First detection of fungal diversity associated with Prunus salicina Lindl malformation syndrome by Dan Huang, Po Pu, Xiaosi He, Mingxian Lan, Bang Du, Lixia Zhu, Qian Li, Yongli Yang, Rui Xiang, Longzhang Wang, Guizhen Li, Rongjiao Wang

“…These findings provide valuable insights for further research on the etiology of plum bud diseases, identifying potential pathogens, and formulating control strategies.…”
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Tendon Graft and Platelet Concentrate for Chronic Achilles Tendon Rupture. A Case Report by Yovanny Ferrer Lozano, Pablo Oquendo Vázquez, Yanett Morejón Trofimova, Daniel Díaz Torres

“…Ruptures can be partial or complete and their etiology is multifactorial. We present the case of a 63-year-old woman who attended the Orthopedics service because of discomfort when walking that had been present for several months and persistent pain in his right heel related to an acetonide triamcinolone injection into the back of the calcaneus. …”
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Kawasaki disease. Atypical presentation in a pediatric patient by Annet Ramos Plasencia, Bich Ngoc Vu Thi

“…Kawasaki disease (KD) is a mucocutaneous syndrome characterized by vasculitis that affects medium vessels; its main manifestation is an acute febrile syndrome lasting at least five days and often of unknown etiology. It appears mainly in children under five years of age, it is considered to be frequent, but there are underreportings. …”
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Pelvic Desmoid Tumor: A Rare Case with Difficult Diagnosis and Treatment by Mariana Ormonde, Despoina Argyropoulou, Cândida Lourenço, João Bastos, Ana Quintas

“…Still, the majority of cases are sporadic and its etiology is still unknown. These tumors may occur in any body site, but retroperitoneal and pelvic desmoid tumors are extremely rare. …”
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Spontaneous splenic rupture associated with Q fever and portal hypertension: A case report by Cecil Mustafiz, Cecil Mustafiz, Deloshaan Subhaharan, Deloshaan Subhaharan, Daniel Chorley, Tariq Masood

“…This case underlines the critical need to consider rare etiologies, offers valuable insights into the pathogenesis of SSR, and emphasizes the importance of early recognition and multidisciplinary management. …”
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Analysis of ginseng rusty root symptoms transcriptome and its pathogenesis directed by reactive oxygen species theory by Pengcheng Yu, Xiaowen Song, Wei Zhang, Yao Yao, Junling Ren, Liyang Wang, Wenfei Liu, Zhaoping Meng, Xiangcai Meng

“…GRS prevention and control is still challenging due to its unclear etiology. In this study, the phloem tissue of healthy Panax ginseng (AG), the nonred tissue of the phloem epidermis around the lesion (BG), and the red lesion site tissue of GRS (CG) were extracted for mRNA transcriptomic analysis; 35,958 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and were associated with multiple stress resistance pathways, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and iron ion binding. …”
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Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation Causing Systemic Hypoxemia in Early Infancy by V. Aggarwal, D. M. Khan, J. F. Rhodes

“…We aim to emphasize the importance of a high index of suspicion for pulmonary AVM in infants with refractory systemic hypoxemia of unclear etiology.…”
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Prematurity-Related Hypertension in Children and Adolescents by Karolina Poplawska, Karolina Dudek, Maja Koziarz, Dominik Cieniawski, Tomasz Drozdz, Sylwester Smialek, Dorota Drozdz, Przemko Kwinta

“…It has been proven that hypertension occurs more often in former preterm infants; however the etiologic pathways that cause this condition still remain unclear. …”
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Spontaneous Intraperitoneal Rupture of Bladder Diverticulum: A Rare Cause of Peritonitis by Ahmed Ibrahimi, Adil Kallat, Idriss Ziani, Hachem El Sayegh, Lounis Benslimane, Yassine Nouini

“…Spontaneous rupture of acquired bladder diverticulum in an adult patient is an extremely rare pathological entity with only 15 cases reported in the available literature. Etiologies are dominated by bladder outlet obstruction, represented mainly by benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) in elderly men. …”
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Hepatosplenic Abscesses and Osteomyelitis of the Spine in an Immunocompetent Adult with Cat Scratch Disease by D. Knafl, F. Lötsch, H. Burgmann, G. Goliasch, W. Poeppl, M. Ramharter, F. Thalhammer, C. Schuster

“…All specific laboratory investigations for identification of a specific etiology, including blood cultures and autoantibodies, were inconspicuous. …”
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Treatment of Atypical Bifid Mandibular Condyle Associated with Ankylosis of the Temporomandibular Joint by Katheleen Miranda, André Sander Carneiro, Jennifer Tsi Gerber, Suyany Gabriely Weiss, Leandro Eduardo Klüppel, Rafaela Scariot

