SUBSCAPULAR INJURY: PROSPECTIVE COMPARISON OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION, MRI AND ARTHROSCOPY by Hélio Gonçalves Ribeiro Filho, José Rodrigo Da Silva Ferreira, Flávio Wildon Dantas, Rodrigo De Araújo Santa Ritta

“…Abstract Rotator cuff injury is the most frequent etiology of shoulder pain, with 24% of these injuries involving the subscapular tendon. …”
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Sagittal Craniosynostosis with Uncommon Anatomical Pathologies in a 56-Year-Old Male Cadaver by Andrey Frolov, Craig Lawson, Joshua Olatunde, James T. Goodrich, John R. Martin III

“…There is still much to be learned about the etiology of CS. Here, we report a case of 56-year-old male cadaver that we describe as sagittal CS with torus palatinus being an additional anomaly. …”
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AI-Based Advanced Approaches and Dry Eye Disease Detection Based on Multi-Source Evidence: Cases, Applications, Issues, and Future Directions by Mini Han Wang, Lumin Xing, Yi Pan, Feng Gu, Junbin Fang, Xiangrong Yu, Chi Pui Pang, Kelvin Kam-Lung Chong, Carol Yim-Lui Cheung, Xulin Liao, Xiaoxiao Fang, Jie Yang, Ruoyu Zhou, Xiaoshu Zhou, Fengling Wang, Wenjian Liu

“…Despite the promising opportunities, challenges such as diverse diagnostic evidence, complex etiology, and interdisciplinary knowledge integration impede the interpretability, reliability, and applicability of AI-based DED detection methods. …”
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Herpes Simplex Virus Hepatitis in an Immunocompetent Host Resembling Hepatic Pyogenic Abscesses by Carrie Down, Amit Mehta, Gayle Salama, Erika Hissong, Russell Rosenblatt, Michael Cantor, David Helfgott, Kristen Marks

“…Given its high mortality and nonspecific presentation, one should consider HSV hepatitis in all patients with acute hepatitis with multifocal hepatic lesions of unknown etiology. Of special note, this is only the second reported case of HSV liver lesions mimicking pyogenic abscesses on CT and MRI.…”
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Safety and Efficacy of Insulin and Heparin in the Management of Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Pancreatitis in a Patient without Diabetes: A Case Report by Luis Tolento Cortes, Jessica Trinh, Mimi Le, Philip Papayanis, Leah Tudtud-Hans, Lisa Hong

“…The management of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis (HTGIP) is focused on the lowering of triglyceride (TG) levels, and the efficacy of therapies for the management of HTGIP may vary based on the hypertriglyceridemia etiology. The aim of this article is to report a case of a 43-year-old female with a history of familial hypertriglyceridemia and without diabetes who was admitted for acute pancreatitis with a TG level elevated to 4,435 mg/dL. …”
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The Role of Neuroglia in the Development and Progression of Schizophrenia by Neha S. Rawani, Allen W. Chan, Kathryn G. Todd, Glen B. Baker, Serdar M. Dursun

“…The theories developed to explain the etiology of schizophrenia have focused largely on the dysfunction of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin and glutamate with their receptors, although research in the past several decades has indicated strongly that other factors are also involved and that the role of neuroglial cells in psychotic disorders including schizophrenia should be given more attention. …”
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The role of the early-life gut microbiome in childhood asthma by Ulrika Boulund, Jonathan Thorsen, Urvish Trivedi, Kaare Tranæs, Jie Jiang, Shiraz A. Shah, Jakob Stokholm

“…Asthma is a chronic disease affecting millions of children worldwide, and in severe cases requires hospitalization. The etiology of asthma is multifactorial, caused by both genetic and environmental factors. …”
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Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy Presenting with Unusual Behavioural Disturbances in an Adolescent Girl by Murugan Selvaraj Karthik, Kulothungan Nandhini, Viswanath Subashini, Ramasamy Balakrishnan

“…Since HE is a diagnosis of exclusion, very high anti-TPO antibodies and good response to steroids supported the diagnosis of HE in this patient after excluding other etiological possibilities. This case has been reported because the clinical presentation was predominantly neurobehavioural manifestations which is uncommon with HE.…”
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Detection of viral antigen and inflammatory mediators in fatal pediatric dengue: a study on lung immunopathogenesis by Leandro Junqueira Moragas, Laíza Vianna Arruda, Laíza Vianna Arruda, Lucca de Lima Siqueira Oliveira, Felipe de Andrade Vieira Alves, Felipe de Andrade Vieira Alves, Natália Gedeão Salomão, Natália Gedeão Salomão, Jemima Fuentes Ribeiro da Silva, Carlos Alberto Basílio-de-Oliveira, Rodrigo Panno Basílio-de-Oliveira, Ronaldo Mohana-Borges, Caio Gonçalves Azevedo, Gabriela Xavier de Oliveira, Jorge José de Carvalho, Fernando Colonna Rosman, Fernando Colonna Rosman, Marciano Viana Paes, Kíssila Rabelo, Kíssila Rabelo

