Computational analysis of spliced leader trans-splicing in the regenerative flatworm <i>Macrostomum lignano</i> reveals its prevalence in conserved and stem cell related genes by K. V. Ustyantsev, E. V. Berezikov

“…In eukaryotes, trans-splicing is a process of nuclear pre-mRNA maturation where two different RNA molecules are joined together by the spliceosomal machinery utilizing mechanisms similar to cis-splicing. …”
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RNA N6-Methyladenosine Modifications and the Immune Response by Ya-Nan Wang, Chen-Yang Yu, Hong-Zhong Jin

“…N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most important modification of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in higher eukaryotes. Modulation of m6A modifications relies on methyltransferases and demethylases. …”
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The known unknowns of the Hsp90 chaperone by Laura-Marie Silbermann, Benjamin Vermeer, Sonja Schmid, Katarzyna Tych

“…Among them, heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) stands out as an essential proteostasis hub in eukaryotes, chaperoning hundreds of ‘clients’ (substrates). …”
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Recent advances in plant kinetochore research by Elena Kozgunova, Elena Kozgunova

“…Faithful chromosome segregation is crucial for cell division in eukaryotes, facilitated by the kinetochore, a multi-subunit protein complex that connects chromosomes to the spindle microtubules. …”
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François Gros : Une personnalité de premier plan, un homme secret by Robert, Benoît

“…I joined François Gros’ laboratory in 1975, to study mechanisms of gene expression in eukaryotes. Despite the lack of powerful tools, that would be brought later by genetic engineering, I obtained publishable results and was allowed to defend a third cycle thesis. …”
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Review of cancer cell volatile organic compounds: their metabolism and evolution by Takeshi Furuhashi, Kanako Toda, Wolfram Weckwerth, Wolfram Weckwerth, Wolfram Weckwerth

“…Certain cancerous characteristics as well as the origin of the ROS removal system date back to procaryotes and early eukaryotes and share commonalities with non-cancerous proliferative cells. …”
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Acholeplasma laidlawii PG8 Culture Adapted to Unfavorable Growth Conditions Shows an Expressed Phytopathogenicity by Vladislav M. Chernov, Natalia E. Moukhametshina, Yurii V. Gogolev, Tatiana N. Nesterova, Maxim V. Trushin, Olga A. Chernova

“…Mycoplasmas are the smallest, self-replicating, prokaryotic organisms with avid biochemical potential and spreading in higher eukaryotes in nature. In this study, Acholeplasma laidlawii PG8 cells were cultivated on a deficient medium for 480 days resulting in a mycoplasma culture that was adapted in vitro to unfavorable growth conditions. …”
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RNA splicing: a split consensus reveals two major 5′ splice site classes by Matthew T. Parker, Sebastian M. Fica, Gordon G. Simpson

“…Separating the human 5′ splice site consensus into its two major constituents can help us understand fundamental features of eukaryote genome architecture and splicing mechanisms and inform treatment design for diseases caused by genetic variation affecting splicing.…”
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Alternative Splicing and Its Impact as a Cancer Diagnostic Marker by Yun-Ji Kim, Heui-Soo Kim

“…Most genes are processed by alternative splicing for gene expression, resulting in the complexity of the transcriptome in eukaryotes. It allows a limited number of genes to encode various proteins with intricate functions. …”
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Ensuring the Stability of the Genome: DNA Damage Checkpoints by Christine Latif, Susan H. Harvey, Susan J. O'Connell

“…This is reflected by the functional conservation of these pathways in all eukaryotes from yeast to mammalian cells. This review will examine the cellular response to DNA damage throughout the cell cycle. …”
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Substrates, regulation, cellular functions, and disease associations of P4-ATPases by Hye-Won Shin, Hiroyuki Takatsu

“…These enzymes are conserved across all eukaryotes, and the human genome encodes 14 distinct P4-ATPases. …”
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Mechanisms and therapeutic implications of gene expression regulation by circRNA-protein interactions in cancer by Nan Zhang, Xinjia Wang, Yu Li, Yiwei Lu, Chengcheng Sheng, Yumeng Sun, Ningye Ma, Yisheng Jiao

