Genotype-Based Bayesian Analysis of Gene-Environment Interactions with Multiple Genetic Markers and Misclassification in Environmental Factors by Iryna Lobach, Ruzong Fan

“…A key component to understanding etiology of complex diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, alcohol dependence, is to investigate gene-environment interactions. …”
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A Case Series of Vaping-Induced Lung Injury in a Community Hospital Setting by Mohammed Ali, Kashmala Khan, Mihir Buch, Manuel Ramos- Ramirez, Munish Sharma, Seema Patel, Saiara Choudhury, Humayun Anjum, Alamgir Khan, Salim Surani

“…Research looking into other possible constituents in E-cigarettes that can account for the etiology of disease and effects of vaping as it relates to pulmonary physiology still remains limited and uncertain. …”
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Rapid Hip Osteoarthritis Development in a Patient with Anterior Acetabular Cyst with Sagittal Alignment Change by Yasuhiro Homma, Tomonori Baba, Nobuhiko Sumiyoshi, Hironori Ochi, Hideo Kobayashi, Mikio Matsumoto, Takahito Yuasa, Kazuo Kaneko

“…We think that there is the case of rapid osteoarthritis developing due to alternating load concentration by posterior pelvic tilt on preexisting anterior acetabular cyst such as our patient among the cases diagnosed as RDC without any identifiable etiology. The recognition of sagittal alignment changes and anterior acetabular cyst may play important role in prediction and prevention of the rapid hip osteoarthritis development similar to RDC.…”
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Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: A Diagnostic Challenge in the Oral Cavity by Mehmet Ali Altay, Alper Sindel, Öznur Özalp, Burak Kocabalkan, İrem Hicran Özbudak, Ramazan Erdem, Ozan Salim, Dale A. Baur

“…Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder of the reticuloendothelial system with unknown etiology. This report aims to present a case of LCH with diffuse involvement of the oral cavity and to raise awareness of the distinguishing features of this diagnostically challenging entity. …”
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Genetic and Biochemical Alterations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Jackie L. Johnson, Smitha Pillai, Srikumar P. Chellappan

“…Recent advances in the detection of genetic alterations in patient samples along with physiologically relevant animal models has yielded a new understanding of the molecular etiology of lung cancer. This has facilitated the development of potent and specific targeted therapies, based on the genetic and biochemical alterations present in the tumor, especially non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). …”
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Bipolar Disorder and Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Series by Youssef Sidhom, Mouna Ben Djebara, Yosr Hizem, Istabrak Abdelkefi, Imen Kacem, Amina Gargouri, Riadh Gouider

“…We report three cases of MS and bipolar disorder and we discuss the possible etiological hypothesis and treatment options. Observations. …”
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A Comparison of Pattern of Pregnancy Loss in Women with Infertility Undergoing IVF and Women with Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriages Who Conceive Spontaneously by Vidya A. Tamhankar, Beiyu Liu, Junhao Yan, Tin-Chiu Li

“…Women with infertility and recurrent miscarriages may have an overlapping etiology. The aim of this study was to compare the pregnancy loss in pregnancies after IVF treatment with spontaneous pregnancies in women with recurrent miscarriages and to assess differences related to cause of infertility. …”
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Cardiac Tamponade as an Initial Manifestation of Cervical Cancer by Yuridia Evangelina Rodríguez-Rosales, Carlos Eduardo Salazar-Mejía, Blanca Angélica Soto-Martínez, David Hernández-Barajas, Oscar Vidal-Gutiérrez, Gabriela Sofia Gómez-Macías

“…Cardiac tamponade in a young female patient is a harbinger to widen the differential diagnosis to include not only infectious, cardiac, or metabolic etiology but also oncological causes since this will allow appropriate treatment.…”
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Angora Wool Asthma in Textile Industry by Pietro Sartorelli, Riccardo Romeo, Giuseppina Coppola, Roberta Nuti, Valentina Paolucci

“…If the diagnosis of occupational asthma caused by animal hair and skin derivatives may be relatively easy by means of the challenge test, defining etiology is complicated because of the lack of in vitro tests.…”
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Reversible Inferolateral ST-Segment Elevation Associated with Small Bowel Obstruction by Ankit Upadhyay, Sudheer Chauhan, Umair Jangda, Vipul Bodar, Ahmed Al-Chalabi

