Q Fever with Unusual Exposure History: A Classic Presentation of a Commonly Misdiagnosed Disease by Randall J. Nett, Earl Book, Alicia D. Anderson

“…The laboratory testing of acute and convalescent serum specimens led to laboratory confirmation of acute Q fever as the etiology. This case represents a potential tickborne transmission of Coxiella burnetii and highlights the importance of considering Q fever as a possible diagnosis following tick exposures.…”
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Is the place of nitrates preserved in the treatment of heart failure? by I.V. Shklianka, O.A. Yepanchintseva, O.J. Zharinov

“…According to current international guidelines, the use of nitrates should be considered in addition to basic therapy of heart failure in case of decompensation of blood circulation, as well as in combination with hydralazine in case of intolerance to renin-angiotensin system blockers, and not only in case of heart failure of ischemic etiology.…”
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Absence of Substantial Copy Number Differences in a Pair of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Features of Autism Spectrum Disorder by Marina Laplana, José Luis Royo, Anton Aluja, Ricard López, Damiàn Heine-Sunyer, Joan Fibla

“…Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable disease (~0.9) with a complex genetic etiology. It is initially characterized by altered cognitive ability which commonly includes impaired language and communication skills as well as fundamental deficits in social interaction. …”
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Sarcoidosis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies by Danfeng Xu, Xiaohua Tao, Yibin Fan, Yan Teng

“…Abstract Sarcoidosis, a multisystemic granulomatous disease with unknown etiology, is characterized by formation of noncaseating granulomas, which can affect all organs. …”
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Management of Splenic Abscess after Splenic Arterial Embolization in Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A 5-Year Single-Center Experience by Gang Li, Lin Gao, Jing Zhou, Bo Ye, Jingzhu Zhang, Cheng Qu, Lu Ke, Zhihui Tong, Weiqin Li

“…The demographic characteristics, etiology, treatment of splenic abscess, and clinical outcomes of these cases were collected and analyzed. …”
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Circle of Willis Variants: Fetal PCA by Amir Shaban, Karen C. Albright, Amelia K. Boehme, Sheryl Martin-Schild

“…We sought to determine the prevalence of fetal posterior cerebral artery (fPCA) and if fPCA was associated with specific stroke etiology and vessel territory affected. This paper is a retrospective review of prospectively identified patients with acute ischemic stroke from July 2008 to December 2010. …”
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Clinical diagnosis of Q fever by targeted next-generation sequencing for identification of Coxiella burnetii by Shaohua Zhan, Haoyuan Jin, Hanbing Ji, Xin Hou, Jing Li, Ye Zhang, Jiajia Zheng, Liyan Cui

“…Methods tNGS was performed on patients with acute fever of unknown etiology, and qPCR was confirmed for C. burnetii infection. …”
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Autologous Serum Skin Test versus Autologous Plasma Skin Test in Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria by Aysegul Alpay, Nilgün Solak Tekin, Ishak Özel Tekin, H. Cevdet Altinyazar, Rafet Koca, Saniye Çınar

“…Previous studies indicate that 25–45% of chronic urticaria patients have an autoimmune etiology. Autologous serum skin test (ASST) and autologous plasma skin test (APST) are simple tests for diagnosing chronic autoimmune urticaria (CAU). …”
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Laparoscopic Reversal of Hartmann’s Procedure: State of the Art 20 Years after the First Reported Case by Adriana Toro, Annalisa Ardiri, Maurizio Mannino, Antonio Politi, Andrea Di Stefano, Zia Aftab, Abdelrahman Abdelaal, Maria Concetta Arcerito, Andrea Cavallaro, Marco Cavallaro, Gaetano Bertino, Isidoro Di Carlo

