Rotavirus Vaccination Protects Against Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 in Children in Developed Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Chrysoula Kosmeri, Achilleas Klapas, Nikolas Evripidou, Evanthia Kantza, Anastasios Serbis, Ekaterini Siomou, Fani Ladomenou

“…<b>Background</b>: The etiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains an area of active research, with genetic and environmental factors being investigated. …”
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Massive Pulmonary Embolism Complicating Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia: A Case Report by Shruti Hegde, Gemini Yesodharan, John Tedrow, Alena Goldman

“…All data was indicative of a massive APE as the etiology for his hemodynamic collapse. A decision was made to forgo computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA), given his clinical instability, and systemic thrombolytic therapy was administered. …”
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A Narrative Review of Prognostic Gene Signatures in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using LASSO Cox Regression by Nur Fatinazwa Mohd Faizal, Saptarsi Shai, Bansi P. Savaliya, Lee Peng Karen-Ng, Rupa Kumari, Rahul Kumar, Vui King Vincent-Chong

“…It is essential to distinguish between cancers arising in the head and neck regions due to significant differences in their etiologies, treatment approaches, and prognoses. As the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset is available in HNSCC, the survival analysis prognosis of OSCC patients based on the TCGA dataset for discovering gene expression-based prognostic biomarkers is limited. …”
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Detection of opioid growth factor in Multiple Sclerosis Patients by Khamael Abdulla Taha, Mayada N. Iqbal, Gheyath Abd Ali Shalal

“…It is assumed that it is an intermediate immune disorder in the central nervous system and is complex with incomplete etiology. Some research have confirmed that the Opioid growth factor(OGF), which was called chemically Enkephalin [Met5], is considered as a biomarker for the onset of MS. …”
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Quantitative proteomic studies of the intestinal mucosa provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of ulcerative colitis by Yandong Guo, Dahal Pabitra, Lei Pan, Lanbo Gong, Aimin Li, Side Liu, Jing Xiong

“…Abstract Background Differentiation between ulcerative colitis (UC) and other intestinal inflammatory diseases is difficult, and the precise etiology of UC is poorly understood. Thus, there is a need for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for UC. …”
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Identification of ubiquitination-related key biomarkers and immune infiltration in Crohn’s disease by bioinformatics analysis and machine learning by Wei Chen, Zeyan Xu, Haitao Sun, Wen Feng, Zhenhua Huang

“…Abstract Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with an unknown etiology. Ubiquitination plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of CD. …”
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A retrospective Study on Intestinal Injury from Blunt Abdominal Trauma by Muralidharan Kannaian, Bhaskara Rao Bezawada, Vinod K, Subash Chandra Bose

“…Objectives: To find out the etiology, manifestation, anatomical distribution, diagnostic method, management, and outcome of intestinal injuries from blunt abdominal trauma. …”
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Medical thoracoscopy combined with intrapleural injection of urokinase for treatment of pleural infection-a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled study: study protocol by Kaige Wang, Linhui Yang, Panwen Tian, Fen Tan, Dan Liu, Weimin Li

“…Abstract Background Pleural diseases is a common respiratory disorder, mainly characterized as pleural effusion and patients with pleural effusion caused by pneumonia and empyema constituted 29% of the cohort, which suggests pleural infection as the predominant etiology of pleural effusion in China. Medical thoracoscopy (MT) combined with intrapleural injection of Urokinase holds significant therapeutic value for patients with early to moderate-stage empyema. …”
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CalciumZero: a toolbox for fluorescence calcium imaging on iPSC derived brain organoids by Xiaofu He, Yian Wang, Yutong Gao, Xuchen Wang, Zhixiong Sun, Huixiang Zhu, Kam W. Leong, Bin Xu

“…In addition, it includes supplementary features to statistically evaluate the impact on disease etiology and the detection of drug candidate effects on calcium activities. …”
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A Case of Status Epilepticus in a Patient Experiencing an Acute Attack of Hereditary Angioedema by Danielle Weinberg, Steven Gayda, Kyle Hultz, Hanan Atia, Brian Kohen, Eric Boccio

“…The emergency medicine physician should also consider and treat possible underlying etiologies. The treatment of an acute attack of HAE should focus on replacing C1-INH and preventing the formation and limiting the action of bradykinin.…”
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Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis among Patients at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Ethiopia: A 9-Year Retrospective Study by Dereje Mekonnen, Andamlak Gizaw, Bruktawit Kebede

“…Sociodemographic and clinical data including age, sex, place of residency, duration of TMJA cases, etiology, clinical presentations, imaging results, type of surgical operation, and complications after surgery were collected and analyzed using IBM SPSS software version 20 for Windows (Armonk, NY, USA: IBM Corp) computer program. …”
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Pathogenesis of Disorders of the Motor Function of the Large Intestine in Functional Constipation by M. M. Galagudza, Yu. P. Uspensky, Yu. A. Fominykh, D. Yu. Butko

