An Overview of In Vitro Models of Alcohol‐Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Anoïsia Courtois, Sophie Gérard, Damien Esparteiro, Eric Nguyen‐Khac, Ingrid Marcq, Grégory Fouquet

“…Indeed, alcohol consumption is one of the main worldwide etiologies of HCC. However, the impact of alcohol consumption on HCC pathophysiology and the associated mechanisms remains unclear. …”
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Morphometric Analysis of the Host Effect on Phenotypical Variation of Belminus ferroae (Hemiptera: Triatominae) by Claudia Magaly Sandoval Ramirez, Elsa Evelia Nieves Blanco, Reinaldo Gutiérrez Marin, Diego Alexander Jaimes Mendez, Nelcy Ortiz Rodríguez, Fernando Otálora-Luna, Elis José Aldana

“…The Triatominae subfamily includes hematophagous insects, well known for their role as vectors for the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite, etiologic agent of Chagas’ disease. Belminus ferroae is a triatomine that showed an increased demographic fitness when cockroaches were used as hosts. …”
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Hybrid Technique of Lamellar Keratoplasty (DMEK-S) by Pavel Studeny, Deli Sivekova, Katerina Liehneova, Magdalena Vokrojova, Pavel Kuchynka

“…It is an effective method of treating the endothelial dysfunction of various etiologies, but the high complication rate needs to be addressed before widespread implementation of the technique in the future.…”
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Uterine Sarcoidosis: A Rare Extrapulmonary Site of Sarcoidosis by Creticus P. Marak, Narendrakumar Alappan, Amit Chopra, Olena Dorokhova, Sumita Sinha, Achuta K. Guddati

“…However, many infectious and noninfectious etiologies including certain neoplasms can produce similar granulomatous reactions in the female genital tract. …”
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Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Human Amnion by Jinsil Kim, Mitchell M. Pitlick, Paul J. Christine, Amanda R. Schaefer, Cesar Saleme, Belén Comas, Viviana Cosentino, Enrique Gadow, Jeffrey C. Murray

“…This work provides preliminary evidence that DNA methylation changes in the amnion may be at least partially involved in the physiological process of labor and the etiology of preterm birth and suggests that DNA methylation profiles, in combination with other biological data, may provide valuable insight into the mechanisms underlying normal and pathological pregnancies.…”
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Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy and Oculomotor Nerve Schwannoma: A Pediatric Case Report with Long-Term MRI Follow-Up and Literature Review by Maria Giuseppina Petruzzelli, Mariella Margari, Flora Furente, Maria Carmela Costanza, Anna Rosi Legrottaglie, Franca Dicuonzo, Lucia Margari

“…Actually, oculomotor nerve tumors may be masquerade as RPON so that MRI follow-ups are required to detect the possibility of tumor etiology. Case presentation. We report a 16-year-old boy with a 7-year follow-up and multiple brain MRI data, previously diagnosed as OM. …”
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Adrenal Insufficiency: A Forgotten Diagnosis in HIV/AIDS Patients in Developing Countries by David D. Nassoro, Mkhoi L. Mkhoi, Issa Sabi, Alfred J. Meremo, Paul S. Lawala, Issakwisa Habakkuk Mwakyula

“…Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is one of the most common endocrine disease in patients with HIV/AIDS, leading to high morbidity and mortality in HIV patients who become critically ill. Various etiologies are associated with the condition, including cytomegalovirus (CMV), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, lymphoma, Kaposi’s sarcoma, and drugs such as rifampin, among others. …”
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Control of Cryptococcus Gattii Biofilms by an Ethanolic Extract of Cochlospermum Regium (Schrank) Pilger Leaves by Adriana A. Almeida-Apolonio, Wellinton J. Cupozak-Pinheiro, Vagner M. Berres, Fabiana G. S. Dantas, Terezinha I. E. Svidzinski, Kelly M. P. Oliveira, Marilene R. Chang

“…Cryptococcus gattii is an etiologic agent of cryptococcosis and a serious disease that affects immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients worldwide. …”
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Targeting Fibrosis: From Molecular Mechanisms to Advanced Therapies by Xingpeng Di, Ya Li, Jingwen Wei, Tianyue Li, Banghua Liao

“…Unrestricted accumulation of stromal cells and matrix during fibrosis impairs the structure and function of organs, ultimately leading to organ failure. The major etiology of fibrosis is an injury caused by genetic heterogeneity, trauma, virus infection, alcohol, mechanical stimuli, and drug. …”
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Progress in Therapy Development for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by Kalina Venkova-Hristova, Alexandar Christov, Zarine Kamaluddin, Peter Kobalka, Kenneth Hensley

