Why is it so difficult to understand why we don’t understand human systemic lupus erythematosus? Contemplating facts, conflicts, and impact of “the causality cascade paradigm”... by Ole Petter Rekvig, Ole Petter Rekvig

“…Currently, SLE may be regarded as a disease with phenotypic diversity, independently segregated manifestations with unresolved etiologies that are not unique to a single SLE phenotype. …”
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Anatomical and physiological contributions of nasal turbinate vessels and lymphatics to the pathogenesis of nasal congestion in recurrent headaches: a pilot study by Jacob M. Chmielecki, Aishwarya Vemula, Joyce G. Schwartz, Jonathan A. Gelfond, William T. Phillips

“…NHMRs were also significantly increased in the additional patients when compared to those without recurrent headaches (p = 0.004; OR 12.3; 95% CI 2.34–75.5).ConclusionPatients with recurrent headaches have significantly increased nasal activity as observed on 99mTc-MDP whole-body blood pool scans, supporting the hypothesis that nasal lymphatic dysfunction plays a role in the etiology of recurrent headaches. This research highlights a novel diagnostic use of the whole-body blood pool scan for the assessment of nasal turbinate vasodilation as well as a possible new target for the treatment of recurrent headaches.…”
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Rare Site of an Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor at the Epididymis: A Case Report by Lange A, Dominiak N, Petros FG

“…Based on current literature, only nine epididymal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors have been reported and in this case report we describe the tenth.Case Presentation: A 40-year-old Caucasian male presented with an enlarging mass near his right testicle with no associative symptoms or obvious etiology. Scrotal ultrasound showed a solid heterogenous mass with internal vascularity. …”
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Genetic evidence for the liver-brain axis: lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative disease risk by Zeyu Wang, Zixiao Yin, Guangyong Sun, Dong Zhang, Jianguo Zhang

“…Current genetic evidence does not support a significant role for lipid metabolism in PD and MS etiology, suggesting the relationship between lipid metabolism and other NDs may be more complex and warrants further investigation.…”
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Factors Associated with Fluid Sequestration in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis: A Prospective Study in Tertiary Centre Hospital in Nepal by Raju Bhandari, Krishna Sapkota, Seema Subedi, Som Kumar Shrestha, Edward Sutanto, Prabhat Jha, Ramesh Singh Bhandari

“…There was a significant difference in pairwise comparisons between mild AP and moderately severe AP, along with mild AP and severe AP. Younger age, other etiology, and higher creatinine were independently associated with increased FS48. …”
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Thyroid Dysfunction Prevalence and Risk Factors in the Southeastern Part of Bangladesh: A Cross‐Sectional Study by Muhammad Shahadat Hossen, Md. Mahmodul Islam, Abhijit Das, Md. Abdur Rahman Ripon, Mohammad Tohidul Amin, Mohammad Anwarul Basher, Md. Mamun Or Rashid

“…The purpose of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of thyroid disorders in the Bangladeshi population, with a particular focus on the frequency, etiology, and comorbidity of various thyroid diseases. …”
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An association study of polymorphisms in the P2RX7 gene in an Iranian population with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus by Homa Noori, Majid Rajabian, Mahdi Majidpour, Mahboobeh Sabeti Akbar-Abad, Ramin Saravani

“…Abstract Objective Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) showed a broad etiology that both environmental and genetic factors play a role in its predisposition. …”
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Characterization of Novel Nonobese Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model with Enlarged Kidneys by Ayaka Domon, Kentaro Katayama, Yuki Tochigi, Hiroetsu Suzuki

“…There was a marked difference in the etiology of DEK by gender: DM phenotypes including polyuria, polydipsia, and hyperglycemia (nonfasting blood glucose over 300 mg/dl) were found in male rats aged over 10 weeks but not in female rats. …”
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Detection of Salivary Interleukin 2 and Interleukin 6 in Patients With Burning Mouth Syndrome

“…<p>The etiology of BMS remains unknown. Role of various cytokines has been implicated in the development of BMS. …”
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Study of possible intrauterine infection of goat fetus with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus by V. Yu. Koptev, N. A. Shkil, N. Yu. Balybina, T. N. Belenkova

