A Challenging Diagnosis of Ascites: A Case Report of Peritoneal Tuberculosis by Jose Ruiz, Maedeh Ganji, Catarina Canha, Carmen Isache

“…Ascites was noted on physical exam, and the patient underwent a diagnostic paracentesis with initial workup that was unrevealing for underlying etiology. Abdominal computed tomography was done, which revealed peritoneal carcinomatosis. …”
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Molecular and Cellular Pathways Contributing to Joint Damage in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Qinghua Fang, Chun Zhou, Kutty Selva Nandakumar

“…Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune syndrome associated with several genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors affecting the articular joints contributing to cartilage and bone damage. Although etiology of this disease is not clear, several immune pathways, involving immune (T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils) and nonimmune (fibroblasts and chondrocytes) cells, participate in the secretion of many proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, proteases (MMPs, ADAMTS), and other matrix lysing enzymes that could disturb the immune balance leading to cartilage and bone damage. …”
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DENTAL ANXIETY – A PSYCHOSOCIAL CAUSE AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF LIFE – A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW by Andreea Sălcudean, Laria-Maria Trușculescu, Ramona Amina Popovici, Nicoleta Șerb, Ciprian Pașca, Cristina Raluca Bodo, Ramona Elena Crăciun, Iustin Olariu

“…Moreover, the paper highlights the biological and psychological aspects of anxiety in dental treatment, describing also the main elements regarding the etiology of dental anxiety. The implications of dental anxiety extend beyond individual experiences; they can affect broader societal health outcomes. …”
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The Genetics of Alzheimer’s Disease by Robert C. Barber

“…Heritability of this form of the disease is high (79%), but the etiology is driven by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. …”
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The silent menace: Worm bezoar causing acute intestinal obstruction by Shiva Shiva, Sahil Kumar, Pankaj Singh, Sanjeev Kumar, Suresh Kumar

“…In contrast to developed nations, where the usual causes of obstruction are adhesions, strictures, and metabolic derangements, infective etiologies, like tuberculosis and parasitic infestations, are more common in developing countries. …”
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Otomycosis by Yan Edward, Dolly Irfandy

“…From laboratory examination, Aspergillus<br />niger was isolated as etiologic agent. With the treatment of ear toilet and combination of Gentian violet an<br />improvement was observed.…”
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Nutritional Factors Related to Canine Gallbladder Diseases—A Scoping Review by Fabio Alves Teixeira, Kathleen Moira Aicher, Ricardo Duarte

“…Gallbladder mucocele, cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, and cholecystitis are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality in dogs. The exact etiology of these conditions remains poorly understood, though various factors, such as endocrinopathies, dyslipidemia, and impaired gallbladder motility, have been suggested as potential contributors. …”
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Periodontal Disease Behavior in Children and Adolescents with Diabetes in Cienfuegos in 2008 by Arasay Calzada Bandomo, Esther María Castillo Betancourt

“…<strong>Background: </strong>chronic inflammatory periodontal diseases are a set of entities of multifactorial etiology. Diabetes mellitus is one of the conditions with a great impact on the periodontium and its interaction with microorganisms. …”
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A Case of Growth Hormone Use in Dyggve–Melchior–Clausen Syndrome by Ravi Upadhyay, Claire Ruane, Rachel Umans, Beth A. Pletcher, Aditi Khokhar, Kristin Wong

“…Recombinant growth hormone (rGH) therapy may be employed to improve stature based on the underlying etiology and growth velocity. Skeletal dysplasia in Dyggve–Melchior–Clausen (DMC) syndrome tends to be progressive, typically with hip involvement, and ultimately leads to bilateral dislocation of the hip joints. …”
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NF-κB Inhibitory Activity of the Di-Hydroxy Derivative of Piperlongumine (PL-18) by Yael Schlichter Kadosh, Subramani Muthuraman, Ariel Kushmaro, Rajendran Saravana Kumar, Jacob Gopas

“…Due to the complex and multifactorial etiology of chronic inflammation, effective treatment remains elusive. …”
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Sarcopenia: A Major Challenge in Elderly Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease by Maciej Domański, Kazimierz Ciechanowski

