Recognition of ZnT8, Proinsulin, and Homologous MAP Peptides in Sardinian Children at Risk of T1D Precedes Detection of Classical Islet Antibodies by Magdalena Niegowska, Daniela Paccagnini, Carla Mannu, Clara Targhetta, Marco Songini, Leonardo A. Sechi

“…Being MAP easily transmitted to humans with infected cow’s milk and detected in retail infant formulas, MAP epitopes could be present in extensively hydrolyzed formula and act as antigens stimulating β-cell autoimmunity.…”
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In Silico Design of a Trans-Amplifying RNA-Based Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 Structural Proteins by Fatemeh Nafian, Ghazal Soleymani, Zahra Pourmanouchehri, Mahnaz Kiyanjam, Simin Nafian, Sayed Mohammad Mohammadi, Hanie Jeyroudi, Sharareh Berenji Jalaei, Fatemeh Sabzpoushan

“…Through an immunoinformatic approach, promising epitopes were predicted for the spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins. …”
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Induction of Humoral and Cellular Immunity by Intradermal Delivery of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Using Dissolvable Microneedles by Chaiyaporn Kuwentrai, Jinming Yu, Bao-zhong Zhang, Ye-fan Hu, Ying Dou, Hua-rui Gong, Jian-Dong Huang, Chenjie Xu

“…The nucleocapsid protein (NP) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) contains immunogenic epitopes that can induce cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) against viral infection. …”
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Mesoporous Silicon Microparticles Enhance MHC Class I Cross-Antigen Presentation by Human Dendritic Cells by A. Jiménez-Periáñez, B. Abos Gracia, J. López Relaño, C. M. Diez-Rivero, P. A. Reche, E. Martínez-Naves, E. Matveyeva, M. Gómez del Moral

“…The aim of this work was to use MSMPs to deliver viral specific MHC class I restricted epitopes into human antigen presenting cells (monocyte derived dendritic cells, MDDCs) to facilitate their capture, processing, and presentation to CD8+ (cytotoxic) T lymphocytes. …”
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Detection of Amylin-β-amyloid Hetero-Oligomers by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay by Noah Leibold, Deepak Kotiya, Nirmal Verma, Florin Despa

“…This combination allows for the recognition of distinct amylin epitopes, which remain accessible after amylin-Aβ oligomerization has begun, and precise detection of Aβ epitopes available after oligomer formation. …”
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Screening for transcriptomic associations with Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome by Katharina Gerhards, Sabrina Becker, Josef Kuehling, Mirjam Lechner, Hermann Willems, Robert Ringseis, Gerald Reiner

“…At the same time, for the first time, there is evidence for a direct involvement of the keratinisation capacity of the skin and various epitopes of the erythrocyte membrane, which seem to be associated with the severity of SINS. …”
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Analysis and Characterization of the Immunogenicity of Rhoptry Protein 18 by Masoud Foroutan, Amir Karimipour-Saryazdi, Ali Dalir Ghaffari, Hamidreza Majidiani, Arezo Arzani Birgani, Elaheh Karimzadeh-Soureshjani, Shahrzad Soltani, Hany M Elsheikha

“…Using a range of bioinformatics tools, we investigated its T-cell and B-cell epitopes, physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, transmembrane domains, and tertiary and secondary structures. …”
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Three Types of Broadly Reacting Antibodies against Influenza B Viruses Induced by Vaccination with Seasonal Influenza Viruses by Daisuke Hirano, Nobuko Ohshima, Ritsuko Kubota-Koketsu, Ayami Yamasaki, Gene Kurosawa, Yoshinobu Okuno, Shunji Yoshida, Yoshikazu Kurosawa

“…These results indicate that common epitopes exist on HA molecules of influenza virus at various levels, and humans have capability to produce Abs that bind to such common epitopes.…”
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Testing of diagnostic test-systems for detection of antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus structural proteins with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for their serotype specifi... by N. N. Lugovskaya, E. A. Silanteva, T. V. Okovytaya, A. A. Kharitonova, Y. M. Gochmuradov, E. A. Razgulyaeva, O. O. Budina, E. A. Yasneva

“…All used test-systems detected apparent serotype-specific activity (homologous reaction) as well as cross-reacting virus-specific antibodies that was accounted for some reasons related to conservative epitopes in amino acid sequence of FMDV virion capsid VP1–VP3 polypeptides, accessibility of internal conservative epitopes of VP4 polypeptide for the animal’s immune system during virus replication or vaccine antigen (virus) destruction in the animal’s body in the process of immunity development, as well as the pilot anti-FMD vaccine composition, etc. …”
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NMDA Reduces Tau Phosphorylation in Rat Hippocampal Slices by Targeting NR2A Receptors, GSK3β, and PKC Activities by Audrée De Montigny, Ismaël Elhiri, Julie Allyson, Michel Cyr, Guy Massicotte

