Global atlas of predicted functional domains in Legionella pneumophila Dot/Icm translocated effectors by Deepak T Patel, Peter J Stogios, Lukasz Jaroszewski, Malene L Urbanus, Mayya Sedova, Cameron Semper, Cathy Le, Abraham Takkouche, Keita Ichii, Julie Innabi, Dhruvin H Patel, Alexander W Ensminger, Adam Godzik, Alexei Savchenko

“…Abstract Legionella pneumophila utilizes the Dot/Icm type IVB secretion system to deliver hundreds of effector proteins inside eukaryotic cells to ensure intracellular replication. …”
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Targeting autophagy to enhance chemotherapy and immunotherapy in oral cancer by Xiaoli Zeng, Xiaoli Zeng, Xiaoli Zeng, Yue Chen, Yue Chen, Jing Wang, Jing Wang, Miao He, Miao He, Junyao Qiu, Yun Huang

“…Inducing autophagy promotes degradation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E, thus reducing metastasis and enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. …”
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Autophagy: An Overview of Molecular Mechanisms and Its Therapeutic Implications for Health and Disease by Hourolein Arab, Mohammad Reza Mofid, Mahboube Rahmati, Elahe Gharehkhani, Armin Mokhtariye, Mohammad Shokrzadeh

“…Autophagy is a fundamental process in eukaryotic cells, essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and promoting survival. …”
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Mitochondrial Thioredoxin-Glutathione Reductase from Larval Taenia crassiceps (Cysticerci) by Alberto Guevara-Flores, Irene P. del Arenal, Guillermo Mendoza-Hernández, Juan Pablo Pardo, Oscar Flores-Herrera, Juan L. Rendón

“…Apparent Km values were 0.87  ±  0.04  μM, 41  ±  6  μM and 19  ±  10  μM for thioredoxin, GSSG and NADPH, respectively. Thioredoxin from eukaryotic sources was accepted as substrate. The enzyme reduced H2O2 in a NADPH-dependent manner, although with low catalytic efficiency. …”
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Salubrinal Regulates the Apoptosis of Adrenocortical Carcinoma Cells via the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 Signaling Pathway by Lili Wu, Chunfeng Liang, Xuemei Huang, Xiujun Deng, Jiming Jiang, Zuojie Luo

“…In this study, we aimed to determine whether salubrinal (Sal), a selective activator of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), can induce apoptosis of human adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) cell via activating the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathway, and the potential mechanisms of this action were explored. …”
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Centromere positioning orchestrates telomere bouquet formation and the initiation of meiotic differentiation by Alberto Jiménez-Martín, Alberto Pineda-Santaella, Rebeca Martín-García, Rodrigo Esteban-Villafañe, Alix Matarrese, Jesús Pinto-Cruz, Sergio Camacho-Cabañas, Daniel León-Periñán, Antonia Terrizzano, Rafael R. Daga, Sigurd Braun, Alfonso Fernández-Álvarez

“…This discovery highlights the finely tuned control exerted over long-distance heterochromatic regions and underscores a pivotal step in the mechanism of eukaryotic telomere bouquet formation and meiotic transcriptional rewiring.…”
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Structural insights into how Cas9 targets nucleosomes by Reina Nagamura, Tomoya Kujirai, Junko Kato, Yutaro Shuto, Tsukasa Kusakizako, Hisato Hirano, Masaki Endo, Seiichi Toki, Hiroaki Saika, Hitoshi Kurumizaka, Osamu Nureki

“…Abstract The CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas9 derived from prokaryotes is used as a genome editing, which targets specific genomic loci by single guide RNAs (sgRNAs). The eukaryotes, the target of genome editing, store their genome DNA in chromatin, in which the nucleosome is a basic unit. …”
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Endophytic fungi related to the ash dieback causal agent encode signatures of pathogenicity on European ash by Maryam Rafiqi, Chatchai Kosawang, Jessica A. Peers, Lukas Jelonek, Hélène Yvanne, Mark McMullan, Lene R. Nielsen

“…Phylogenetic analysis of core eukaryotic genes identified H. albidus and H. koreanus as sister species, whilst H. occultus diverged prior to these and H. fraxineus. …”
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eIF3 engages with 3’-UTR termini of highly translated mRNAs by Santi Mestre-Fos, Lucas Ferguson, Marena I Trinidad, Nicholas T Ingolia, Jamie HD Cate

“…Here, we investigate the role of eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3) in early differentiation of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs). …”
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Selective Binding of Distamycin A Derivative to G-Quadruplex Structure [d(TGGGGT)]4 by Bruno Pagano, Iolanda Fotticchia, Stefano De Tito, Carlo A. Mattia, Luciano Mayol, Ettore Novellino, Antonio Randazzo, Concetta Giancola