“…Sarcopenia is a condition of multifaceted etiology arising in many elderly people. In patients with chronic kidney, the loss of muscle mass is much more intensive and the first signs of sarcopenia are observed in younger patients than it is expected. …”
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Integrative approach in management of recurrent pilonidal sinus in a rare case of polycythemia vera by Komal Dhalani, Tukaram Dudhamal, Yogesh Meghani

“…Preoperative blood investigations revealed that the patient had polycythemia vera with idiopathic etiology. The patient was advised for phlebotomy and then excision of the tract of the pilonidal sinus was done under local anesthesia. …”
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Functional Analysis of Behavior and Its Clinical Application by Kaasim Fatih Yavuz, Furkan Bahadir Alptekin

“…Many approaches to psychology and psychiatry have tried to explain behaviors etiologically. Functional contextualism, followed by radical behaviorism, and its application functional analysis of behavior can be considered as an alternative to mainstream approaches. …”
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Non-metric variations in individuals who died during the perinatal period in past populations: recording protocol and comparative data by Caroline Partiot, Dominique Castex, Valérie Delattre, Bruno Maureille, Mark Guillon

“…Non-metric variations, also referred to as "epigenetic variations" or asymptomatic bone variants, are bone or dental phenotypic variants of unknown origin, with no known pathological etiology. They are classically identified during osteological analysis to develop an individual profile, analyse biological affinities between individuals and outline possible genetic relatedness clusters in burial spaces. …”
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From memory impairment to two occluders in the heart – a multidisciplinary case report by A. Wiśniewski, K. Filipska, A. Ekkert

“…It is considered of ischemic, epileptogenic, or venous origin. The etiology is uncertain, although hipertension, hiperlipidemia, and ischemic heart disease are considered as possible mechanisms. …”
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Genotype-Based Bayesian Analysis of Gene-Environment Interactions with Multiple Genetic Markers and Misclassification in Environmental Factors by Iryna Lobach, Ruzong Fan

“…A key component to understanding etiology of complex diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, alcohol dependence, is to investigate gene-environment interactions. …”
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A Case Series of Vaping-Induced Lung Injury in a Community Hospital Setting by Mohammed Ali, Kashmala Khan, Mihir Buch, Manuel Ramos- Ramirez, Munish Sharma, Seema Patel, Saiara Choudhury, Humayun Anjum, Alamgir Khan, Salim Surani

“…Research looking into other possible constituents in E-cigarettes that can account for the etiology of disease and effects of vaping as it relates to pulmonary physiology still remains limited and uncertain. …”
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Rapid Hip Osteoarthritis Development in a Patient with Anterior Acetabular Cyst with Sagittal Alignment Change by Yasuhiro Homma, Tomonori Baba, Nobuhiko Sumiyoshi, Hironori Ochi, Hideo Kobayashi, Mikio Matsumoto, Takahito Yuasa, Kazuo Kaneko

“…We think that there is the case of rapid osteoarthritis developing due to alternating load concentration by posterior pelvic tilt on preexisting anterior acetabular cyst such as our patient among the cases diagnosed as RDC without any identifiable etiology. The recognition of sagittal alignment changes and anterior acetabular cyst may play important role in prediction and prevention of the rapid hip osteoarthritis development similar to RDC.…”
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Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: A Diagnostic Challenge in the Oral Cavity by Mehmet Ali Altay, Alper Sindel, Öznur Özalp, Burak Kocabalkan, İrem Hicran Özbudak, Ramazan Erdem, Ozan Salim, Dale A. Baur

“…Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder of the reticuloendothelial system with unknown etiology. This report aims to present a case of LCH with diffuse involvement of the oral cavity and to raise awareness of the distinguishing features of this diagnostically challenging entity. …”
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Genetic and Biochemical Alterations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Jackie L. Johnson, Smitha Pillai, Srikumar P. Chellappan

“…Recent advances in the detection of genetic alterations in patient samples along with physiologically relevant animal models has yielded a new understanding of the molecular etiology of lung cancer. This has facilitated the development of potent and specific targeted therapies, based on the genetic and biochemical alterations present in the tumor, especially non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). …”
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