Serum Level Alteration of IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ in Groups of Healthy Adults with Oxidative DNA Damage in Najaf Governorate by Dhuha S. Saleh, Hayder S. Hussain, Hasan N. Al-Haidari, Samia K. Abbas, Ayaid K. Zgair, Seenaa M. Ali

“…The present study aims to determine the effect of uranium pollution and DNA damage on the immune system function in terms of estimating the levels of serum interleukin (IL)-6, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and IL-1 beta (β). Method. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Sandwich method technique) was used for estimating the serum cytokines levels in test and control groups. …”
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Anticonvulsant Effects of Synthetic <i>N</i>-(3-Methoxybenzyl)oleamide and <i>N</i>-(3-Methoxybenzyl)linoleamide Macamides: An In Silico and In Vivo Study by Karin Jannet Vera-López, Jorge Alberto Aguilar-Pineda, Rodrigo Martín Moscoso-Palacios, Gonzalo Davila-Del-Carpio, José Luis Manrique-Murillo, Badhin Gómez, Minerva González-Melchor, Rita Nieto-Montesinos

“…Experimental evidence suggests that epileptic neurons are linked to the endocannabinoid system and that inhibition of the FAAH enzyme could have neuroprotective effects by increasing the levels of endogenous endocannabinoid anandamide. …”
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Activation of Delta-Opioid Receptor Protects ARPE19 Cells against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Necroptosis and Apoptosis by Inhibiting the Release of TNF-α by Runjie Guo, Ping Chen, Tiantian Fu, Ren Zhang, Yuan Zhu, Nange Jin, Hong Xu, Yong Xia, Xuesong Tian

“…TNF-α protein levels in cell lysates were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The DOR agonist TAN-67 and antagonist naltrindole (NTI) were used to pretreat cells for 1 or 2 hours before OGD24/R36 administration. …”
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Enhancement of host defense against Helicobacter pylori infection through modulation of the gastrointestinal microenvironment by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Lp05 by Yao Dong, Mei Han, Yongmei Qi, Ying Wu, Zhipeng Zhou, Dacheng Jiang, Zhonghui Gai

“…It also mitigated pathological changes in the stomach and duodenum, decreased inflammatory responses (ET, IL-17A, IL-23, TGF-beta1, and IP-10, p &lt; 0.01 for all), and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT and SOD, p &lt; 0.01) while reducing MDA and MPO levels (p &lt; 0.01), combating oxidative stress from H. pylori infection. …”
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PADI4 Haplotypes in Association with RA Mexican Patients, a New Prospect for Antigen Modulation by Maria Guadalupe Zavala-Cerna, Norma Guadalupe Gonzalez-Montoya, Arnulfo Nava, Jorge I. Gamez-Nava, Maria Cristina Moran-Moguel, Roberto Carlos Rosales-Gomez, Susan Andrea Gutierrez-Rubio, Jose Sanchez-Corona, Laura Gonzalez-Lopez, Ingrid Patricia Davalos-Rodriguez, Mario Salazar-Paramo

“…Peptidyl arginine deiminase IV (PAD 4) is the responsible enzyme for a posttranslational modification called citrullination, originating the antigenic determinant recognized by anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA). …”
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Study on the effect and mechanism of ultrasonic-assisted enzymolysis on antioxidant peptide activity in walnuts by Jiaying Huo, Zhaowei Cui, Ruru Zhang, Hui Ouyang, Xiaolong Liu, Ping Wang, Xiongwei Yu, Tingting Xie, Sihai Gao, Shugang Li

“…Results indicated that by optimizing the UAE process with neutral protease, an ultrasound power of 180 W, a 4.3 h duration and an enzyme dosage of 10 KU/g, the walnut peptides exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity. …”
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High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: Impact of Colposcopic Lesion Area on Systemic Immune Responses by Mantoani PTS, Micheli DC, Jammal MP, Vieira JH, Michelin MA, Ferreira CGX, Silva HN, Murta EFC, Nomelini RS

