Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors: Raynaud's and beyond by Sanat Phatak, Sajal Ajmani, Vikas Agarwal, Durga Prasanna Misra

“…Phosphodiesterases (PDE) are a group of ubiquitously present enzymes involved in regulation of various cellular pathways. …”
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Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Angiogenesis and Its Implications in Asthma by Khuloud Bajbouj, Rakhee K. Ramakrishnan, Qutayba Hamid

“…In addition to facilitating extracellular matrix turnover, these proteolytic enzymes cleave bioactive molecules, thereby regulating cell signaling. …”
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Primary MRSA Myositis Mimicking Septic Arthritis by Mohammad Abu-Abaa, Amy Pulikeyil, Hassaan Arshad, Daniel Goldsmith

“…This case serves to remind clinicians that infectious myositis is gaining more incidence in nontropical regions and can masquerade as septic arthritis, requiring a high index of suspicion. Normal muscle enzymes like CK and aldolase do not rule out myositis.…”
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Influenza Viral Manipulation of Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling to Modulate Host Defense System by Madhuvanthi Vijayan, Bumsuk Hahm

“…While sphingolipids such as sphingomyelin and ceramide were reported to influence the entry step of several viruses, sphingolipid-metabolizing enzymes could directly alter viral replication processes. …”
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Effect of vermiwash of Eisenia foetida produced by different methods on seed germination of green mung, Vigna radia by Amita Chattopadhyay

“…Vermiwash contains enzymes, macro and micronutrients that could stimulate the growth and yield of crops. …”
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Pretreatment Methods for Producing Bioethanol from Biomass by Sevgi Fersiz

“…The biomass after pretreatment can be easily divided as biologically and thus, access of enzymes to raw materials accelerates. It is a significantly important matter for the selected pretreatment methods to be cheap, simple, effective and environmentally safe.…”
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Alteration of Phenolic and Volatile Compounds of Tea Leaf Extract by Tyrosinase and β-Glucosidase during Preparation of Ready-to-Drink Tea on Farm by Dea Risfika Faustina, Rachmad Gunadi, Aprilia Fitriani, Supriyadi Supriyadi

“…There was an alternative way to produce RTD black tea directly on the farm to reduce time production and improve the quality of black tea using exogenous enzymes, i.e., tyrosinase and β-glucosidase. Tyrosinase was investigated for the ability to improve the color of tea extract by oxidize the phenolic content of green tea leaves to theaflavin and thearubigin, and β-glucosidase can enhance the volatile compounds by hydrolyze glycosidic bonds in tea leaves. …”
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Synaptic Cell Adhesion Molecules in Alzheimer’s Disease by Iryna Leshchyns’ka, Vladimir Sytnyk

“…Synaptic cell adhesion molecules also regulate the production of Aβ via interaction with the key enzymes involved in Aβ formation. Aβ-dependent changes in synaptic adhesion affect the function and integrity of synapses suggesting that alterations in synaptic adhesion play key roles in the disruption of neuronal networks in AD.…”
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Phage Therapy -- Everything Old Is New again by Andrew M Kropinski

“…They also provide a plethora of enzymes for the modern molecular biologist. Until the introduction of antibiotics, phages were used to treat bacterial infections (with variable success). …”
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The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria by Robin Ristl, Kerstin Steiner, Kristof Zarschler, Sonja Zayni, Paul Messner, Christina Schäffer

“…X-ray crystallography experiments allowed first insights into the catalysis mechanism of selected enzymes. In the future, it will be exciting to fully exploit the S-layer glycome for glycoengineering purposes and to link it to the bacterial interactome.…”
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The Matrix Metalloproteases and Endothelin-1 in Infection-Associated Preterm Birth by Nicole S. Olgun, Sandra E. Reznik

“…The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of enzymes that have been implicated in normal parturition as well as infection-triggered rupture of membranes and preterm birth. …”
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Carriage of Neisseria Species in Communities with Different Rates of Meningococcal Disease by Nicole Le Saux, Fraser Ashton, Maksudar Rahman, Alan Ryan, Edward Ellis, Susan Tamblyn, Joan Morris, Al Borczyk, Caroll Mallory, Donald Mikel, Stephen Thompson, Lyall Black, Barbara Lacey, Chandar Anand

