Pirfenidone regulates seizures through the HMGB1/TLR4 axis to improve cognitive functions and modulate oxidative stress and neurotransmitters in PTZ-induced kindling in mice by Mansi Dahalia, Sparsh Gupta, Haya Majid, Divya Vohora, Nidhi

“…Seizure severity and cognitive function were assessed in the pentylenetetrazol-kindling model, along with biochemical assays that evaluated antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory markers, neurotransmitter levels, and liver enzyme levels. …”
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Nonclassical Axis of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Neprilysin: Key Mediators That Underlie the Cardioprotective Effect of PPAR-Alpha Activation during Myocardial Ischemia in a M... by María Sánchez-Aguilar, Luz Ibarra-Lara, Leonardo del Valle-Mondragón, Elizabeth Soria-Castro, Juan Carlos Torres-Narváez, Elizabeth Carreón-Torres, Alicia Sánchez-Mendoza, María Esther Rubio-Ruíz

“…Ischemia activated the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin II/angiotensin receptor 1 (AT1R) and angiotensin III/angiotensin IV/angiotensin receptor 4 (AT4R)-IRAP axes. …”
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The effect of silymarin on ischemia-reperfusion injury in skeletal muscles of rats by Abdullah Ozer, Basak Kocak, Mustafa Arslan, Baris Mardin, Aysegul Kucuk, Saban Cem Sezen, Mustafa Hakan Zor, Mustafa Kavutcu

“…The activity of the CAT enzyme was much higher in Group I/R compared to Group C. …”
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The first experience of two-stage treatment of transsphincteric fistulas of rectum by means of fibrin sealant by S. A. Frolov, A. M. Kuzminov, V. Yu. Korolik, I. S. Bogormistrov, M. O. Chernozhukova, Sh. T. Minbayev

“…To improve the short­term and long­term results of transsphincteric rectal fistulas treatment by patented two­stage method that includes elimination of fistulous tract with the subsequent enzyme treatment of the wound channel and delayed sealing by two­component biological glue. …”
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Differentiated effects and mechanisms of N-, P-, S-, and Fe-modified biochar materials for remediating Cd- and Pb-contaminated calcareous soil by Amir Bostani, Xingying Meng, Le Jiao, Srđan D. Rončević, Peng Zhang, Hongwen Sun

“…Additionally, PBC promoted the growth, enzyme activity, and tolerance to Cd- and Pb-contaminated soil of Chinese cabbage. …”
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Fusion to Flaviviral Leader Peptide Targets HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase for Secretion and Reduces Its Enzymatic Activity and Ability to Induce Oxidative Stress but Has No Major Eff... by Anastasia Latanova, Stefan Petkov, Yulia Kuzmenko, Athina Kilpeläinen, Alexander Ivanov, Olga Smirnova, Olga Krotova, Sergey Korolev, Jorma Hinkula, Vadim Karpov, Maria Isaguliants, Elizaveta Starodubova

“…Reverse transcriptase (RT) is a key enzyme in viral replication and susceptibility to ART and a crucial target of immunotherapy against drug-resistant HIV-1. …”
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In-silico study of E169G and F242K double mutations in leucine-rich repeats (LRR) polygalacturonase inhibiting protein (PGIP) of Gossypium barbadense and associated defense mechani... by Sneha Murmu, Mayank Rashmi, Dipak T. Nagrale, Tejasman Kour, Mahender Kumar Singh, Anurag Chaurasia, Santosh Kumar Behera, Raja Shankar, Rajiv Ranjan, Girish Kumar Jha, Shailesh P. Gawande, Neelakanth S. Hiremani, Y. G. Prasad, Sunil Kumar

“…Abstract Background Polygalacturonase inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) play a pivotal role in plant defense against plant pathogens by inhibiting polygalacturonase (PG), an enzyme produced by pathogens to degrade plant cell wall pectin. …”
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Enzymatic hydrolysis of silkworm pupa and its allergenicity evaluation by animal model with different immunization routes by Yan Dai, Meijia Huang, Yujuan Xu, Lixia Mu, Jingyan Gao, Hongbing Chen, Zhihua Wu, Anshu Yang, Yong Wu, Xin Li

“…Silkworm pupa is a nourishing food with high nutritional value, but its consumption has been greatly limited given its allergenicity. Enzyme hydrolytic technique is recognized as an effective method to reduce the allergenicity of protein. …”
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Evaluation of Humoral Immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific Antigens for Correlation with Clinical Status and Effective Vaccine Development by Mamiko Niki, Maho Suzukawa, Shunsuke Akashi, Hideaki Nagai, Ken Ohta, Manabu Inoue, Makoto Niki, Yukihiro Kaneko, Kozo Morimoto, Atsuyuki Kurashima, Seigo Kitada, Sohkichi Matsumoto, Koichi Suzuki, Yoshihiko Hoshino

“…However, the recent failure of a clinical trial for a booster BCG vaccine and increasing evidence of antibody-mediated immunity prompted us to evaluate humoral immunity to Mtb-specific antigens. Using Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSpot and Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assays, we observed less correlation of both CMI and IgG titers with patient clinical status, including serum concentration of C reactive protein. …”
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Association of Haemostatic and Inflammatory Biomarkers with Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus by Caroline Pereira Domingueti, Rodrigo Bastos Fóscolo, Janice Sepúlveda Reis, Fernanda Magalhães Freire Campos, Luci Maria S. Dusse, Maria das Graças Carvalho, Karina Braga Gomes, Ana Paula Fernandes