“…Functional constipation is a classic multifactorial disease, in the etiology of which the adverse effects of the genotype are combined with multiple acquired risk factors. …”
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Investigating papillary thyroid cancer risk factors among women living at the central region of Iran: a case–control study by Hamed Ghoshouni, Saeed Hosseini, Akram Ghadiri-Anari, Reyhaneh Azizi, Masoud Rahmanian, Narjes Hazar

“…Abstract Background The etiology of thyroid cancer especially in women in not well recognized in Yazd, at the center of Iran. …”
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Clinical Outcome Discrimination in Pediatric ARDS by Chest Radiograph Severity Scoring by Yu-Chun Yan, Wen-Han Hao, Feng-Sen Bai, Shuang Liu, Dong Qu, Xin-Yu Yuan

“…Subgroups were compared by prognosis (survive and death) and etiology (infection and noninfection). Two observers calculated RALE independently. …”
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Clinical Characteristics, Intraoperative Findings, and Surgical Outcomes of Canalicular Laceration Repair with Monocanalicular Stent in Asia by Chun-Hsien Lin, Chun-Yuan Wang, Ying-Cheng Shen, Li-Chen Wei

“…Single lower canaliculus was involved in 37 (77.1%) patients, upper canaliculus in 10 (20.8%) patients, and both in 1 (2.1%) patient. The most common etiology was motorcycle accident (41.7%), and all traffic accident injuries accounted for 68.75% of cases. …”
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Interventricular septal dissection secondary to acute inferior myocardial infarction: case series and literature review by Ping Chen, Xiuqin Wang, Yun Mou

“…Conclusions These two cases illustrate a complication of acute myocardial infarction and highlight the importance of echocardiography in its diagnosis. By exploring the etiology, pathogenesis, and key diagnostic points of IVSD, this study aims to provide valuable insights for clinical practice.…”
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COVID-19 encephalopathy with severe neurological symptoms: a clinical case presentation with literature review by G. Baranauskienė, N. Tutlienė, G. Kaubrys

“…However, the most likely etiology of encephalopathy is multifactorial: systemic disease response, inflammation, coagulopathy, direct viral neuroinvasion, endoartheritis, and possibly post-infectious autoimmune mechanisms. …”
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Cellular and immune landscape of chronic liver diseases: insights from immunophenotyping by Shaghayegh Soleimani, Shaghayegh Soleimani, Ozgur Albayrak, Kayra Somay, Hong Yang, Buket Yigit, Burge Ulukan, Dila Atak, Murat Akyildiz, Metehan Gursoy, Elif Demirtas, Adil Mardinoglu, Adil Mardinoglu, Atay Vural, Atay Vural, Murat Dayangac, Mujdat Zeybel

“…The NK cell count was lower in peri-tumor liver specimens compared to ARLD, and an upregulation of TIGIT, an inhibitory marker, was observed in those peri-tumor specimens.ConclusionThis study contributes to the understanding of immune dynamics in chronic liver disease among different etiologies. B lymphocytes are relatively reduced in alcohol-related liver disease compared to other groups, and T cells exhibit a more differentiated subtype. …”
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Diagnostics and Treatment of Esophageal Achalasia (Clinical Guidelines of the Russian Gastroenterological Association, Russian Scientific Medical Society of Internal Medicine, Russ... by V. T. Ivashkin, A. S. Trukhmanov, I. V. Maev, O. M. Drapkina, A. I. Martynov, O. A. Storonova, E. A. Godgello, M. P. Korolev, T. L. Lapina, P. V. Pavlov, A. V. Paraskevova, I. A. Tarasova, E. D. Fedorov, A. T. Tskhovrebov, M. P. Shapka, A. L. Shestakov, A. V. Yurasov

“…Achalasia is an idiopathic neuromuscular disease manifested by a functional disorder of the patency of the cardia due to a lack of coordination between swallowing, reflex opening of the lower esophageal sphincter, and the motor and tonic activity of the smooth muscles of the esophagus. The etiology of achalasia remains unclear. However, it is believed that the key role belongs to the changes in the myenteric (Auerbach’s) intermuscular plexus of the enteric nervous system of the esophagus, leading to loss of neuronal function. …”
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Current status of the thyroid hormone measurement items in patients receiving levothyroxine monotherapy by the management based on the thyroid tissue volume by Mitsuru Ito, Hanna Deguchi-Horiuchi, Sawako Takahashi, Mako Hisakado, Kazuyoshi Kohsaka, Eijun Nishihara, Shuji Fukata, Mitsushige Nishikawa, Akira Miyauchi, Takashi Akamizu

“…This retrospective study examined the composition of the thyroid hormone measurement items (serum-free thyroxine [FT4], FT3, and FT4 + FT3) in patients receiving LT4 monotherapy. According to the etiology of hypothyroidism, 36% of the 25,523 patients included in this study underwent total thyroidectomy (TT). …”
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