“…Abstract Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have garnered substantial attention due to their distinctive circular structure and gene regulatory functions, establishing them as a significant class of functional non-coding RNAs in eukaryotes. Studies have demonstrated that circRNAs can interact with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which play crucial roles in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug response in cancer by influencing gene expression and altering the processes of tumor initiation and progression. …”
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The Transcribed-Ultraconserved Regions: A Novel Class of Long Noncoding RNAs Involved in Cancer Susceptibility by Paola Scaruffi

“…During recent years, novel approaches and new technologies have revealed a startling level of complexity of higher eukaryotes' transcriptome. A large proportion of the transcriptional output is represented by protein noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that arise from the “dark matter” of the genome. …”
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Coleopteran Antimicrobial Peptides: Prospects for Clinical Applications by Monde Ntwasa, Akira Goto, Shoichiro Kurata

“…Although coleopterans comprise the largest and most diverse order of eukaryotes and occupy an earlier branch than Drosophila in the holometabolous lineage of insects, their immune system has not been studied extensively. …”
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Linking Innate and Adaptive Immunity: Human Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells Enhance CD40 Expression and HMGB-1 Secretion by Shirin Kalyan, Anthony W. Chow

“…The main subset of human peripheral blood γδ T cells responds to nonpeptidic antigens, such as isopentylpyrophosphate (IPP), a metabolite in the mevalonate pathway for both eukaryote and prokaryote cells. IPP-primed γδ T cells significantly augment the inflammatory response mediated by monocytes and αβ T cells to TSST-1, the staphylococcal superantigen that is the major causative agent of toxic shock syndrome. …”
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Discovery of Evolutionary Loss of the Ubiquitin-like Autophagy-Related ATG12 System in a Lineage of Apicomplexa by Xiaoxia X. Lin, Yun D. Bai, Sichang T. Wang, Akira Nozawa, Tatsuya Sawasaki, Tatsunori Masatani, Kenji Hikosaka, Masahito Asada, Hirokazu Sakamoto

“…The autophagy-related ubiquitin-like conjugation systems, the ATG8 and ATG12 systems, are universally conserved in eukaryotes. However, the covalent bond in the ATG12 system has recently been shown to be evolutionarily lost in Apicomplexa. …”
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Overexpression of a Vesicle Trafficking Gene, OsRab7, Enhances Salt Tolerance in Rice by Xiaojue Peng, Xia Ding, Tianfang Chang, Zhoulong Wang, Rong Liu, Xin Zeng, Yaohui Cai, Youlin Zhu

“…Rab7 is a small GTP-binding protein that is distributed widely among eukaryotes. Endocytic trafficking mediated by Rab7 plays an important role in animal and yeast cells, but the current understanding of Rab7 in plants is still very limited. …”
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Functions and applications of RNA interference and small regulatory RNAs by Feng Xuezhu, Guang Shouhong

“…Small regulatory RNAs play a variety of crucial roles in eukaryotes, influencing gene regulation, developmental timing, antiviral defense, and genome integrity via a process termed RNA interference (RNAi). …”
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Autophagy: More Than a Nonselective Pathway by Fulvio Reggiori, Masaaki Komatsu, Kim Finley, Anne Simonsen

“…Autophagy is a catabolic pathway conserved among eukaryotes that allows cells to rapidly eliminate large unwanted structures such as aberrant protein aggregates, superfluous or damaged organelles, and invading pathogens. …”
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A hammerhead ribozyme selects mechanically stable conformations for catalysis against viral RNA by Man Lu, Zhiqiang Cao, Luoan Xiong, Hongying Deng, Kangkang Ma, Ning Liu, Yanding Qin, Shen-Bo Chen, Jun-Hu Chen, Yao Li, Yijin Liu, Zhongbo Yu

“…Abstract Ribozymes, widely found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, target nucleic acids and can be engineered as biotechnical tools or for gene regulation or immune therapy. …”
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