“…The disease is quite widespread in our country, causing serious economic damage to the backyard and family-operated farm owners. The etiologic agent of caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) is a virus of the Retroviridae family, which is part of the group of small ruminant lentiviruses subdivided into five genetic groups. …”
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Risk Factors for Trauma-Related Eviscerations: Analysis of 821 Cases by Zhaoxin Jiang, Yao Yang, Yujie Li, Miner Yuan, Cheng Li, Xiaofeng Lin

“…A total of 1229 evisceration cases were reviewed, and only trauma-related eviscerations were analyzed. Etiology, demographic data, ocular features, and hospitalization time were evaluated. …”
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Adverse Events of Antiepileptic Drugs Using Indonesian Version of Liverpool Adverse Events Profile by Astri Budikayanti, Lubna Muhammad Qadri, Zakiah Syeban, Luh Ari Indrawati, Fitri Octaviana

“…We analyzed duration of epilepsy, onset of epilepsy, seizure frequency, type of epilepsy, etiology and epilepsy syndrome, number of AEDs, duration of AED use, and comorbidity. …”
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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease as a Potential Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study by Mohammad Dehghani Firouzabadi, Amirhossein Poopak, Ali Sheikhy, Fatemeh Dehghani Firouzabadi, Fatemeh Moosaie, Soghra Rabizadeh, Sara Momtazmanesh, Manouchehr Nakhjavani, Alireza Esteghamati

“…Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disorder in western countries. Although the etiology of NAFLD is unknown, insulin resistance is a key mechanism of lipid deposition in hepatocytes leading to steatosis and potentially steatohepatitis in patients with diabetes. …”
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Genetic basis of depressive disorders by Yu. D. Davydova, R. F. Enikeeva, A. V. Kazantseva, R. N. Mustafin, A. R. Romanova, S. B. Malykh, E. K. Khusnutdinov

“…Despite an intensive research during the past decades, the etiology of depressive disorders (DDs) remains incompletely understood; however, genetic factors are significantly involved in the liability to depression. …”
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Indications and Current Surgical Techniques for Keratoplasty: A 10-year Review from 2011 through 2020 at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Thailand by Wipawee Booranapong, Chayanit Junsangsri, Chareenun Chirapapaisan, Panotsom Ngowyutagon, Sathiya Kengpunpanich

“…Fungal keratitis remained the most common etiology for keratoplasty. Penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) was the most common procedure overall (90.7%), followed by endothelial keratoplasty (EK; 5.7%) and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK; 3.6%). …”
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Diagnosis dan Penatalaksanaan Striktur Esofagus by Fachzi Fitri, Novialdi ., Wahyu Triana

“…Literature review: esophageal stricture is a narrowing of the lumen of the esophagus that cause dysphagia. Based on the etiology, esophageal strictures can be divided into benign and malignant. …”
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Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia After Cardiac Arrest and Prevention Strategies: A Narrative Review by Harinivaas Shanmugavel Geetha, Yi Xiang Teo, Sharmitha Ravichandran, Amos Lal

“…The overarching objectives encompass (I) exploring the etiology, risk factors, and pathophysiology of VAP, (II) delving into available diagnostic modalities, and (III) providing insights into the management options and recent treatment guidelines. …”
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Is it Time to Normalize Scapular Dyskinesis? The Incidence of Scapular Dyskinesis in Those With and Without Symptoms: a Systematic Review of the Literature by Paul A. Salamh, William J. Hanney, Trey Boles, Daniel Holmes, Alex McMillan, Austin Wagner, Morey J. Kolber

“…Numerous factors are related to the etiology of shoulder pain, one of which is thought to be scapular dyskinesis (SD). …”
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Respiratory abnormalities in sarcoidosis: physiopathology and early diagnosis using oscillometry combined with respiratory modeling by Bruno Falcão Oliveira, Caroline Oliveira Ribeiro, Cíntia Moraes de Sá Sousa, Mariana Carneiro Lopes, Agnaldo José Lopes, Pedro Lopes de Melo

“…Abstract Background Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic syndrome of uncertain etiology with abnormal respiratory findings in approximately 90% of cases. …”
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Biphasic anaphylaxis in a Canadian tertiary care centre: an evaluation of incidence and risk factors from electronic health records and telephone interviews by Anne K. Ellis, Lubnaa Hossenbaccus, Sophia Linton, Hannah Botting, Eman Badawod, Alyssa Burrows, Sarah Garvey

“…Since then, few updates have been published regarding the etiology and risk factors of biphasic anaphylaxis. …”
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