“…The pathophysiological etiology of electrocardiographic changes accompanying small bowel obstruction is yet to be explored.…”
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Celiac Artery Compression Syndrome: An Experience in a Single Institution in Taiwan by Jen-Wei Chou, Chih-Ming Lin, Chun-Lung Feng, Chun-Fu Ting, Ken-Sheng Cheng, Yung-Fang Chen

“…Moreover, some authors also reported the compression with different etiologies, such as neoplasms of pancreatic head, adjacent duodenal carcinoma, vascular aneurysms, aortic dissection, or sarcoidosis. …”
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Ovarian Fibroma as a Possible Cause of Fever of Unknown Origin by İkbal Kaygusuz, Ayla Eser, İlknur İnegöl Gümüş, İsmail Kırbaş, Kayıhan Akın, Hacer Haltas, Hasan Kafalı

“…She had a comprehensive work-up for FUO, including rheumatologic, infectious, and malignant etiologies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the pelvis showed two well defined ovarian lesions, which were suggestive of an ovarian fibroma. …”
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Recurrence of acne after treatment with systemic isotretinoin: causes and methods of prevention by Marina M. Tlish, Marina E. Shavilova

“…Despite this, the multifactorial etiology and complex pathophysiological processes of acne development determine the risk of relapse of the disease. …”
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Duodenal Villous Atrophy in a TTG-Negative Patient Taking Olmesartan: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Tasha Kulai, Thomas Arnason, Donald MacIntosh, John Igoe

“…Physicians should consider medications as potential etiologies of enteropathy.…”
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Rare Case of Rapidly Worsening REM Sleep Induced Bradycardia by Ayyappa S. Duba, Suneetha Jasty, Ankit Mahajan, Vijay Kodadhala, Raza Khan, Prithviraj Rai, Mohammad Ghazvini

“…It may last from 2.0 seconds to several minutes. Etiologies of sinoatrial arrest can be complex and heterogeneous. …”
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A Fatal Case of Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in the Setting of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report and Review of Noninfectious Causes of Acute Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Adults by Mia C. Lundgren, Jerry A. Molitor, Benjamin Spilseth, Oyedele Adeyi

“…SLE is typically lower on the list of initial differential diagnoses of DAH due to its rarity compared to other etiologies. We present a case of a patient with dyspnea on exertion, dry coughs, lower extremity edema, and intermittent periorbital edema who ultimately succumbed to respiratory failure secondary to DAH in the setting of SLE. …”
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Modern Approaches to <i>H. pylori</i> Eradication Therapy in Adults (Literature Review and Resolution of Experts Council) by V. Т. Ivashkin, A. I. Ulyanin, I. V. Mayev, R. S. Kozlov, M. A. Livzan, S. R. Abdulkhakov, O. P. Alekseyeva, S. A. Alekseyenko, D. S. Bordin, N. N. Dekhnich, N. V. Korochyanskaya, T. L. Lapina, E. A. Poluektova, V. I. Simanenkov, A. S. Trukhmanov, I. B. Khlynov, V. V. Tsukanov, A. A. Sheptulin

“…H. pylori infection is the main etiological factor of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. …”
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Size of Left Cardiac Chambers Correlates with Cerebral Microembolic Load in Open Heart Operations by Elena Z. Golukhova, Anna G. Polunina, Svetlana V. Zhuravleva, Natalia P. Lefterova, Alexey V. Begachev

“…Microemboli are a widely recognized etiological factor of cerebral complications in cardiac surgery patients. …”
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Blood Culture-Negative but Clinically Diagnosed Infective Endocarditis Complicated by Intracranial Mycotic Aneurysm, Brain Abscess, and Posterior Tibial Artery Pseudoaneurysm by Chao Jiang, Haibin Lu, Yaoqiang Guo, Li Zhu, Tianqi Luo, Wendy Ziai, Jian Wang

“…Clinicians should be aware of the detriment of blood culture-negative infective endocarditis for its multiple complications may occur in one patient. The delayed etiological diagnosis and insufficient treatment may aggregate the clinical outcome of blood culture-negative infective endocarditis.…”
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Glial Cells of the Central Nervous System: A Potential Target in Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome by Yongfeng Lao, Zewen Li, Yanan Bai, Weijia Li, Jian Wang, Yanan Wang, Qingchao Li, Zhilong Dong

“…Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is one of the most common diseases of the male urological system while the etiology and treatment of CP/CPPS remain a thorny issue. …”
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