“…Our results demonstrated that Tau phosphorylation at Ser199-202 residues was decreased in NMDA-treated hippocampal slices, an effect that was not reproduced at Ser262 and Ser404 epitopes. NMDA-induced reduction of Tau phosphorylation at Ser199-202 was further promoted when NR2A-containing receptors were pharmacologically isolated and were completely abrogated by the NR2A receptor antagonist NVP-AAM077. …”
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Novel Roles of the Picornaviral 3D Polymerase in Viral Pathogenesis by Jason Kerkvliet, Ramakrishna Edukulla, Moses Rodriguez

“…Here, we discuss the structure and function of 3Dpol during picornavirus replication, we review the evidence and consequence of a host immune response to epitopes in 3Dpol after picornavirus infection, highlight data showing the antiviral effects of transgenic 3Dpol from Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV), and discuss potential mechanisms by which 3Dpol is causing this antiviral effect in mice.…”
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A synthetic cyclic peptide for promoting antigen presentation and immune activation by Jiahui Zhang, Harrison Y. R. Madge, Asmaa Mahmoud, Lantian Lu, Wanyi Wang, Wenbin Huang, Prashamsa Koirala, Jazmina L. Gonzalez Cruz, Wei Yang Kong, Sahra Bashiri, Ahmed O. Shalash, Waleed M. Hussein, Zeinab G. Khalil, James W. Wells, Istvan Toth, Rachel J. Stephenson

“…We identified a cyclic deca-peptide incorporating lipoamino acids for delivering T helper and B cell epitopes against group A Streptococcus (GAS), eliciting robust humoral immune responses. …”
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Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Evolution of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Northern China During 2021–2023 by Na Yuan, Zuofeng Yang, Fengxia Lv, Lina Dou, Xiangqing Li, Baokai Zhao, Shishan Dong

“…L1.8 and L1.5 showed considerable polymorphism at decoy and neutralizing epitopes. Mutations of specific amino acids were present in L1.8 and L1.5 at T- and B-cell epitopes. …”
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In Silico Screening of Putative Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Antigens and Serological Diagnosis for Caseous Lymphadenitis in Sheep by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay by Daniela Droppa-Almeida, Caroline de Santana Ferreira, Ioná Brito, Sibele Borsuk, Jorge Alberto López Rodríguez, Isabel Bezerra Lima-Verde, Francine Ferreira Padilha

“…All proteins showed distinct immunodominant epitopes and potential antigenic characteristics. The only proteins expressed were PTS and Ribonuclease. …”
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Therapeutic potential of the neutralizing monoclonal antibody 45G3 against encephalomyocarditis virus by Yanfang Zhang, Zhiying Wang, Yaohui Fang, Qiong Zhu, Jie Fu, Sijing Hu, Jiayin Jin, Min Zhou, Xijia Liu, Danna Zhang, Shouwei Huang, Yali Deng, Lingling Xie, Shu Shen, Jing Ye, Fei Deng, Shengbo Cao

“…This antibody exhibited high specificity for EMCV conformational epitopes, excluding linear epitopes, and demonstrated potent in vitro neutralizing activity, with an IC50 of 0.01873 μg/mL. …”
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Biparatopic antibodies: therapeutic applications and prospects by David L. Niquille, Kyle M. Fitzgerald, Nimish Gera

“…Biparatopic antibodies (bpAbs) bind distinct, non-overlapping epitopes on an antigen. This unique binding mode enables new mechanisms of action beyond monospecific and bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) that can make bpAbs effective therapeutics for various indications, including oncology and infectious diseases. …”
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1.4 nm gold nanoparticle-antibody conjugates for in situ gold immunolabelling after transduction into living human cells by Groysbeck, Nadja, Haeberlé, Anne Marie, Ory, Stéphane, Hanss, Victor, Eltsov, Mikhael, Schultz, Patrick, Zuber, Guy

“…Their abilities to bind to and label their corresponding epitopes within living cells after cytosolic delivery by electroporation are documented here.…”
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Role of Adaptive Immunity in Alcoholic Liver Disease by Emanuele Albano

“…Patients with advanced ALD have circulating IgG and T-lymphocytes recognizing epitopes derived from protein modification by hydroxyethyl free radicals and end products of lipid-peroxidation. …”
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Developability considerations for bispecific and multispecific antibodies by Alaa Amash, Gesa Volkers, Patrick Farber, Daniel Griffin, K. Shawn Davison, Allison Goodman, Raffi Tonikian, Aaron Yamniuk, Bryan Barnhart, Tim Jacobs

“…Bispecific antibodies (bsAb) and multispecific antibodies (msAb) encompass a diverse variety of formats that can concurrently bind multiple epitopes, unlocking mechanisms to address previously difficult-to-treat or incurable diseases. …”
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A tailored lectin microarray for rapid glycan profiling of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies by Shen Luo, Baolin Zhang

“…These lectins have been specifically tailored to selectively bind to common N-glycan epitopes found in therapeutic IgG antibodies. By utilizing intact glycoprotein samples, our nine-lectin microarray provides a high-throughput platform for rapid glycan profiling, enabling comparative analysis of glycosylation patterns. …”
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