“…The clone isolated from patients was not present among the carrier strains as determined by sero- and subtyping and electrophoretic analysis of metabolic enzymes. Age greater than six years was the only factor associated with colonization with N meningitidis.…”
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Quantifying Changes in the Cellular Thiol-Disulfide Status during Differentiation of B Cells into Antibody-Secreting Plasma Cells by Rosa E. Hansen, Mieko Otsu, Ineke Braakman, Jakob R. Winther

“…To accommodate this load on the secretory machinery, the differentiation of resting B cells into antibody-secreting plasma cells is accompanied by a preferential expansion of the secretory compartments of the cells and by an up-regulation of enzymes involved in redox regulation and protein folding. …”
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Inherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency disorders: a new group of inherited metabolic disorders by Michał Patalan, Alicja Leśniak, Justyna Paprocka, Agnieszka Zubkiewicz-Kucharska, Kaja Giżewska-Kacprzak, Marta Glińska, Lidia Babiak-Choroszczak, Maria Giżewska, Robert Śmigiel

“…These glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins are an important part of receptors, function as hydrolytic enzymes, and play a crucial role in molecules adhesion, immune response, embryogenesis and neurogenesis. …”
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SOCS1 deficiency—crossroads of autoimmunity and autoinflammation—two case reports by Kajetan Trojovsky, Maximilian Seidl, Florian Babor, Stephan Ehl, Stephan Ehl, Min Ae Lee-Kirsch, Michael Friedt, Hans-Juergen Laws, Nibras Naami, Prasad Thomas Oommen, Sujal Ghosh

“…Patient 1, a 16-year-old male from Guinea, presented with Evans Syndrome, musculoskeletal pain and elevated liver enzymes. Patient 2, a 6-year-old German boy, developed recurrent oral aphthous ulcers, mild inflammatory bowel disease and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis. …”
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Polymeric nanoreactors for catalytic applications by Abou-Fayssal, Chantal Joseph, Poli, Rinaldo, Philippot, Karine, Riisager, Anders, Manoury, Eric

“…Mimicking Nature is one drive for chemists to design efficient architectures matching the activity and selectivity of natural catalytic systems, such as enzymes. To this extent, the developed architectures need to have a selective and active site for the transformation of a given substrate to a target product. …”
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Computational Perspectives into Plasmepsins Structure—Function Relationship: Implications to Inhibitors Design by Alejandro Gil L., Pedro A. Valiente, Pedro G. Pascutti, Tirso Pons

“…Combinatorial synthesis is currently being used to generate inhibitor libraries for these enzymes, and together with computational methodologies have been demonstrated capable for the selection of lead compounds. …”
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Mild Clinical Course of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Infection in an Elderly Japanese Patient by Yuko Ohagi, Shinobu Tamura, Chiaki Nakamoto, Hiromichi Nakamoto, Masayuki Saijo, Masayuki Shimojima, Yoshio Nakano, Tokuzo Fujimoto

“…Laboratory data revealed thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and elevated liver enzymes. She was then referred to our hospital. Although not completely fulfilling the diagnostic criteria used in a retrospective study in Japan, SFTS was suspected, and we detected SFTS virus in the patient’s blood using RT-PCR. …”
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Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone Cholestasis and Pericardial Effusion Due to Brucellosis Infection: A Case Report by Ahmet Cumhur Dülger, Özgür Kemik, Aziz Sümer, Hüseyin Akdeniz, Mehmet Emin Küçükoğlu, Esra Turan Canbaz, Veyis Itik, Enver Aytemiz

“…In addition to cholestasis and elevated liver enzymes, euvolemic hyponatremia, hypouricemia, low plasma osmolality, and high urinary osmolality were also detected. …”
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Adenine, a key player in biology and medicinal chemistry by Fillion, Alexandra, Vichier-Guerre, Sophie, Arimondo, Paola Barbara

“…In addition of being one of the four nucleobases constituting DNA and RNA, adenine is also contained in many biological molecules (ATP, SAM, NAD, cAMP, coA ...) that have fundamental roles in the functioning of living systems, e.g. energy source, cofactors of enzymes and proteins. As such, the adenine has naturally become a privileged scaffold explored in medicinal chemistry for biomedical applications. …”
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