“…The objectives of the study were to determine whether colposcopic lesion area is associated with serum levels of cytokines IL (interleukin) − 1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and TNF-α in precursor lesions of cervical cancer.Methods: The study population comprised patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion who had undergone colposcopy, cervical biopsy, and measurements of serum cytokines by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Genotyping for HPV (human papillomavirus) 16, 18, 45 and 52 was performed by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). …”
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Elimination of olfactory sensory neurons by zinc sulfate inoculation prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection of the brain in K18-hACE2 transgenic mice by Ji-Hun Lee, Eun-Seon Yoo, Na-Won Kim, Won-Yong Shim, Han-Bi Jeong, Dong-Hyun Kim, Young-Jun Park, Sun-Min Seo, Jun-Won Yun, Jun Won Park, Kang-Seuk Choi, Ho-Young Lee, Jun-Young Seo, Ki Taek Nam, Je Kyung Seong, Yang-Kyu Choi

“…Using a K18-human angiotensin converting-enzyme 2 (hACE2) transgenic mouse model with impaired olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) induced by zinc sulfate, we examined the role of the olfactory nerve in the brain invasion by SARS-CoV-2. …”
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Acute effect of endurance exercise on human milk insulin concentrations: a randomised cross-over study by Rebecca Lyng Holm, Mads Holmen, Md Abu Jafar Sujan, Md Abu Jafar Sujan, Guro F. Giskeødegård, Trine Moholdt, Trine Moholdt

“…We determined insulin concentrations in the milk using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared insulin concentrations after MICT and HIIT with REST using a linear mixed model with time-points and the interaction between time and condition as fixed factors.ResultsWe detected insulin in all 240 samples, with an average concentration of 12.3 (SD 8.8) μIU/mL (range 3.2–57.2 μIU/mL). …”
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Study of the neuroprotective properties of metformin in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus and brain injury induced by intracerebral hemorrhage by V.L. Holubiev, M.H. Oberemok, V.A. Tkachenko, Yu.V. Kharchenko, O.O. Bondarenko, A.E. Lievykh, V.I. Zhyliuk

“…Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and lactate were measured by spectrophotometry, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) by quantitative fluorescence, level of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Histopathological examination was performed using general histological staining techniques and immunohistochemical methods for assessment of expression of endothelial NO-synthase (eNOS), Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP43), Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), neural cadherine (N-cadherine) and vascular endothelial cadherine (VE-cadherine). …”
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Case report: VEXAS syndrome: first documented cases in Latin America by Carolina Ottati, Inés Gervaz, Inés Gervaz, Martín Yandian, Martín Yandian, Matilde Boada, Matilde Boada, Gabriela Vidal-Senmache, Percy Ortiz-Guerra, Ana I. Catalán, Patricia Kutscher, Diego Lopez, Lilian Diaz, Sofia Grille, Sofia Grille

“…IntroductionVEXAS syndrome (Vacuoles, E1 Enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) is a recently identified disorder associated with somatic mutations in the UBA1 gene. …”
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Effect of Simple Reaction Speed Training on Executive Function of the Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment by Hong ZHANG, Xiaofei WEI, Congyong LIU, Kaili QIAN, Chun LI, Rang LI, Yuan JIANG

“…Moreover, the serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the blood before and after intervention was detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively.Results:Compared with before intervention, the scores of conversion, working memory, planning, task monitoring, MI, total standard scores, TMT-B and interference in the observation group after intervention for three months were significantly lower, KST, TJT, ZMT, total standard scores and level of serum BDNF of the observation group after intervention were significantly higher (<italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.05); compared with the control group, the scores of conversion, task initiation, working memory, planning, BRI, MI, total standard scores, TMT-B and interferences of the observation group were significantly lower, and RSCT, KST, TJT, ZMT, total standard scores and level of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) of the observation group were significantly high (<italic>P</italic>&lt; 0.05).Conclusion:Simple reaction speed training can improve the executive function, brain nerve function, and effectively delay cognitive decline of elderly with MCI.…”
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Preparation and Anti-fatigue Function of Weizmannia coagulans BC99 Emergency Energy Bar by Haodan GUO, Ying WU, Yuqiong WEI, Li CAO, Zhouya BAI, Qiuxia FAN, Nan PENG, Shaobin GU

