Novel Mutation in the PKHD1 Gene Diagnosed Prenatally in a Fetus with Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease by Pankaj Thakur, Paul Speer, Aleksandar Rajkovic

“…Our case highlights PKHD1 allelic heterogeneity and the importance of genetic testing in the prenatal setting where many other genetic etiologies can phenocopy ARPKD.…”
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Diphenhydramine as a Cause of Drug-Induced Liver Injury by Yunseok Namn, Yecheskel Schneider, Isabelle H. Cui, Arun Jesudian

“…A thorough workup of liver injury ruled out viral hepatitis (including A, B, C, and E), autoimmune, toxic, ischemic, and metabolic etiologies including Wilson’s disease. A liver biopsy was consistent with DILI without evidence of iron or copper deposition. …”
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Orbital ameloblastoma: research and challenges of a rare benign tumor by Rui Zhang, Xiaoming Huang, Fengyuan Sun, Tong Wu

“…With more and more cases and related research being reported, it is necessary to comprehensively review the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of orbital ameloblastoma, in order to enhance ophthalmologists' understanding and diagnostic and treatment skills of this disease, and ultimately improve patients' prognosis and quality of life.…”
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Internal Tremor in Long COVID May Be a Symptom of Dysautonomia and Small Fiber Neuropathy by Svetlana Blitshteyn, Ilene S. Ruhoy, Lauren R. Natbony, David S. Saperstein

“…Similarly, physicians are typically perplexed by the nature and etiology of IT and find it extremely challenging to manage. …”
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Three MYO15A Mutations Identified in One Chinese Family with Autosomal Recessive Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss by Fengguo Zhang, Lei Xu, Yun Xiao, Jianfeng Li, Xiaohui Bai, Haibo Wang

“…Hearing impairment is one of the most common sensory disease, of which more than 50% is attributed to a genetic etiology. The goal of this research is to explore the genetic cause of a Chinese deafness pedigree who was excluded of GJB2, SLC26A4, or MtDNA12SrRNA variants. …”
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Punicalagin attenuated allergic airway inflammation via regulating IL4/IL-4Rα/STAT6 and Notch- GATA3 pathways by Yu Li, Li Jianying

“…Allergic asthma is an inflammatory disease of the airways which has a complex etiology. Punicalagin, a major polyphenol present in pomegranates, is reported to possess various biological properties including antioxidant and antiproliferative effects. …”
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“I’m Seeing Dead People”: A Case Report on Salicylate Poisoning in a Patient with Hallucinations by Jessica Meyers, Sean McCormick, Phillip D. Levy, Michael J. Twiner

“…Conclusion: This case serves as a reminder for physicians to have a high index of suspicion for chronic toxicities including salicylates in patients who present as acute psychosis or altered mental status of unknown etiology.…”
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Toxoplasma Uveitis by Mildre Mercedes Vidal del Río, Gabriela Alexandra Villacis Paredes, Karen Daniela Salazar Pullutacsi, Génesis Camila Romero Paredes

“…Toxoplasma uveitis is very common, and for this reason it is extremely important to publicize the etiology of this disease and how to prevent it, since having knowledge of the risk factors is essential to avoid this pathology.…”
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The Role of PCR in Diagnosis of a Rare Appendicular Tuberculosis and Mini Literature Review by Asmerom Tesfamariam Sengal, Ahmed Abdalla Mohamedani, Hanan Hasaan Hussein, Alaa Kamal

“…As there are numerous differential diagnoses in granulomatous lesions of appendix and due to the fact that appendicular tuberculosis is a rare phenomenon; verification etiologic agent is crucial for appropriate management of the disease.…”
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SUBSCAPULAR INJURY: PROSPECTIVE COMPARISON OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION, MRI AND ARTHROSCOPY by Hélio Gonçalves Ribeiro Filho, José Rodrigo Da Silva Ferreira, Flávio Wildon Dantas, Rodrigo De Araújo Santa Ritta

“…Abstract Rotator cuff injury is the most frequent etiology of shoulder pain, with 24% of these injuries involving the subscapular tendon. …”
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Sagittal Craniosynostosis with Uncommon Anatomical Pathologies in a 56-Year-Old Male Cadaver by Andrey Frolov, Craig Lawson, Joshua Olatunde, James T. Goodrich, John R. Martin III

