Functional and Practical Insights Into the Genetic Basis of Takayasu Arteritis by Desiré Casares‐Marfil, Amr H. Sawalha

“…Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a rare vasculitis characterized by inflammation of large arteries. Although the exact etiology of TAK remains unclear, a genetic predisposition to the disease has been established. …”
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Ovarian Epithelial Cancer Stem Cells by Irena Conic, Irena Dimov, Desanka Tasic-Dimov, Biljana Djordjevic, Vladisav Stefanovic

“…The realization of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) as a CSC-related disease has the potential to change approaches in the treatment of this devastating disease dramatically. The etiology and early events in the progression of these carcinomas are among the least understood of all major human malignancies. …”
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Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases: arthropathy and arthritis by Gulustan Hamid Sadygova

“…Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease represent the group of the diseases with unknown etiology encompassed by the term «inflammatory bowel diseases». …”
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Pituitary adenoma: important genetic factors and clinical diagnostic issues by G. Juknytė, E. Karinauskė, R. Liutkevičienė

“…It is thought to be a disease of multifactorial etiology, the occurrence of which is influenced by genetic factors, hormonal stimulation, and growth factors. …”
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Detection of Islet Cell Immune Reactivity with Low Glycemic Index Foods: Is This a Concern for Type 1 Diabetes? by Datis Kharrazian, Martha Herbert, Aristo Vojdani

“…Dietary management of autoimmune diabetes includes low glycemic foods classified from the glycemic index, but it does not consider the role that immunoreactive foods may play with the immunological etiology of the disease. We measured the reactivity of either monoclonal or polyclonal affinity-purified antibodies to insulin, insulin receptor alpha, insulin receptor beta, zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8), tyrosine phosphatase-based islet antigen 2 (IA2), and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 and 67 against 204 dietary proteins that are commonly consumed. …”
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Hepatoprotection by L-Ornithine L-Aspartate in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Roger F. Butterworth, Ali Canbay

“…L-ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA) has hepatoprotective properties in patients with fatty liver of diverse etiology and results of a multicenter randomized clinical trial reveal that 12 weeks treatment with oral LOLA (6–9 g/d) results in a dose-related reduction in activities of liver enzymes and triglycerides together with significant improvements of liver/spleen CT ratios. …”
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Clinical picture, diagnosis, and treatment of gingival cyst: A narrative review by Patrycja Tarka, Piotr Wlodarczyk, Daniel Hafzi, Peer Steinsvoll, Iwona Olszewska-Czyz

“…The aim of the review was to summarize knowledge about the etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of GCA available in scientific literature. …”
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PEDIATRIC ENTEROCOLITIS: CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES by Ginel Baciu, Carmen Baciu, Cristina Maria Mihai, Tatiana Chisnoiu, Ramona Mihaela Stoicescu, Adriana Luminita Balasa, Adriana Mocanu, Lorenza Forna, Alexandru Paul Baciu

“…Results: The prevalence declined with age: 183 infants, 67 patients were between 1 and 3 years old, 42 were aged 3 to 7, and the smallest group, 15 patients, were between 7 and 16 years old, and 201 of the 307 children did not receive the Rotarix or Rotateq vaccines, while 106 patients completed the full vaccination regimen. As for the etiology of the disease, 160 patients were diagnosed with acute viral enterocolitis, with 142 cases attributed to Rotavirus. …”
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RPL39 Was Associated With Sex Differences in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Haixia Wang, Ling Li, Guangyuan Zhou, Lu Wang, Zeang Wu

“…Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a malignant cardiovascular disease with a complex etiology, in which several types of cells play important roles. …”
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Global distribution of sporadic sapovirus infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis. by Marta Diez Valcarce, Anita K Kambhampati, Laura E Calderwood, Aron J Hall, Sara A Mirza, Jan Vinjé

“…Due to widespread use of real-time RT-PCR testing, sapovirus has been increasingly reported as the etiologic agent in both AGE outbreaks and sporadic AGE cases. …”
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Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Comprehensive Guide for Cosmetic Dermatologists by Marina Landau, Sofia M. Perez, Antonella Tosti