“…IntroductionThe dengue virus (DENV) is the etiological agent that causes dengue fever illness, an arbovirus with a major endemic potential that has become increasingly prevalent in Brazil and has already been associated with fatal cases in children. …”
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Frontotemporal Dementia, Manifested as Schizophrenia, with Decreased Heterochromatin on Chromosome 1 by Philippos Gourzis, Maria Skokou, Panagiotis Polychronopoulos, Evanthia Soubasi, Irene-Eva Triantaphyllidou, Christos Aravidis, Antonia-Ioanna Sarela, Zoe Kosmaidou

“…Frontotemporal dementia is a disorder of complex etiology, with genetic components contributing to the disease. …”
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Metastatic Prostate Cancer to the Left Temporal Bone: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Erynne A. Faucett, Hal Richins, Rihan Khan, Abraham Jacob

“…This case (1) demonstrates that a high index of suspicion for unusual etiologies of seemingly benign symptoms must be maintained in elderly patients having prior history of cancer and (2) substantiates the value of temporal bone imaging when diagnosis may be unclear from history and physical exam.…”
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Ultrasound, Echocardiography, MRI, and Genetic Analysis of a Fetus with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia and Partial 11q Trisomy by Yolanda Fernández-Perea, Lutgardo García-Díaz, Javier Sánchez, Guillermo Antiñolo, Salud Borrego

“…CDH is a developmental defect whose etiology is heterogeneous and takes place when the pleuroperitoneal folds and septum transversum fail to converge and fuse. …”
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Oropharyngeal cancer associated with human papillomavirus. A Case Report by Lianet Pérez Rodríguez, Grisel Utrera Díaz, Miriam Magaly González González del Pino, Leydis Macías Ortiz

“…This case is presented because of the importance of knowing the etiology of these lesions attributed to the human papillomavirus for increasing people’s awareness of the risk factors and thus, reduce its prevalence.…”
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Multisystem Myotilinopathy, including Myopathy and Left Ventricular Noncompaction, due to the MYOT Variant c.179C>T by Josef Finsterer, Claudia Stöllberger, Matthias Hasun, Korbinian Riedhammer, Mathias Wagner

“…Left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction is a myocardial abnormality of unknown etiology/pathogenesis, which is frequently associated with neuromuscular disorders or chromosomal defects. …”
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Phages as potential life-saving therapeutic option in the treatment of multidrug-resistant urinary tract infections by Beata Zalewska-Piątek, Michalina Nagórka

“…The aim of this review is to present issues related to the use of phages in the treatment of UTIs of various etiological origins in selected patients, including those with comorbidities, taking into account the legal regulations, safety and effectiveness of this experimental therapy. …”
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A Rare Association of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia with Gastric Adenocarcinoma by Kavita Agrawal, Flores Alfonso

“…Other extensive workup to determine the etiology of AIHA was negative (described in detail below). …”
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Fetal sirenomelia type VI. A case report by Lilian Rachel Vila Ferrán, María Antonia Ocaña Gil

“…The literature review of this pathology aims to describe the etiology, incidence, characteristics and various diagnostic methods in sirenomelia, due to the low frequency with which this entity occurs for its better study and understanding.…”
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A Case of Glycogenic Hepatopathy as a Complication of Poorly Controlled Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus by Samhitha Munugoti, Vamsee Reddy, Gaurav Patel, Maneesh Gaddam, Triveni Abburi

“…Furthermore, a low threshold of suspicion is required to identify a relatively underdiagnosed etiology like glycogenic hepatopathy (GH). This case report describes how patterns and trends of liver function tests provide important clues to the diagnosis of GH; how imaging modalities like ultrasonography, computerized tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan could be used to differentiate GH from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); and how the diagnosis of GH can be made without the need for invasive liver biopsy. …”
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A Lip Repositioning Technique Using Polyester Threads for Gummy Smile Treatment by Renata Oliveira Ribeiro Horn, Carlos Nelson Elias, Júlio César Joly

“…Hypermobile upper lip (HUL), vertical maxillary excess (VME) + HUL, altered passive eruption (APE) + HUL, and VME + APE were the etiologies identified. Three polyester threads were inserted in each patient one month after the surgery. …”
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Surgical and Visual Outcome for Recurrent Retinal Detachment Surgery by Constantin Pournaras, Chrysanthi Tsika, Catherine Brozou, Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris

“…We retrospectively reviewed 70 cases with refractory retinal detachment of various etiologies that required multiple operations. Anatomical success (attached retina) or failure (totally/partially-detached retina) was assessed biomicroscopically. …”
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