Pseudomembranous Colitis: An Update by Harpreet S Brar, Christina M Surawicz

“…Clostridium difficile is the most common nosocomial infection of the gastrointestinal tract. Most cases are associated with antibiotic therapy that alters the fecal flora, allowing overgrowth of C difficile with production of its toxins. …”
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Motion – Cyclo-oxygenase-2 Selective Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs are as Safe as Placebo for the Stomach: Arguments Against the Motion by Andreas Maetzel

“…Selective COX-2 inhibitors are less likely to damage the upper gastrointestinal tract, as has been shown by large, randomized, controlled trials. …”
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Interactions of the Intestinal Epithelium with the Pathogen and the Indigenous Microbiota: A Three-Way Crosstalk by C. V. Srikanth, Beth A. McCormick

“…The mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract harbor a vast number of commensal microbiota that have coevolved with the host, and in addition display one of the most complex relationships with the host. …”
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Granulomatous Osteonecrosis in Crohn’s Disease by Hugh J Freeman, David Owen, Mario Millan

“…Review of the pathological sections from the resected hip, however, resulted in detection of granulomatous inflammation with multinucleated giant cells - the histological ’footprint’ of Crohn’s disease in the gastrointestinal tract. Because prior specialized perfusion fixation pathological studies of the intestine in Crohn’s disease have shown that granulomas are located in the walls of blood vessels, a possible mechanism for the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis in Crohn’s disease is chronic microvascular ischemia of bone.…”
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Large Bowel Obstruction Subsequent to Resected Lobular Breast Carcinoma: An Unconventional Etiology of Malignant Obstruction by Melissa Amberger, Nancy Presnick, Gerard Baltazar

“…Breast cancer metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract is rare and mostly limited to case reports which recommend consideration of metastasis when breast cancer patients particularly those with invasive lobular carcinoma present with new gastrointestinal complaints. …”
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Transcriptional Regulators of Claudins in Epithelial Tight Junctions by Niamat Khan, Abdul R. Asif

“…Human gastrointestinal tract is covered by a monolayer of specialized epithelial cells that constitute a protective barrier surface to external toxic and infectious agents along with metabolic and digestive functions. …”
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A Rare Cause of Testicular Metastasis: Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma by Alper Nesip Manav, Ercan Kazan, Mehmet Şirin Ertek, Akın Soner Amasyalı, Nil Çulhacı, Haluk Erol

“…Primary tumor sources are prostate, lung, and gastrointestinal tract for metastatic testicular cancers. …”
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Magnetic Foreign Body Ingestion in Children: The Attractive Hazards by Anna Lin, Lawrence Chi Ngong Chan, Kam Lun Ellis Hon, Siu Yan Bess Tsui, Kristine Kit Yi Pang, Hon Ming Cheung, Alexander K. C. Leung

“…Most foreign bodies are passed spontaneously through the gastrointestinal tract. However, on occasion, they can also be a rare cause of morbidity and even mortality, such as in the case of multiple magnetic foreign body ingestion, which can cause injury via magnetic attraction through bowel walls. …”
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Missing Screw as a Rare Complication of Anterior Cervical Instrumentation by Yusuf Kurtuluş Duransoy, Mesut Mete, Baha Zengel, Mehmet Selçukı

“…We concluded that the missing screw had perforated the esophagus and had been eliminated spontaneously through the gastrointestinal tract. No screw should migrate. Even loose screws should be noted in follow-up X-ray studies. …”
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Deep Seated Lobular Capillary Hemangioma (Pyogenic Granuloma) of the Colon: A Rare Case Requiring Surgery beyond Endoscopic Management by Jaechun Park, Minjung Jung

“…Lobular capillary hemangiomas typically present as skin or oral mucosa lesions and have rarely been described in unusual sites, including the gastrointestinal tract. Most colonic lobular capillary hemangiomas, either asymptomatic or associated with GI bleeding, have been amenable to endoscopic treatment in literatures. …”
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Metformin in the treatment of colorectal cancer and neuroendocrine tumours by Karolina Daniłowska, Natalia Picheta, Barbara I. Krupska, Anna Rudzińska, Oliwia Burdan, Katarzyna Szklener

“…Neuroendocrine tumors most commonly occur in the gastrointestinal tract and lungs. Therefore, new, better, and more effective treatment methods are being sought. …”
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Carcinosarcoma of the Rectum: Report of a Rare Colorectal Malignancy and Review of the Literature by Alexis Sudlow, Ming Ho Liu, Geoffrey Waters, Vamsi R. Velchuru

“…Though infrequent, it may affect the gastrointestinal tract, most often the oesophagus and only very rarely the rectum. …”
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Castleman's Disease and Neutropenic Enterocolitis Presenting as Crohn’s Disease by Kelly W Burak, Ronald J Bridges, Walter B Blahey

“…This case illustrates a variant presentation of Castleman's disease with neutropenia and manifestations in the gastrointestinal tract.…”
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Metabolomic profiles as a new understanding of disease processes by O. Yu. Zolnikova, M. S. Reshetova, M. N. Ivanova, V. T. Ivashkin

“…The possibility of finding diagnostic markers in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory and cardiovascular systems, in oncology, endocrinology, neurology are discussed. …”
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Antimicrobial Peptides in Gastrointestinal Inflammation by Simon Jäger, Eduard F. Stange, Jan Wehkamp

“…In this paper, we focus on the role of antimicrobial peptides in inflammatory processes along the gastrointestinal tract, while considering the resident and pathogenic flora encountered at the specific sites. …”
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Effects of oral sarcopenia and malnutrition on the elderly by Chieh Chen, Da-Ming Liao

“…Abstract Old-aged adults often suffer from nutrient deficiency or appetite loss resulting from taste and smell degeneration, poor oral and dental functions, and chewing and swallowing difficulties in addition to having poor digestion and gastrointestinal tract absorption or delayed stomach emptying. …”
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Probiotics and Prebiotics: Role in Prevention of Nosocomial Sepsis in Preterm Infants by Vrinda Nair, Amuchou S. Soraisham

“…Prevention of sepsis especially in the preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit remains a major challenge. The gastrointestinal tract is an important source of potential pathogens causing nosocomial sepsis as the immature intestinal epithelium can permit translocation of bacteria and yeast. …”
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Research Progress on Chemical Constituents, Pharmacological Actions and Application of Codonopsis Radix as Both Medicine and Food by ZHANG Huan, LI Chao, JI Chenfeng

“…Codonopsis Radix contains a rich variety of chemical constituents, including flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, saponins, steroids, trace elements and amino acids, with many pharmacological effects, such as enhancing immunity, protecting the heart, nerve and gastrointestinal tract, regulating blood sugar, antioxidant, anti-fatigue, antibacterial, anti-virus, and anti-tumor functions, so it has been increasingly applied as both food and medicine. …”
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Fecal Calprotectin Use in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Beyond: A Mini-Review by Bashaar Alibrahim, Mohammed I Aljasser, Baljinder Salh

“…Given the number of inflammatory disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract directly and indirectly, coupled with the considerable overlap with functional disorders, it is evident that more useful noninvasive diagnostic tests are required to aid with diagnosis. …”
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Iatrogenic Sinistral Hypertension Complicating Screening Colonoscopy by Oliver J. Ziff, A. M. James Shapiro

“…Colonoscopy is widely accepted as the gold-standard screening technique for detecting malignancies in the distal gastrointestinal tract in patients with symptoms suggestive of colon cancer. …”
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