“…The bifid mandibular condyle (BMC) is an unusual temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder with controversial etiology. The association of this entity with ankylosis is rare. …”
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Surgical Treatment of Posttraumatic Radioulnar Synostosis by S. Pfanner, P. Bigazzi, C. Casini, C. De Angelis, M. Ceruso

“…The formation of a bony bridge induces functional disability due to limitation of the pronosupination. Although the etiology of posttraumatic synostosis is unknown, it seems that the incidence is higher in patients who have suffered a concomitant neurological or burn trauma, and extensive soft tissue injury, mainly due to high-energy impact. …”
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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnostics and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment by Patrycja S. Matusik, Katarzyna Mikrut, Amira Bryll, Tadeusz J. Popiela, Paweł T. Matusik

“…Moreover, CMR tagging and feature tracking techniques might improve cardiovascular risk stratification in patients with different etiologies of left ventricular dysfunction. This review summarizes the knowledge about the current role of CMR in diagnostics and cardiovascular risk assessment to enable more personalized approach in clinical decision making.…”
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Innate and Adaptive Cell Populations Driving Inflammation in Dry Eye Disease by José L. Reyes, Danielle T. Vannan, Bertus Eksteen, Imelda Juárez Avelar, Tonathiu Rodríguez, Marisol Ibet González, Alicia Vázquez Mendoza

“…The gap in our knowledge of the etiology of primary DED is in part because the majority of research in DED focused on secondary autoimmune causes. …”
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HSCT-GAVE as a Manifestation of Chronic Graft versus Host Disease: A Case Report and Review of the Existing Literature by Michael J. Grant, Mitchell E. Horwitz

“…Interestingly, a busulfan-containing conditioning regimen has been the primary factor implicated in the etiology of HSCT-GAVE because this was common to all cases in the literature to date. …”
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Perfusion Imaging in Autoimmune Encephalitis by Deepak Vallabhaneni, Muhammad Atif Naveed, Rajiv Mangla, Awss Zidan, Rashi I. Mehta

“…Workup for infectious etiologies was negative and MRI of the brain displayed focal restricted diffusion with corresponding T2-FLAIR hyperintensity involving gray matter structures, making the diagnosis unclear. …”
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Therapeutic potential of probiotic Lactobacillus spp. Fermented Talinum triangulare on Helicobacter pylori associated gastrointestinal infectious disorders by En-Su Chang, Cheng-Yi Hsu, Jui-Chen Li, Rajni Dubey, Wei-Chih Kan, Ming-Jen Sheu, Chia-Hui Cheng, Chia-Yu Chang, Chin-Chia Hsu, Jiunn-Jye Chuu

“…Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is one of the most common etiologies of gastrointestinal disorders. Considering the inadequacies and adverse impacts of antibiotic therapies, a potential treatment for H. pylori infection is the need of the hour. …”
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Severe Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Pregnancy Mimicking HELLP Syndrome by Shravya Govindappagari, Michelle Nguyen, Megha Gupta, Ramy M. Hanna, Richard M. Burwick

“…When hemolysis and thrombocytopenia persisted after delivery, testing was performed to rule out other etiologies of thrombotic microangiopathy, including atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and vitamin B12 deficiency. …”
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Painless esophageal rupture in the second stage of labor presenting as surgical emphysema of the neck: a case report by Thomas Hussey, Serena Banh, Stavroula L. Kastora, Hemant Vakharia

“…Abstract Background Pneumomediastinum in pregnancy has been described in around 200 cases, with an incidence of 1:100,000 pregnancies. The etiology is presumed to be either alveolar barotrauma secondary to the Valsalva maneuver (Hamman’s syndrome) during the second stage of labor, or spontaneous esophageal rupture (Boerhaave’s syndrome). …”
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Diagnosis of a Morgagni-Stewart-Morel Syndrome in a Patient with Ischemic Stroke. Report of a Case by Masleidy Valladares Valle, Juan Ibrahim García Leonard, Ada Sánchez Lozano

“…Morgagni-Stewart-Morel syndrome is a rare disease characterized by bilateral internal frontal hyperostosis associated with metabolic and psychiatric disorders, arterial hypertension, and dysfunction of the cranial nerves of undefined etiology. The case of a 77-year-old patient with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, systemic arterial hypertension and psychiatric disorder, who was admitted to the Neurology Service of the Dr. …”
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