Syphilitic optic neuritis and uveitis – case report by Karolina Bonińska, Hanna Sobutka, Dagmara Mrowicka, Michał Post, Tomasz Dybek, Maciej Bednarski, Sławomir Cisiecki

“…Considering the rising global incidence of syphilis and the non-specific ocular manifestations it may present, the diagnosis should be considered in patients with ocular inflammatory conditions of unknown etiology.…”
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A Case of Persistent Hypoglycemia: Emphasizing the Role of Kidneys by Praveen Govindaraju, Mohammed Fahad Khan, Rohan Augustine, Hebri Sudarshan Ballal

“…In patients with underlying comorbidities, hypoglycemia is usually straightforward and may be multifactorial in etiology. A particularly vulnerable population is patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). …”
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Granulomatous Hepatitis in Association with Fever and a Palmar Rash by Desmond J Leddin, James A Barrowman

“…Secondary syphilis may present in association with granulomatous hepatitis and serological testing should be performed if the etiology of the hepatic granulomas is unclear. While the finding of a disproportionate elevation of alkaline phosphatase relative to serum bilirubin may be a useful pointer towards the diagnosis this pattern is not specific and not consistently observed. …”
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The NT-ProBNP Test in Subjects with End-Stage Renal Disease on Hemodialysis Presenting with Acute Dyspnea: Is Knowing Worth the Cost? by Shaffer R. S. Mok, Jose Avila, Barry Milcarek, Richard Kasama

“…The NT-ProBNP/BNP test has been validated as a marker for determining the etiology of acute dyspnea. In the setting of end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis (ESRD on HD), the utility of the NT-ProBNP/BNP test has not been validated. …”
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Factors Associated with Mortality in Severe Acute Cholangitis in a Moroccan Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Analysis of 140 Cases by Soumaya Touzani, Abderrahim El Bouazzaoui, Fatima Bouyarmane, Kaoutar Faraj, Nawfal Houari, Brahim Boukatta, Nabil Kanjaa

“…Sex ratio M/F was 0.59. Lithiasis etiology was dominant (69%). SOFA average score upon admission was 8. …”
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Injuries in Left Corticospinal Tracts, Forceps Major, and Left Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus (Temporal) as the Quality Indicators for Major Depressive Disorder by Ziwei Liu, Lijun Kang, Aixia Zhang, Chunxia Yang, Min Liu, Jizhi Wang, Penghong Liu, Kerang Zhang, Ning Sun

“…At present, the etiology and pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) are still not clear. …”
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Disorders of Adipose Tissue and Lipodystrophies: Causes, Consequences, and Treatment Perspectives by Rosińska Kamila Rosińska, Ewelina Justyna Janicka, Julia Natalia Skibicka, Monika Niedźwiedzka, Mateusz Rosiński

“…The paper discusses the classification of lipodystrophies by etiology and fat loss extent, including generalized and partial forms, both congenital and acquired. …”
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Long-Term Results of the Etiotropic Therapy of Subcompensed Liver Cirrhosis in the Outcome of Chronic Hepatitis C by P. O. Bogomolov, A. O. Bueverov, V. E. Bakirova, E. O. Lyusina, E. A. Fedosyina, S. V. Koblov, O. V. Sumtsova

“…AVT in patients with LC of HCV etiology is associated with a high frequency of virologic response. …”
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Factors Affecting Health-Related Quality of Life and Physical Activity after Liver Transplantation for Autoimmune and Nonautoimmune Liver Diseases: A Prospective, Single Centre Stu... by Katarzyna Kotarska, Ewa Wunsch, Agnieszka Kempińska-Podhorodecka, Joanna Raszeja-Wyszomirska, Dimitrios P. Bogdanos, Maciej Wójcicki, Piotr Milkiewicz

