A Small UWB Antenna with Dual Band-Notched Characteristics by J. Xu, D.-Y. Shen, G.-T. Wang, X.-H. Zhang, X.-P. Zhang, K. Wu

“…The dual band rejection is achieved by etching two C-shaped slots on the radiation patch with limited area. …”
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Photovoltaic and Physical Characteristics of Screen-Printed Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Cells with Laser Doping and Electroplated Copper by Chin-Lung Cheng, Chi-Chung Liu, Chun-Tin Yeh

“…Moreover, the effects of KOH etching on the surface properties after the LD process were explored. …”
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COUNTERREENGINEERING OF ELECTRONIC DEVICES by M. S. Kostin, D. S. Vorunichev, D. A. Korzh

“…The design is based on the physical principles of destructive and non-destructive decomposing test: mechanical processing and chemical etching, stereolaser structuring, IR imaging electrothermics and X-ray analysis. …”
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Phase evolution in an MCrAlY coating during high temperature exposure by Costa C., Barbareschi E., Guarnone P., Borzone G.

“…The specimens were exposed for different lengths of time at test temperatures of 700 - 800 - in order to characterize the phase evolution with time and temperature. Selective etching was employed for optical metallographic investigation. …”
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A Process Optimization Method of the Mini-LOCOS Field Plate Profile for Improving Electrical Characteristics of LDMOS Device by Shaoxin Yu, Weiheng Shao, Pei-Xiong Gao, Xiang Li, Rongsheng Chen, Bin Zhao

“…This paper introduces an effective process improvement method by etching bias power adjustment and time reduction. …”
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Research of defects of hot-rolled steel having rolling nature of formation of the rolling shop no. 1 of rolling mill 850 at OJSC «BSW – Management Company of Holding «BMC» by I. A. Kovaleva, Yu. A. Potapenko

“…With the help of characteristic external and microstructural features of defects, special etching in reagents, the causes of their formation were established, and recommendations for their minimization or complete elimination were proposed.…”
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Double-Grating Displacement Structure for Improving the Light Extraction Efficiency of LEDs by Zhibin Wang, Yang Hao, Zhongdong Wang, Xian Liu, Qian Zhang, Dandan Zhu

“…To improve the light extraction efficiency of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), grating patterns were etched on GaN and silver film surfaces. The grating-patterned surface etching enabled the establishment of an LED model with a double-grating displacement structure that is based on the surface plasmon resonance principle. …”
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Hierarchical Low Si/Al Ratio Ferrierite Zeolite by Sequential Postsynthesis Treatment: Catalytic Assessment in Dehydration Reaction of Methanol by Enrico Catizzone, Massimo Migliori, Alfredo Aloise, Rossella Lamberti, Girolamo Giordano

“…In this paper, we report the preparation of hierarchical FER-type zeolite at low Si/Al molar ratio (about 10) by postsynthesis etching involving a sequence of three treatments with NaAlO2, HCl, and NaOH solutions and investigate the effect of both NaAlO2 solution concentration and time of treatment on the textural properties. …”
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Nanopatterned Silicon Substrate Use in Heterojunction Thin Film Solar Cells Made by Magnetron Sputtering by Shao-Ze Tseng, Chang-Rong Lin, Hung-Sen Wei, Chia-Hua Chan, Sheng-Hui Chen

“…Improved heterojunction cells are formed on a nanopatterned silicon substrate that is prepared with a self-assembled monolayer of SiO2 nanospheres with a diameter of 550 nm used as an etching mask. The efficiency of the nanopattern silicon substrate heterojunction cells was 31.49% greater than that of heterojunction cells on a flat silicon wafer.…”
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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Butt Joint in High Density Polyethylene Pipe by Pashupati Pokharel, Yoonsang Kim, Sunwoong Choi

“…The weld seam as well as tensile fracture surfaces were etched using strong oxidizing agents. The crystallinity of surface etched weld zone by potassium permanganate based etchant was found higher than unetched sample due to the higher susceptibility of amorphous phase of polyethylene with oxidizing agent. …”
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Fabrication of Hybrid Diamond and Transparent Conducting Metal Oxide Electrode for Spectroelectrochemistry by Jingping Hu, James Hodge, Arthur J. Boff, John S. Foord

