A case of possible Kounis syndrome as a complication of scombroid syndrome by Stefano Rusconi, Antonio Villa

“…Recently, a variety of unusual etiologies have been reported, including scombroid syndrome. …”
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An Approach to Iron-Deficiency Anemia by Imran Rasul, Gabor P Kandel

“…The present article provides a broad overview of iron-deficiency anemia, with particular emphasis on hematological diagnosis, etiology, the use of endoscopy in identifying lesions and iron-repletion therapy. …”
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From Waves to Diagnoses: Decoding Electrocardiogram for Improved Cardiac Care by Sharanya Varaganti, Rajaputana Lakshmi Manisha, Sudhakar Muvvala

“…Specific criteria for identifying abnormalities in each section are provided, along with their associated etiologies and clinical implications. Furthermore, the limitations of ECG as a diagnostic tool are acknowledged, emphasizing the need for clinical correlation and consideration of additional tests. …”
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Genetics of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in African Americans by Shana McCormack, Struan F. A. Grant

“…Despite these important considerations and the challenges of conducting this work, population-based approaches for investigating the etiology of obesity and T2D may yield useful information about the pathophysiology of disease, and have implications that extend to all affected individuals. …”
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Impact of Congenital Heart Disease on Brain Development and Neurodevelopmental Outcome by Mary T. Donofrio, An N. Massaro

“…Neurologic abnormalities detectable prior to surgery will be described. Potential etiologies of these findings will be discussed, including altered fetal intrauterine growth, cerebral blood flow and brain development, associated congenital brain abnormalities, and risk for postnatal brain injury. …”
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Maternal Bradycardia Associated with Betamethasone Administration During Pregnancy by Mojirayo A. Sarumi, James W. Hole, Robert B. Gherman

“…Consultation with the cardio-electrophysiology service revealed no other apparent etiologies for the sinus bradycardia. Due to the asymptomatic nature of the maternal bradycardia, pharmacologic interventions were not recommended. …”
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Optic neuritis: relation between inflammatory genetic markers and occurrence of the disease by V. Punytė, R. Liutkevičienė

“… Optic neuritis (ON) is characterized as an inflammation of the optic nerve. Based on etiology, ON is classified to typical and atypical forms. …”
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Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole-Induced Aseptic Meningitis: A Rare Presentation of Commonly Used Antibiotic by Salem Agabawi

“…Investigations did not reveal an infectious etiology in the two presentations. The patient improved with supportive care and withdrawal of the offending agent. …”
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Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia of Buccal Mucosa Masquerading as Mucocele - A Case Report by Deepak Pandiar, Reshma Poothakulath Krishnan, Aklesha Behera, Pratibha Ramani

“…These sites are coincidently subjected to continuous minor trauma, which led the researchers to opine that IPEH could have a traumatic etiology with a further role of fibroblast growth factors. …”
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Anesthesia Management of a Liver Transplant Recipient with Remimazolam by Takashi Kawasaki, Takafumi Oyoshi, Naoyuki Hirata

“…A 54-year-old woman who was diagnosed with Child-Pugh C cirrhosis of unknown etiology was scheduled for living donor liver transplantation. …”
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Pancreatic Stones: Treat or Ignore? by DA Howell

“…Painful, chronic pancreatitis is of complex etiology, but increasing clinical experience suggests that removal of pancreatic duct stones in many cases significantly improves patients’ symptoms. …”
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De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis Virally Exacerbated by SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Infections: A Case Report by Maria Gergoudis, Logan Laubach, Glenn E. Lee, Jeffrey R. Donowitz

“…Symptoms recurred during an influenza infection and were subsequently treated with a first dorsal compartment release. The etiology of De Quervain’s tenosynovitis remains unclear. …”
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Recurrent Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with the Initial Manifestation of Retinal Involvement by Wan-Ting Yeh, Jen-Tsun Lin*

“…Then, she received a retinal biopsy to confirm the etiology, and the pathology report revealed necrosis with atypical lymphocytes with CD20 positivity. …”
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Seizure-Induced Hemoptysis in a Pediatric Patient by Ritika Nangia, Margaret Kahwaty, Ashutosh Sachdeva, Nidhi Kotwal

“…The diagnostic workup for etiology of the hemoptysis was unrevealing and he was ultimately treated for neurogenic pulmonary edema as a diagnosis of exclusion. …”
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Innovative IOP-Independent Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration Strategies in the Pipeline for Glaucoma by James C. Tsai

“…While sustained reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) has been shown to halt and/or delay the progressive death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in glaucoma, there exists great interest in the development and validation of IOP-independent therapeutic strategies for neuroprotection and/or neuroregeneration. Multiple etiologies for RGC death have been implicated in glaucoma including defective axonal transport, ischemia, excitotoxicity, reactive oxygen species, trophic factor withdrawal, and loss of RGC electrical activity. …”
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A Case of Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome with Crescents Caused by a Novel Compound Heterozygous Pairing of NPHS1 Genetic Variants by Kyle N. Goodman, Pongpratch Puapatanakul, Kevin T. Barton, Mai He, Jeffrey H. Miner, Joseph P. Gaut

“…Defects in the glomerular filtration mechanism are the primary etiology. We present a child who developed severe nephrotic syndrome at two weeks of age and eventually required a bilateral nephrectomy. …”
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Contemporary treatment of right ventricular failure by Bibhuti B. Das, MD, Shashi Raj, MD, FAAP, FACC

“…This review explores the etiology, mechanisms, and pathophysiology of RVF, drugs directly targeting the RV myocardium, the intricate biological processes between RV and pulmonary vascular remodeling, surgical and device therapies, and future perspectives on managing RVF.…”
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Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema Syndrome: A New Phenotype within the Spectrum of Smoking-Related Interstitial Lung Disease by Karina Portillo, Josep Morera

“…Tobacco smoking has been proposed as the main factor in its etiology, though the pathophysiology and its natural history remain to be determined. …”
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Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension Treated with a Targeted CT-Guided Epidural Blood Patch by Inês Correia, Inês Brás Marques, Rogério Ferreira, Miguel Cordeiro, Lívia Sousa

“…It is thought to be due to spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, which probably have a multifactorial etiology. The classic manifestation of SIH is an orthostatic headache, but other neurological symptoms may be present. …”
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Rare Case of Spinal Neurosarcoidosis with Concomitant Epidural Lipomatosis by Nesreen Jaafar, Maria Khoueiry, Samia J. Khoury, Achraf Makki

“…We describe a case of progressive myelitis in the presence of concomitant spinal neurosarcoidosis and epidural lipomatosis which was a challenging diagnosis with complete response to treatment after addressing both diseases. Both etiologies are inflammatory in nature and share similar expression of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-1β. …”
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