“…The autoimmune etiology of liver disease does not influence HRQoL and physical activity after LTx.…”
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Altered Hemodynamics Associated with Pathogenesis of the Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysms by Akira Kurata, Sachio Suzuki, Kazuhisa Iwamoto, Kuniaki Nakahara, Katsutoshi Abe, Madoka Inukai, June Niki, Makoto Sasaki, Kiyotaka Fujii, Shingo Konno, Shinichi Kan, Kazuaki Fukasaku

“…The etiology of the vertebral dissecting aneurysms is largely unknown, and they frequently occurs in relatively healthy young men. …”
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Evaluation of the potential value of artificial intelligence (AI) in public health using fluoride intake as the example by Wei Wei, Tianshu Gu, Yanhong Cao, Shuqiu Sun, Dan Wei, Minghui Li, Alyce D. Fly, Weikuan Gu, Lan Yao, Dianjun Sun

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Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Interdisciplinary Management of a Rare Disease by Sven Schneider, Dietmar Thurnher, Boban M. Erovic

“…Management of this rare but highly aggressive skin cancer is a complex undertaking that necessitates an understanding of its etiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, and the coordinated work of several clinical specializations. …”
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Uterine Tumor Resembling Ovarian Sex Cord Tumors Type II with Vaginal Vault Recurrence by Oriana Marrucci, Paola Nicoletti, Alessandro Mauriello, Simone Facchetti, Lodovico Patrizi, Carlo Ticconi, Francesco Sesti, Emilio Piccione

“…UTROSCTs (Uterine Tumors Resembling Ovarian Sex Cord Tumors) are rare neoplasms of unknown etiology usually occurring in middle-aged women. Less than 100 cases of UTROSCT have been reported so far. …”
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Evidence of Acute Mycoplasma Infection in a Patient with Incomplete and Atypical Kawasaki Disease: A Case Report by M. Ebrahim, M. Gabay, R. F. Rivas-Chacon

“…The etiology of Kawasaki disease remains unknown despite extensive studies. …”
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Primary Hyperparathyroidism: An Overview by Jessica MacKenzie-Feder, Sandra Sirrs, Donald Anderson, Jibran Sharif, Aneal Khan

“…In this paper we will review the basic physiology of calcium homeostasis and then consider genetic associations as well as common etiologies and presentations of primary hyperparathyroidism. …”
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Embryologic Association of Tornwaldt's Cyst with Cerebral Artery Abnormalities and Infarction: A Case Report by Michael F. Osborn, Benjamin K. Buchanan, Nassim Akle, Ahmed Badr, Jun Zhang

“…This paper suggests an etiologic connection between Tornwaldt's cysts and cerebral vasculature abnormalities by way of notochordal dysfunction during development, likely the result of perturbation of notochord-derived molecular cues during development or biogenesis.…”
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Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus Complicating Epstein-Barr Virus Encephalitis in a Child by Filippo Greco, Maria Donatella Cocuzza, Pierluigi Smilari, Giovanni Sorge, Lorenzo Pavone

“…Pediatric NCSE is a heterogeneous clinical entity with poor outcome and different etiologies, including central nervous system infection, stroke, toxic-metabolic syndrome, and epileptic syndrome. …”
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Idiopathic, Serial Coronary Vessels Dissection in a Young Woman with Psychological Stress: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Alessio Arrivi, Caterina Milici, Carlo Bock, Attilio Placanica, Enrico Boschetti, Marcello Dominici

“…Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a very rare disease, associated with high mortality rate, whose etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood. Its sporadic nature and the varied angiographic extent make firm recommendations regarding revascularization impossible. …”
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A Case of Acquired Hemophilia A in a Patient with Exposure to COVID-19 by Jorge D. Guerra, Jasmine Gowarty, Jordan Buess, James Mason, Kathleen Halka

“…Failure to recognize AHA as a possible etiology of hemorrhage can result in delayed diagnosis and treatment. …”
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Pancreatopleural fistula: A rare cause of recurrent pleural effusion by Zehra Dhanani, Stephen Dachert

“…This case underscores the importance of considering uncommon etiologies in pleural effusions and highlights the significance of high pleural fluid amylase levels in diagnosing pancreatopleural fistulas.…”
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