Immunofluorescence for Detection of TOR Kinase Activity In Situ in Photosynthetic Organisms by Ana Lando, María De Marco, Andrea Cumino, Giselle Martínez-Noël

“…The target of rapamycin (TOR) is a central hub kinase that promotes growth and development in all eukaryote cells. TOR induces protein synthesis through the phosphorylation of the S6 kinase (S6K), which, in turn, phosphorylates ribosomal S6 protein (RPS6) increasing this anabolic process. …”
Get full text

Methods of yeast genome editing by A. S. Rozanov, V. N. Shlyahtun, L. A. Tekutieva, O. M. Son, S. V. Sizova, S. E. Peltek

“…Yeasts are a convenient model eukaryote used for genome studies and genome editing. …”
Get full text

The use of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans in the investigation of the adverse effects of electronic cigarettes by Kamila Melnikov, Alžbeta Kaiglová, Soňa Kucharíková

“…For example, the translucent multicellular eukaryote Caenorhabditis elegans is widely used as a model organism to explain a broad range of biological processes, including aging, stress response, development, and many others. …”
Get full text

Stage-specific function of sphingolipid synthases in African trypanosomes by Norton Heise, Carolina M. Koeller, Mohamed Sharif, James D. Bangs

“…ABSTRACT The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei is the only known eukaryote capable of synthesizing the three main phosphosphingolipids: sphingomyelin (SM), inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC), and ethanolamine phosphorylceramide (EPC). …”
Get full text

Mono-allelic epigenetic regulation of polycistronic transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in Trypanosoma brucei by Rudo Kieft, Laura Cliffe, Haidong Yan, Robert J. Schmitz, Stephen L. Hajduk, Robert Sabatini

“…ABSTRACT Unique for a eukaryote, protein-coding genes in trypanosomes are arranged in polycistronic transcription units (PTUs). …”
Get full text

Shaping the human gut microbiota: The role of canine companionship, lifestyle choices, and Blastocystis sp. by Zuzana Pavlíčková, Barbora Pafčo, Vladislav Ilík, Lee O'Brien Andersen, Milan Jirků, Kristýna Brožová, David Modrý, Oldřiška Kadlecová, Christen Rune Stensvold, Kateřina Jirků

“…The presence of Blastocystis sp. in humans correlated with specific microbial patterns, indicating an important role for this micro-eukaryote in the gut ecosystem.These findings highlight the intricate relationship between specific factors and the gut microbiota composition and emphasize the need for more extensive research in this area.…”
Get full text

Induced-volatolomics, a new research field in chemical biology by Blochouse, Estelle, Eid, Rony, Cannoni, Elsa, Châtre, Rémi, Geffroy, Claude, Opalinski, Isabelle, Papot, Sébastien, Poinot, Pauline

“…These probes are converted into exogenous VOCs in response to pathogen or eukaryote specific enzymatic stimuli. Once activated, VOC-based probes release volatile tracers that inform the biochemical processes arising in cells, liquid and solid biopsies, and even in entire organisms. …”
Get full text

THE ORIGIN OF SYNAPTONEMAL COMPLEX PROTEINS. SEARCH FOR RELATED PROTEINS IN PROTEOMES OF ALGAE, LOWER FUNGI, MOSSES, AND PROTOZOANS by T. M. Grishaeva, Yu. F. Bogdanov

“…Proteins similar to known proteins of the synaptonemal complexes (SCs) of seven species of higher eukaryotes, from budding yeast to mouse, which are used as models for studying meiosis, have been sought by bioinformatical methods. …”
Get full text

Selected Mechanisms of Action of Bacteriophages in Bacterial Infections in Animals by Renata Urban-Chmiel, Ewelina Pyzik

“…For many years, bacteriophages were not believed to act on eukaryotic cells; however, recent studies have confirmed their ability to affect eukaryotic cells and interact with the host immune system. …”
Get full text