“…As a second route, a diamond membrane in silicon frame was prepared by selective chemical etching, and a diamond optically transparent electrode (OTE) was constructed by assembling the diamond membrane on the top of an ITO-coated substrate. …”
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Measuring. Monitoring. Management. Control by E.A. Pecherskaya, U.S. Chikhrina, O.V. Karpanin, P.E. Golubkov, S.A. Gurin

“…A comparative analysis of the presented experimental results was performed, which confirmed an increase in hardness and a decrease in the roughness of coatings for substrates that were subjected to preliminary etching.…”

Coherence vortices by binary pinholes by Gautam Akanksha, Agarwal Amit K., Singh Rakesh Kumar

“…The binary pinhole structures have been realized by lithography, followed by wet etching methods. We control the transmittance from the incoherent source plane using these exotic apertures, which finally results in a coherence vortex spectrum that features multiple and pure orbital angular momentum modes. …”
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A CPW-Fed Circular Wide-Slot UWB Antenna with Wide Tunable and Flexible Reconfigurable Dual Notch Bands by Yingsong Li, Wenxing Li, Qiubo Ye

“…The dual band-notched function is achieved by using a T-shaped stepped impedance resonator (T-SIR) inserted inside the circular ring radiation patch and by etching a parallel stub loaded resonator (PSLR) in the CPW transmission line, while the wide tunable bands can be implemented by adjusting the dimensions of the T-SIR and the PSLR. …”
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Renesanční epitaf jako médium „konfesijní identity“ v prostředí předbělohorské Chrudimi. Památník Tomáše Lvíka Domažlického (†1616) a Salomeny Francové z Liblic (†1619) jako histo... by Ondřej Jakubec

“…There is no problem with the fact that it was „Catholic“ etching that served as graphic pattern for this epitaph. …”
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Demonstration of an On-Chip TE-Pass Polarizer Based on Radiation Coupling by Li Zhang, Shengjie Tang, Cheng Chen, Haibin Lv, Xiaoping Liu

“…Potentially, this design has lower material refractive index contrast, larger minimum etching size, smaller lengths, and less stray light crosstalk, which is beneficial for systems applications such as gyroscopes.…”
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Analysis of the Spatial-Frequency Characteristics of the Photo-Assisted Method of a Quartz Rough Surface Nano-Polishing by Vasyl Kanevskii, Serhii Kolienov, Valerii Grygoruk, Oleksandr Stelmakh, Hao Zhang

“…It was found that at the initial stage of photochemical polishing different electrodynamic conditions are created for the etching process depending on the profile height standard deviation value. …”
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Microtensile Bond Strength of Self-Adhesive Luting Cements to Ceramics by Tomoko Abo, Shigeru Uno, Masahiro Yoshiyama, Toshimoto Yamada, Nobuhiro Hanada

“…Three self-adhesive cements showed significantly lower μTBSs than control that required both etching and priming before cementation (Tukey, 𝑃<0.05). …”
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Efficiency Enhancement of Nanoporous Silicon/Polycrystalline-Silicon Solar Cells by Application of Trenched Electrodes by Kuen-Hsien Wu, Chia-Chun Tang

“…NPS films that served as textured surface layers were firstly prepared on heavily doped p+-type (100) poly-Si wafers by anodic etching process. Interdigitated trenches were formed in the NPS layers by a reactive-ion-etch (RIE) process and Cr/Al double-layered metal was then deposited to fill the trenches and construct trenched-electrode-contacts (TEC’s). …”
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Advancements in Superhydrophobic Paper-Based Materials: A Comprehensive Review of Modification Methods and Applications by Yin Tang, Shouwei Ban, Zhihan Xu, Jing Sun, Zhenxin Ning

“…It also discusses various superhydrophobic modification techniques, including surface chemical modification, coating technology, physical composite technology, laser etching, and other innovative methods. The applications and development prospects of these materials are explored, emphasizing their potential in self-cleaning materials, oil–water separation, droplet manipulation, and paper-based sensors for wearable electronics and environmental monitoring.…”
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