“…Quadruplex-prone sequences are found in many regions of human genome and in the telomeres of all eukaryotic organisms. Since small molecules that target G-quadruplexes have been found to be effective telomerase inhibitors, the identification of new specific ligands for G-quadruplexes is emerging as a promising approach to develop new anticancer drugs. …”
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MCM2-7 ring closure involves the Mcm5 C-terminus and triggers Mcm4 ATP hydrolysis by Sarah V. Faull, Marta Barbon, Audrey Mossler, Zuanning Yuan, Lin Bai, L. Maximilian Reuter, Alberto Riera, Christian Winkler, Indiana Magdalou, Matthew Peach, Huilin Li, Christian Speck

“…Abstract The eukaryotic helicase MCM2-7, is loaded by ORC, Cdc6 and Cdt1 as a double-hexamer onto replication origins. …”
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PEBP1 amplifies mitochondrial dysfunction-induced integrated stress response by Ling Cheng, Ian Meliala, Yidi Kong, Jingyuan Chen, Christopher G Proud, Mikael Björklund

“…Depletion of PEBP1 impaired mitochondrial ISR activation by reducing eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) phosphorylation and subsequent ISR gene expression, which was independent of PEBP1’s role in inhibiting the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway. …”
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GENOME POLITICS: STRATEGY AND TACTICS by Jonas Rubikas

“…This is clearly seen when the comparison between the information content (the gene number) and the life cycle of small genomes (plasmids, viruses, singlecellular prokaryotic organisms) is made: large space is occupied by information on replication enzymes and the sequence of replication origin. In higher eukaryotic multicellular organisms the increased complexity of the genome could be expressed as plus function information: for metabolism, for relations with environment, for nervous system. …”
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MicroRNAs in the DNA Damage/Repair Network and Cancer by Alessandra Tessitore, Germana Cicciarelli, Filippo Del Vecchio, Agata Gaggiano, Daniela Verzella, Mariafausta Fischietti, Davide Vecchiotti, Daria Capece, Francesca Zazzeroni, Edoardo Alesse

“…To preserve the genomic integrity, eukaryotic cells need a complex DNA damage/repair response network of signaling pathways, involving many proteins, able to induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, or DNA repair. …”
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Deciphering the regulatory programs of RNA binding proteins in rheumatoid arthritis through single-cell transcriptome analysis by Hongbin Luo, Qunya Zheng, Youzheng Zhou, Weipeng Lai, Nanwen Zhang, Peng Chen

“…Y-Box binding protein 3 (YBX3) and splicing factor 3b subunit 6 (SF3B6) were confirmed to be upregulated in RA-FLS and CIA mice, while eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1 (EIF4A1) and U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 1 (U2AF1) were downregulated in RA-FLS. …”
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Effect of Multiple Gene Copy Number of Bacterial Lipase to Increase Lipase Production in Pichia pastoris by Esti Puspitasari, Yepy Hardi Rustam, Andreas Adhi Satya, Antonius Suwanto, Aris Tri Wahyudi, Rika Indri Astuti

“… Bacterial lipase poses potential challenges when expressed in eukaryotic protein expression systems such as Pichia pastoris. …”
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Plant diversity and transcriptional variability assessed by retrotransposon-based molecular markers by R. N. Kalendar, K. S. Aizharkyn, O. N. Khapilina, A. A. Amenov, D. S. Tagimanova

“…Retrotransposons are a major component of all eukaryotic genomes, which makes them suited as molecular markers. …”
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Curcumin Improves Epithelial Barrier Integrity of Caco-2 Monolayers by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Subsequent Apoptosis by Xinxin Zhou, Mengting Ren, Jinpu Yang, Hanghai Pan, Mosang Yu, Feng Ji

“…Furthermore, curcumin administration greatly blocked the protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase- (PERK-) eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α- (eIF2α-) activating transcription factor 4- (ATF4-) CHOP signaling pathway. …”
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Genomics Analysis of Metabolic Pathways of Human Stem Cell-Derived Microglia-Like Cells and the Integrated Cortical Spheroids by Julie Bejoy, Xuegang Yuan, Liqing Song, Thien Hua, Richard Jeske, Sébastien Sart, Qing-Xiang Amy Sang, Yan Li

“…In addition, the metabolic pathways and the signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, cell death, PIK3/AKT/mTOR signaling, eukaryotic initiation factor 2 pathway, and Wnt and Notch pathways were analyzed. …”
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Identification of a New Prognostic Risk Signature of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on N6-Methyladenosine RNA Methylation Regulators by Yan Zhang, Yao Yao, Xiaochen Qi, Jianyi Li, Meihong Liu, Xiangyu Che, Yingkun Xu, Guangzhen Wu

“…As the most prevalent internal eukaryotic modification, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is installed by methyltransferases, removed by demethylases, and recognized by readers. …”
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