“…Results. 238 males (52.4%) and 216 females (47.6%) between 38 and 67 years were analyzed. The etiology was diverticulitis in 292 patients (72.1%), carcinoma in 43 patients (10.6%), and other in 70 patients (17.3%). …”
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A Cross Sectional Study on Thrombocytopenia with Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width in Patient with Febrile Illness by Vidhya.G, J.Margaret Theresa, J.S. Sukanya, Santha Sandasivan, Gerard Rakesh. J

“…It is usually associated with conditions such as febrile illnesses like dengue fever, malaria, and other infectious etiology. The causes of thrombocytopenia can be evaluated by studying the platelet parameters. …”
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Trans-Septal Myocardial Biopsy in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Using the Liwen Procedure: An Introduction of a Novel Technique by Chao Han, Mengyao Zhou, Rui Hu, Bo Wang, Lei Zuo, Jing Li, Shengjun Ta, David H. Hsi, Jiani Liu, Lichun Wei, Liwen Liu

“…Myocardial biopsy is essential when other methods could not differentiate other etiologies from hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). …”
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Debilitating Manifestation of a Disease with Multiple Names: A Severe Case of Sclerosing Mesenteritis by Valeriia Klymenko, Reba Varughese, Katherine A Woolley, Joseph M Wetherell, Haritha Mopuru, Edward Mensah, Imran Siddiqui

“…Sclerosing mesenteritis (SM) is a rare inflammatory condition with unknown etiology that affects the mesenteric adipose tissue. …”
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Granular Cell Tumor of the Toe: A Case Report by Federico Tamborini, Mario Cherubino, Stefano Scamoni, Luigi A. Valdatta

“…Granular cell tumor is a rare tumor of unknown etiology that more commonly affects the oral cavity but can also occur at other sites. …”
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Is Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw an Infection? A Histological and Microbiological Ten-Year Summary by A. M. Hinson, C. W. Smith, E. R. Siegel, B. C. Stack

“…The role of infection in the etiology of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is poorly understood. …”
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Clinical Practice Guidelines for Convulsive Condition Management by Victor Rene Navarro Machado, Arelys Falcón Hernández, Maria Octavina Rodríguez Roque

“…This document includes a review and update of conceptual, etiological and classification aspects for diagnosis and treatment, stressing the various therapy trends. …”
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Treatment compliance of liver cirrhosis patients by Ye. R. Olevskaya, A. I. Dolgushina, A. N. Tarasov, D. S. Mikhaylova, A. R. Molchanova, A. S. Kuznetsova

“…Demographic features, disease duration, etiology, severity according to Child-Pugh score and «compliance level» questionnaire score were analyzed [Kadyrov R.V. et al., 2014]. …”
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Application of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Infectious Keratitis by Xin-Yu Pan, Meng Wang, Yi-Dan Xu, Lin-Nong Wang

“…Of the 287 patients, 228 (79.4%) were diagnosed with a specific etiology, including 110 (48.2%) fungal infections, 44 (19.3%) viral infections, 42 (18.4%) mixed infections, and 30 (13.2%) bacterial infections. …”
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Severe Enamel Defects in Wild Japanese Macaques by Ian Towle, Carolina Loch, Marina Martínez de Pinillos, Mario Modesto-Mata, Leslea J. Hlusko

“…This condition is rare in humans and even rarer in wild primates. The etiology of PFEH has been linked to exposure to severe disease, malnutrition, and environmental toxins and associated with systemic conditions. …”
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Potential Biomarkers and Signaling Pathways Associated with the Pathogenesis of Primary Ameloblastoma: A Systems Biology Approach by Zeynab Bayat, Azin Mirzaeian, Amir Taherkhani

“…This study provides an intuition into the potential mechanisms involved in the etiology of ameloblastoma.…”
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Bacteriology and pathological anatomy of pneumonias in monkeys by V. A. Kalashnikova, N. S. Rudenko

“…Data on the etiological structure of potential pneumonia agents in monkeys based on postmortem findings and subsequent bacteriological tests of lung tissues collected from the organ areas showing morphological changes are presented. …”
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