“…Through decades of studying sporadic and familial ALS (SALS and FALS), researchers are coming to understand ALS as a complex syndrome with diverse genetic and environmental etiologies. It is know appreciated that motor neuron degeneration in ALS requires active (gain of function) and passive (loss of function) events to occur in non-neuronal cells, especially astrocytes and microglia. …”
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Lighter Ingestion as an Uncommon Cause of Severe Vomiting in a Schizophrenia Patient by Yahya Atayan, Yasir Furkan Cagin, Mehmet Ali Erdogan, Yılmaz Bilgic, Remzi Bestas, Murat Harputluoglu, Yüksel Seckin

“…Excessive vomiting of swallowed foreign bodies in the etiology of psychotic patients should be kept in mind. …”
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Exosomes in Ocular Health: Recent Insights into Pathology, Diagnostic Applications and Therapeutic Functions by Noelia Blanco-Agudín, Suhui Ye, Sara González-Fernández, Ignacio Alcalde, Jesús Merayo-Lloves, Luis M. Quirós

“…Consequently, in pathological situations, exosomes also undergo modifications in terms of quantity, composition and content, depending on the etiology of the disease. However, the mechanisms by which exosomes contribute to ocular pathology has not yet been studied in depth, and many questions remain unanswered. …”
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The investigation of marek disease, lenfoid leucosis and reticuloendotheliosis by elisa and histopathologic methods in chickens in konya province by Uçkun Sait Uçan, Mehmet Ateş, M. Metin Kıran, H. Hüseyin Hadimli, Mustafa Ortatatlı, E. Özlem Kuyucuoğlu

“…There are three virus-caused neoplastic diseases with known etiology in poultry, Marek disease (MO). Lenfoid Leucosis (LL) and reticuloentdotheliosis (RE), Of these, MD is characterized by malign T cell transformation while LL comprises a variety of transmissible benign and malign neoplasms of different organs. …”
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PCR-Based Identification of Oral Streptococcal Species by Jeffrey A. Banas, Min Zhu, Deborah V. Dawson, Huojun Cao, Steven M. Levy

“…The microbial etiology of dental caries is still debated. Among the hypothesized contributors are the “low pH streptococci,” a designation given to unusually acid proficient strains among the primary plaque colonizers S. oralis, S. mitis, S. gordonii, and S. anginosus. …”
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Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Branchial Cleft Cyst without a Thyroid Primary: Navigating a Diagnostic Dilemma by Douglas S. Ruhl, Mark F. Sheridan, Joseph C. Sniezek

“…A thorough discussion of the etiologies of these lateral neck masses is reviewed including the embryogenesis of thyroid tissue in a branchial cleft cyst. …”
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Efficacy of hepatitis B vaccination in patients awaiting liver transplantation in prophylaxis of <i>de novo</i> HBV-infection of a graft by V. Ye. Syutkin, O. I. Andreytseva, A. A. Saliyenko, A. V. Chzhao

“…Vaccination against hepatitis B of patients with liver cirrhosis, etiologically not related to HBV-infection, standard doses of vaccine under the accelerated mode in most of the cases does not provide effective and sustained immunodefence and does not prevent development of graft HBV-infection de novo.…”
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A visual cortical-lateral posterior thalamic nucleus circuit regulates depressive-like behaviors in male mice by Fangfang Wu, Chenxi Gu, Rui Xu, Junwei Ma, Lei Gao, Youjiao Zhang, Siyuan Bu, Qingbo Lu, Te Zhao, Yijun Han, Chen Guo, Yihui Cui, Jianhua Ding, Gang Hu, Zhijun Zhang

“…Abstract Depression, a prevalent psychiatric disorder of ambiguous etiology and high heterogeneity, has been recently linked to the primary visual cortex (V1). …”
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Functional Role of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis as a Therapeutic Strategy for Mental Disorders by Heechul Jun, Syed Mohammed Qasim Hussaini, Michael J. Rigby, Mi-Hyeon Jang

“…During the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms regulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis and its role in the etiology of mental disorders. In addition, adult hippocampal neurogenesis is highly correlated with the remission of the antidepressant effect. …”
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Association Between Sociodemographic Variables, Healthy Habits, and Stress with Risk Scales for Liver Disease Associated with Metabolic Dysfunction by Ángel Arturo López-González, Emilio Martínez-Almoyna Rifá, Hernán Paublini Oliveira, Cristina Martorell Sánchez, Pedro Juan Tárraga López, José Ignacio Ramírez-Manent

“…Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, with a multifactorial etiology. This study aims to evaluate the associations between various sociodemographic variables, healthy habits, and stress with risk scale values for MAFLD. …”
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Development of a Pressure-Sensitive Conductive Rubber Sensor for Analyzing Meniscal Injury in Porcine Models by Shunsuke Sezaki, Shuhei Otsuki, Kuniaki Ikeda, Nobuhiro Okuno, Yoshinori Okamoto, Hitoshi Wakama, Tomohiro Okayoshi, Masashi Neo

“…The assessment of the distribution of contact pressure on the meniscus is important in the elucidation of kinematics, etiology of joint diseases, and establishment of treatment methods. …”
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