“…There is still much to be learned about the etiology of CS. Here, we report a case of 56-year-old male cadaver that we describe as sagittal CS with torus palatinus being an additional anomaly. …”
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AI-Based Advanced Approaches and Dry Eye Disease Detection Based on Multi-Source Evidence: Cases, Applications, Issues, and Future Directions by Mini Han Wang, Lumin Xing, Yi Pan, Feng Gu, Junbin Fang, Xiangrong Yu, Chi Pui Pang, Kelvin Kam-Lung Chong, Carol Yim-Lui Cheung, Xulin Liao, Xiaoxiao Fang, Jie Yang, Ruoyu Zhou, Xiaoshu Zhou, Fengling Wang, Wenjian Liu

“…Despite the promising opportunities, challenges such as diverse diagnostic evidence, complex etiology, and interdisciplinary knowledge integration impede the interpretability, reliability, and applicability of AI-based DED detection methods. …”
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Herpes Simplex Virus Hepatitis in an Immunocompetent Host Resembling Hepatic Pyogenic Abscesses by Carrie Down, Amit Mehta, Gayle Salama, Erika Hissong, Russell Rosenblatt, Michael Cantor, David Helfgott, Kristen Marks

“…Given its high mortality and nonspecific presentation, one should consider HSV hepatitis in all patients with acute hepatitis with multifocal hepatic lesions of unknown etiology. Of special note, this is only the second reported case of HSV liver lesions mimicking pyogenic abscesses on CT and MRI.…”
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Safety and Efficacy of Insulin and Heparin in the Management of Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Pancreatitis in a Patient without Diabetes: A Case Report by Luis Tolento Cortes, Jessica Trinh, Mimi Le, Philip Papayanis, Leah Tudtud-Hans, Lisa Hong

“…The management of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis (HTGIP) is focused on the lowering of triglyceride (TG) levels, and the efficacy of therapies for the management of HTGIP may vary based on the hypertriglyceridemia etiology. The aim of this article is to report a case of a 43-year-old female with a history of familial hypertriglyceridemia and without diabetes who was admitted for acute pancreatitis with a TG level elevated to 4,435 mg/dL. …”
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Actigraphic Recording of Manic Symptoms Induced by Methylphenidate by Tuuli Lahti, Sami Leppämäki, Pekka Tani, Timo Partonen

“…Disruptions of the sleep-wake cycle are probably important etiologic factors in mood disorders, especially bipolar disorder. …”
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The Role of Neuroglia in the Development and Progression of Schizophrenia by Neha S. Rawani, Allen W. Chan, Kathryn G. Todd, Glen B. Baker, Serdar M. Dursun

“…The theories developed to explain the etiology of schizophrenia have focused largely on the dysfunction of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin and glutamate with their receptors, although research in the past several decades has indicated strongly that other factors are also involved and that the role of neuroglial cells in psychotic disorders including schizophrenia should be given more attention. …”
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The role of the early-life gut microbiome in childhood asthma by Ulrika Boulund, Jonathan Thorsen, Urvish Trivedi, Kaare Tranæs, Jie Jiang, Shiraz A. Shah, Jakob Stokholm

“…Asthma is a chronic disease affecting millions of children worldwide, and in severe cases requires hospitalization. The etiology of asthma is multifactorial, caused by both genetic and environmental factors. …”
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Frontotemporal Dementia, Manifested as Schizophrenia, with Decreased Heterochromatin on Chromosome 1 by Philippos Gourzis, Maria Skokou, Panagiotis Polychronopoulos, Evanthia Soubasi, Irene-Eva Triantaphyllidou, Christos Aravidis, Antonia-Ioanna Sarela, Zoe Kosmaidou

“…Frontotemporal dementia is a disorder of complex etiology, with genetic components contributing to the disease. …”
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Metastatic Prostate Cancer to the Left Temporal Bone: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Erynne A. Faucett, Hal Richins, Rihan Khan, Abraham Jacob

“…This case (1) demonstrates that a high index of suspicion for unusual etiologies of seemingly benign symptoms must be maintained in elderly patients having prior history of cancer and (2) substantiates the value of temporal bone imaging when diagnosis may be unclear from history and physical exam.…”
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Ultrasound, Echocardiography, MRI, and Genetic Analysis of a Fetus with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia and Partial 11q Trisomy by Yolanda Fernández-Perea, Lutgardo García-Díaz, Javier Sánchez, Guillermo Antiñolo, Salud Borrego

“…CDH is a developmental defect whose etiology is heterogeneous and takes place when the pleuroperitoneal folds and septum transversum fail to converge and fuse. …”
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