Nuclear mRNA export by Chen Suli, Jiang Qingyi, Fan Jing, Cheng Hong

“…In eukaryotic cells, gene expression begins with transcription in the nucleus, followed by the maturation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). …”
Get full text

Engineering artificial photosynthetic life-forms through endosymbiosis by Jay Cournoyer, Sarah D. Altman, Yang-le Gao, Catherine L. Wallace, Dianwen Zhang, Guo-Hsuen Lo, Noah T. Haskin, Angad P. Mehta

“…The endosymbiotic theory suggests that photosynthetic eukaryotes evolved due to endosymbiosis between non-photosynthetic eukaryotic host cells and photosynthetic cyanobacterial or algal endosymbionts. …”
Get full text

3C-BASED METHODS FOR 3D GENOME ORGANIZATION ANALYSIS by N. R. Battulin, V. S. Fishman, Yu. L. Orlov, A. G. Menzorov, D. A. Afonnikov, O. L. Serov

“…The 3D organization of an eukaryotic genome plays an important role in nuclear gene expression. …”
Get full text

A truncated variant of the ribosome-associated trigger factor specifically contributes to plant chloroplast ribosome biogenesis by Fabian Ries, Jasmin Gorlt, Sabrina Kaiser, Vanessa Scherer, Charlotte Seydel, Sandra Nguyen, Andreas Klingl, Julia Legen, Christian Schmitz-Linneweber, Hinrik Plaggenborg, Jediael Z. Y. Ng, Dennis Wiens, Georg K. A. Hochberg, Markus Räschle, Torsten Möhlmann, David Scheuring, Felix Willmund

Get full text

Evolution of sequence, structural and functional diversity of the ubiquitous DNA/RNA-binding Alba domain by Jaiganesh Jagadeesh, Shruthi Sridhar Vembar

“…Sequence similarity network (SSN) analysis clustered them into 13 distinct subgroups, including the archaeal Alba and eukaryotic Rpp20/Pop7 and Rpp25/Pop6 groups, as well as novel fungal and Plasmodium-specific Albas. …”
Get full text

Sphingolipid and Ceramide Homeostasis: Potential Therapeutic Targets by Simon A. Young, John G. Mina, Paul W. Denny, Terry K. Smith

“…Sphingolipids are ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells where they have been attributed a plethora of functions from the formation of structural domains to polarized cellular trafficking and signal transduction. …”
Get full text

Glyphosate treatment mediates the accumulation of small discrete 5^′ and 3^′-terminal fragments of 18S rRNA in plant cells by A. V. Zhigailov, A. S. Nizkorodova, K. O. Sharipov, N. S. Polimbetova, B. K. Iskakov

“…Under many kinds of stress, eukaryotic cells rapidly decrease the overall translation level of the majority of mRNAs. …”
Get full text

Illuminating the impact of N-terminal acetylation: from protein to physiology by Nina McTiernan, Ine Kjosås, Thomas Arnesen

“…Here, we review the eukaryotic N-terminal acetylation machinery: the enzymes involved and their substrate specificities. …”
Get full text

On the nature of picobirnaviruses by A. Yu. Kashnikov, N. V. Epifanova, N. A. Novikova

“…This hypothesis is based on the presence of Shine–Dalgarno sequences in the genome of all PBVs before three reading frames (ORF) at the ribosomal binding site, with which the prokaryotic genome is saturated, while in the eukaryotic genome such regions occur with low frequency. …”
Get full text

Non-coding parts of genomes as the basis of epigenetic heredity by R. N. Mustafin, E. K. Khusnutdinova

“…The cooperation of these protective systems with mechanisms for controlling the interrelation of cells and their differentiation became the basis for the emergence and evolution of multicellular eukaryotes. The evolutionary conservation of a complex enzymes Drosha, Dicer, Argonaut, RdRP and their homologues in all multicellular eukaryotes, and their absence in unicellular organisms supports this assumption. …”
Get full text