“…On the other hand, while exact etiology underlying FFA development remains unclear, some procedures including deep chemical peels and ablative laser therapies have been shown to induce facial scarring and are contraindicated in patients with FFA. …”
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A Consequence-Based Response Framework for More Resilient Shipping Amidst Growing Uncertainty by Helen Thanopoulou, Siri Pettersen Strandenes

“…Considering significant shipping incidents of various less or more uncommon etiologies, such as the capsizing of vessels, missile attacks on merchant ships or vessel-onto-bridge collisions, this conceptual paper puts forward a consequence-based approach for assessing and managing shocks in the maritime domain, especially the ones classified in the “unknown-unknowns” or “Black Swan” categories. …”
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Direct Midline Diastema Closure with Composite Layering Technique: A One-Year Follow-Up by Bora Korkut, Funda Yanikoglu, Dilek Tagtekin

“…Midline diastema has a multifactorial etiology such as labial frenulum, microdontia, mesiodens, peg-shaped lateral incisors, agenesis, cysts, habits such as finger sucking, tongue thrusting, or lip sucking, dental malformations, genetics, proclinations, dental-skeletal discrepancies, and imperfect coalescence of interdental septum. …”
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Prevalence of canine impaction among Kurdish people in Kurdistan region of Iraq. by Anees Mahmood Mudhir, Omar Fawzi Chawshli, Liqaa Jabur Hassan

“… Background and Objective: The permanent canine is the second most frequently impacted tooth following the third molars. The etiology of the impacted canine is ambiguous, but also multifactorial. …”
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Pulmonary Onset of Adult Onset Still’s Disease Complicated with Kikuchi Lymphadenitis by G. D. E. Kodithuwakku, C. L. Fonseka, S. Nanayakkara, H. M. M. Herath

“…Non-infective causes of pneumonitis should be suspected in the setting of poorly resolving pneumonias, especially when microbiological and serological investigations does not support an infective etiology. Presence of systemic symptoms with arthralgia, rash, and disproportionately elevated ferritin level supports the diagnosis of AOSD. …”
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Biochemical and Clinical Features of Insulinoma in a Patient with Turner Syndrome by Darius A. Schneider, M. Zare, F. Behnia, M. Matesan, T. Tylee

“…Histopathologic examination confirmed the neuroendocrine etiology of the tumor. This is, to our knowledge, the third report of TS and concomitant insulinoma. …”
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A Rare Case of HHV-8 Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Stable HIV Patient by Nonso Osakwe, Diane Johnson, Natalie Klein, Dalia Abdel Azim

“…HLH can occur at any stage of HIV, rapid diagnosis to identify possible underlying reactive infectious etiology and prompt initiation of treatment is crucial to survival.…”
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A Case of Relapsing Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease by Talayeh Rezayat, Matthew B. Carroll, Bryan C. Ramsey, Andria Smith

“…It is described as a benign syndrome most commonly involving cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, and night sweats. The etiology of KFD is unknown but it is thought to be triggered by an autoimmune or viral process with an exaggerated T-cell-mediated immune response. …”
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Role of Serotonin Neurons in L-DOPA- and Graft-Induced Dyskinesia in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease by Eunju Shin, Elisabetta Tronci, Manolo Carta

“…Interestingly, the 5-HT1A receptor agonist buspirone has been shown to suppress GID in these patients, suggesting that serotonin neurons might be involved in the etiology of GID as for LID. In this paper we will discuss the experimental and clinical evidence supporting the involvement of the serotonin system in both LID and GID.…”
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Cytomegalovirus Associated Duodenal Ulcer and Duodenitis in a Malnourished Pediatric Patient by Rachel Bernard, Ghanim Aljomah, Emily Klepper, Elizabeth McDonough

“…This case advocates for pediatricians to include immunodeficiency and infectious etiologies in their differential for malnourished patients in order to lead to earlier diagnosis and management of this treatable condition.…”
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