“…VWF, ADAMTS13 antigen, and D-Dimer plasma levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and ADAMTS13 activity was assessed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay. …”
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Synergistic effects of Vachellia nilotica-derived zinc oxide nanoparticles and melatonin on drought tolerance in Fragaria × ananassa by Tauseef Anwar, Alia Safdar, Huma Qureshi, Ejaz Hussain Siddiqi, Naimat Ullah, Muhammad Tahir Naseem, Walid Soufan

“…Growth and stress parameters included shoot/root length, fruit biomass, bud number, chlorophyll content, oxidative stress markers (H₂O₂, MDA), and antioxidant enzyme activities in the leaves of Fragaria × ananassa. …”
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Analysis of five cases showing false-high Hemoglobin A1c due to reduced catalase activity by Kenji Hara, Atsushi Ujiie, Shiori Suzuki, Takenori Okumura, Mio Kubo, Hiroyuki Shinozaki, Mototaka Yamauchi, Takafumi Tsuchiya, Kohzo Takebayashi, Nobuyuki Shimozawa, Masafumi Koga, Koshi Hashimoto

“…We encountered five cases that exhibited false-high Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels when samples were examined using the enzyme-based NORUDIA N HbA1c kit. HbA1c levels were higher than those obtained using other methods, such as HPLC, immune-based methods, and other enzyme-based kits. …”
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Susceptibility to organophosphate insecticides in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from northern Colombia and associated resistance mechanisms by María Claudia Atencia-Pineda, Javier García-Leal, Diana Diaz-Ortiz, Paula Pareja-Loaiza, Lisandro Pacheco-Lugo, Richard Hoyos-López, Alfonso Calderón-Rangel, Pedro Fragozo-Castilla, Selene M. Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Adriana E. Flores, Ronald Maestre-Serrano

“…Results The populations were susceptible to temephos and malathion but resistant to fenitrothion, and in three of them, to pirimiphos-methyl. Alterations in the enzyme activity levels of α-esterases and β-esterases, GST, and iAChE were observed among the populations, with high enzyme activity levels of α and β esterases associated with resistance to fenitrothion. …”
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Comparison of lignin degradation and flavor compound formation in roasted tobacco by two Bacillus subtilis strains by Junmin Wang, Teng Long, Zhenkun Jiang, Wenjun Mu, Mingliang Su, Li Ni, Shunhua Ji, Yuqing Wang, Kangxi Zhou, Renfeng Zhan, Lixuan Nie, Jingjing Li, Xingchuan Hu, Wei He, Wen Zhang

“…The predominant lignin-degrading enzymes produced by these strains were lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP), respectively. …”
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Lipid mediators in post-mortem brain samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review by Aidan D. Tyrrell, Giulia Cisbani, Mackenzie E. Smith, Chuck T. Chen, Yue-Tong Chen, Raphael Chouinard-Watkins, Kathryn E. Hopperton, Ameer Y. Taha, Richard P. Bazinet

“…Thirty-seven articles reported on enzymes, with 32 reporting values for enzyme level changes between AD and controls. …”
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Whole genome sequencing of a novel carrageenan-degrading bacterium Photobacterium rosenbergii and oligosaccharide preparation by Jing Chen, Jing Chen, Runmin Chen, Kit-Leong Cheong, Zhuo Wang, Rui Li, Xuejing Jia, Qiaoli Zhao, Xiaofei Liu, Bingbing Song, Saiyi Zhong, Saiyi Zhong

“…GDSX-4 exhibited remarkable carrageenan-degrading activity, with a specific enzyme activity of 46.94 U/mg. Optimal hydrolysis conditions were determined to be 40°C and pH 7.0, with the enzyme retaining 80% of its activity below 30°C and across a pH range of 4.0–10.0. …”
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The Role of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Samuel García, Carmen Conde

“…Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a nuclear enzyme with a crucial role in the maintenance of genomic stability. …”
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A singularly perturbed HIV model with treatment and antigenic variation by Nara Bobko, Jorge P. Zubelli

“…We study the long term dynamics and the multiscale aspects of a within-host HIV model that takes into account both mutation and treatment with enzyme inhibitors. This model generalizes a number of other models that have been extensively used to describe the HIV dynamics. …”
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Contemporary treatment of renovascular hypertension by A.V. Khokhlov, M.V. Shymanko, A.O. Maksakov, M.V. Stan, K.S. Boiko, V.Yu. Kundin

“…According to current guidelines, there are three interrelated strategies for treatment of renovascular hypertension: antihypertensive drug therapy (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers and calcium antagonists), invasive (percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty and stenting) and surgical (revascularization or nephrectomy) treatment. …”
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McArdle's Disease Presenting as Unexplained Dyspnea in a Young Woman by Nha Voduc, Katherine A Webb, Christine D'Arsigny, Ian McBride, Denis E O'Donnell

“…McArdle's disease is a rare, inherited deficiency of myophosphorylase, an enzyme required for the utilization of glycogen. Patients with myophosphorylase deficiency classically present with exercise intolerance, leg pain and muscle fatigue. …”
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