Feasibility and Safety of Pleuroscopic Cryobiopsy of the Pleura: A Prospective Study by Chia-Hung Chen, Wen-Chien Cheng, Biing-Ru Wu, Chih-Yu Chen, Wei-Chun Chen, Wei-Chih Liao, Chih-Yen Tu

“…Based on these results, CB during semirigid pleuroscope has a high diagnostic yield, differentiating EPE of unknown etiology with satisfactory effectiveness and safety.…”
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Risk Factors for Chronic Mastitis in Morocco and Egypt by Hanna N. Oltean, Amr S. Soliman, Omar S. Omar, Tamer F. Youssef, Mehdi Karkouri, Azza Abdel-Aziz, Ahmad Hablas, Taylor Blachley, Ali Tahri, Sofia D. Merajver

“…Chronic mastitis is a prolonged inflammatory breast disease, and little is known about its etiology. We identified 85 cases and 112 controls from 5 hospitals in Morocco and Egypt. …”
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Case report: Novel multi-exon homozygous deletion of ZBTB24 causes immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies syndrome 2 by Yan Long, Chenghan Wang, Jie Xiao, Yunhua Huang, Xiaoting Ling, Chaoyu Huang, Ying Chen, Jiaqi Luo, Rongheng Tang, Faquan Lin, Yifang Huang

“…These results indicated that this novel multi-exon deletion variant of ZBTB24 may be the genetic etiology of ICF2. The discovery of this novel mutation expands the mutation spectrum of the ZBTB24 gene and improves our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying ICF.…”
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Antimicrobial Susceptibility of <i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> to Macrolides and Characterization of <i>erm</i>(T)-Carrying Mobile Elements on Chromosome by Peng Zhang, Changmin Li, Shuna Shang, Ting Huang, Junqi Liu, Qianwen Ge, Xiaoping Liao, Liangxing Fang, Yang Yu

“…<i>Glaesserella parasuis</i> is the etiological agent of Glässer’s disease, which causes high morbidity and mortality in pigs worldwide. …”
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Epidemiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Mimi C Yu, Jian-Min Yuan, Sugantha Govindarajan, Ronald K Ross

“…It is estimated that 80% of HCC worldwide is etiologically associated with HBV. In the United States, although the infection rate in the general population is low, HBV is estimated to account for one in four cases of HCC among non-Asians. …”
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Our Experience in Endoscopic Transnasal Optic Nerve Decompression by Saravana Selvan Velmurugan, VIVEK Mariappan, Mohamed Siddique Samsudeen, SURESH KUMAR Narayanan, Asith Jakkiriya Basha, Revathi Subramanian

“…Endonasal endoscopic optic nerve decompression is a safe and highly effective treatment to reduce the hydrostatic pressure on the optic nerve in cases of optic neuropathies of various etiologies.  This is to share our experience on transnasal endoscopic optic nerve decompression done for optic neuropathy due to traumatic optic neuropathy and non-traumatic optic neuropathy.  …”
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The Silent Threat of Human Metapneumovirus: Clinical Challenges and Diagnostic Insights from a Severe Pneumonia Case by Rubens Carmo Costa-Filho, Felipe Saddy, João Luiz Ferreira Costa, Leandro Reis Tavares, Hugo Caire Castro Faria Neto

“…Laboratory and imaging findings supported a viral etiology, while empirical antibiotics were initially prescribed due to diagnostic uncertainty. …”
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miR-155 Predicts Long-Term Mortality in Critically Ill Patients Younger than 65 Years by Frank Tacke, Martina E. Spehlmann, Mihael Vucur, Fabian Benz, Mark Luedde, David Vargas Cardenas, Sanchari Roy, Sven Loosen, Hans-Joerg Hippe, Norbert Frey, Christian Trautwein, Alexander Koch, Christoph Roderburg, Tom Luedde

“…Notably, levels of circulating miR-155 were independent on the severity of disease, the disease etiology, or the presence of sepsis. In the total cohort, miR-155 was not an indicator for patient survival. …”
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Revisiting the Link Between HLA‐DRB1 Alleles and Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Association of non‐Shared Epitope Alleles *09 and *15 With High Levels of Anti–Citrullinate... by Denis Lagutkin, Luis Panaifo, Ahmad‐Fauzi Nurul‐Aain, Lena Israelsson, Monika Hansson, Karin Lundberg, Lars Alfredsson, Johan Askling, RACI consortium, Lars Klareskog, Chun‐Lai Too, Leonid Padyukov

“…Objective Autoantibodies serve as essential clinical biomarkers and may indicate etiological mechanisms in rheumatic diseases. In light of the increasing knowledge concerning the diversity and biologic implications of anti–citrullinated peptide/protein antibodies (ACPAs), we have re‐evaluated the association between the ACPA response and the HLA‐DRB1 allelic groups, known to represent a major genetic risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). …”
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Association between JAK2 rs4495487 Polymorphism and Risk of Budd-Chiari Syndrome in China by Peijin Zhang, Yanyan Zhang, Jing Zhang, Hui Wang, He Ma, Wei Wang, Xiuyin Gao, Hao Xu, Zhaojun Lu