“…The intervention with the W. coagulans BC99 energy bar resulted in significantly increased levels of liver glycogen and muscle glycogen (P<0.05), significantly enhanced glucose metabolism key enzyme hexokinase (P<0.05), significant reduction in fatigue factors lactate and urea nitrogen in serum (P<0.05), regulated levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-4 and interleukin-1β, significantly increased levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione (P<0.05), and significantly decreased levels of malondialdehyde (P<0.05). …”
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Exploration of alcohol dehydrogenase EutG from Bacillus tropicus as an eco-friendly approach for the degradation of polycyclic aromatic compounds by Muhammad Naveed, Fatima Iqbal, Tariq Aziz, Ayesha Saleem, Tayyab Javed, Mahrukh Afzal, Muhammad Waseem, Metab Alharbi, Thamer H. Albekairi

“…Lastly, in-silico site-directed mutagenesis studies were performed which showed that the EutG gene (codes for alcoholic dehydrogenase) obtained from B. tropicus, will not get altered or have any decreasing effect on the enzyme’s stability if it goes through any mutations. …”
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Targeting Siglec-E facilitates tumor vaccine-induced antitumor immunity in renal carcinoma by Yuchen Zhang, Junnian Zheng, Li Sun, Guangya Zhao, Yingxiang Shao, Bowen Lu, Jiage Ding, Yanyan Zheng, Renjin Chen, Dafei Chai, Jiawei Wang, Zichun Zhang, Xiaohui Xie

“…Immune responses induced by Ad-Siglec-E/CAIX were assessed in vitro and in vivo using flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, histological analysis, cell proliferation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) killing, and cell depletion assays.Results Ad-Siglec-E/CAIX vaccine induced the increase of tumor-infiltrated immune cells, and significantly suppressed the subcutaneous tumor growth of renal carcinoma. …”
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Transcriptomic and enzymatic analysis of peroxidase families at the early growth stage of halophyte ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) under salt stress by Li-Ching Hsieh, Chia-Che Lee, Kai-Fu Zhang, Hui-Hsien Chang, Cheng-Hsun Li, Hsuan-Jung Huang, Hungchen Emilie Yen

“…This study comprehensively analyzed changes in gene expression, antioxidant enzyme activity, and ROS accumulation in ice plant seedlings. …”
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NLRP3 deficiency aggravated DNFB-induced chronic itch by enhancing type 2 immunity IL-4/TSLP-TRPA1 axis in mice by Si-Ting Huang, Zuo-Ming Chen, Zhe Peng, Yu Wang, Fan Yang, Yang Tang, Zi Li, Li Wan, Li Wan

“…Quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry staining, immunofluorescence staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to examine the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome, type 2 immunity and receptors in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons related with chronic itch. …”
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Remote Continuous Microinjury-Triggered Cytokines Facilitate Severe Diabetic Foot Ulcer Healing via the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK Pathway by Huang X, Liu J, Wu X, Mo Y, Luo X, Yang Y, Yang C, Liang X, Liang R, Chen Y, Fan Z, Lu W, Chen Y, Hua Q

“…Wound measurement and histology were performed to evaluate the wound healing processes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and Western Blot were used to assess angiogenesis and the activity of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.Results: We found accelerated wound healing, improved epidermal continuity, and increased dermal thickness in the TTT group than the control and the sham groups. …”
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High Serum Asprosin Levels Are Associated with Presence of Metabolic Syndrome by Tao Hong, Jiao-Yang Li, Ya-Di Wang, Xiao-Yan Qi, Zhe-Zhen Liao, Poonam Bhadel, Li Ran, Jing Yang, Bin Yan, Jiang-Hua Liu, Xin-Hua Xiao

“…Serum asprosin concentrations were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lipid profile, glucose, insulin, and inflammatory markers were also measured. …”
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Association of serum and local GRP78 and CHOP expressions with disease progression in patients with non-traumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head by Peng Zhang, Qing-He Ye, Wen-Xiu Zhu, Yong-Heng Zhao, Hong-Xun Zhu, Biao-Fang Wei

“…Serum CHOP and GRP78 levels were determined through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Local CHOP and GRP78 expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry, western blot, alongside real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). …”
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