“…In the present study, we examined the role of JAK2 rs4495487 in the etiology and clinical presentation of Chinese BCS patients. 300 primary BCS patients and 311 healthy controls were enrolled to evaluate the association between JAK2 rs4495487 polymorphism and risk of BCS. …”
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Global visualization of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treatment: a bibliometric analysis by Xiaodong Zheng, Xiaodong Zheng, Wenjin Han, Shan Gao, MengLong Jia, LiJun Liu, LiJun Liu, Longtan Yu

“…Given the limited understanding of its etiology, the relationship between curvature and prognosis, as well as the exploration of its underlying causes, could emerge as new research directions in the future.…”
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Real impact of liver cirrhosis on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in various liver diseases—meta‐analytic assessment by Kazuo Tarao, Akito Nozaki, Takaaki Ikeda, Akira Sato, Hirokazu Komatsu, Tatsuji Komatsu, Masataka Taguri, Katsuaki Tanaka

“…Abstract Background It is well known that the incidence of developing hepatocelluler carcinoma (HCC) is increased in liver cirrhosis of different etiologies. However, comparison of HCC incidence in various liver diseases has not yet been estimated. …”
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Serum Albumin Is Independently Associated with Persistent Organ Failure in Acute Pancreatitis by Wandong Hong, Suhan Lin, Maddalena Zippi, Wujun Geng, Simon Stock, Zarrin Basharat, Bicheng Cheng, Jingye Pan, Mengtao Zhou

“…Multivariate analysis suggested that biliary etiology, chronic concomitant diseases, hematocrit, blood urea nitrogen, and the serum albumin level were independently associated with persistent organ failure. …”
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Emergence of Highly Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Patients with Infections Admitted to Public Hospitals in Southwest Iran by Sepide Namdari, Ali Farhadi, Aida Khademalhoseini, Abbas Behzad-Behbahani, Afsaneh Moaddeb

“…Overall, 1778 bacterial etiologies were isolated from 1533 patients diagnosed with infection. …”
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Traumatic Dental Injuries: Clinical Case Presentation and a 10-Year Epidemiological Investigation in an Italian Dental Emergency Service by Alberto Murri Dello Diago, Luigi Generali, Roberto Apponi, Vittorio Colombini, Vittorio Checchi

“…The aim of this study is to present two clinical cases of TDI and to investigate epidemiological and etiological aspects of TDIs in patients treated in Modena, Italy, between January 2010 and December 2020. …”
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Acute Febrile Illness Accompanied by 7th and 12th Cranial Nerve Palsy Due to Lyme Disease Following Travel to Rural Ecuador: A Case Report and Mini-Review by Teslin S. Sandstrom, Kumudhavalli Kavanoor Sridhar, Judith Joshi, Ali Aunas, Sheliza Halani, Andrea K. Boggild

“…Additionally, cranial nerve XII involvement is an uncommon feature of Lyme neuroborreliosis, and therefore warranted consideration of an alternative, non-infectious etiology such as stroke or a mass lesion, both of which were excluded in this patient through neuroimaging.…”
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Case Report: Combined Autoimmune Pancreatitis, Ulcerative Colitis and Sclerosing Cholangitis in 28-y.o. Patient by A. R. Khurmatullina, A. V. Okhlobystin, L. N. Androsova, R. T. Rzayev, A. S. Tertychnyy, A. P. Kiryukhin, O. Z. Okhlobystina, M. S. Zharkova, O. S. Shifrin, V. T. Ivashkin

“…Subsequent examination revealed focal pancreatitis and total colitis with histological pattern, consistent with ulcerative colitis (UC). To determine the etiology of pancreatitis IgG4 serum level was examined, that showed over 2-fold elevation. …”
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Retrotrans-genomics identifies aberrant THE1B endogenous retrovirus fusion transcripts in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis by Shunsuke Funaguma, Aritoshi Iida, Yoshihiko Saito, Jantima Tanboon, Francia Victoria De Los Reyes, Kyuto Sonehara, Yu-ichi Goto, Yukinori Okada, Shinichiro Hayashi, Ichizo Nishino

“…Our retrotrans-genomics approach has not only identified the genomic landscape of sarcoidosis but also provided new insights into its etiology.…”
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Peste Des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in Dromedary Camels and Small Ruminants in Mandera and Wajir Counties of Kenya by R. N. Omani, G. C. Gitao, J. Gachohi, P. K. Gathumbi, B. A. Bwihangane, K. Abbey, V. J. Chemweno

“…This was done in the wake of a disease with unknown etiology “Camel Sudden Death Syndrome” camels in the horn of Africa. …”
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Changes in the Fluorescence Tracking of NaV1.6 Protein Expression in a BTBR T+Itpr3tf/J Autistic Mouse Model by Musaad A. Alshammari, Mohammad R. Khan, Fawaz Alasmari, Abdulaziz O. Alshehri, Rizwan Ali, Mohamed Boudjelal, Khalid A. Alhosaini, Abdurahman A. Niazy, Tahani K. Alshammari

“…However, disruption of the AIS structure is linked to the etiology of multiple disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a condition characterized by deficits in social communication, stereotyped behaviors, and very limited interests. …”
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