Effects of ALA-PDT on the murine footpad model of Fonsecaea monophora infection and its related mechanisms in vivo by Xuelin Wu, Wenyi Chen, Muhammad Danish Yaqoob, Kangxing Liu, Yanqing Hu, Yan Lu, Yongxuan Hu

“…Serum cytokines TNF-α, GM-CSF, IL-4, and IL-10 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to indicate changes in the immune microenvironment after PDT. …”
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Increased NTPDase Activity in Lymphocytes during Experimental Sepsis by Claudia de Mello Bertoncheli, Carine Eloise Prestes Zimmermann, Jeandre Augusto dos Santos Jaques, Cláudio Alberto Martins Leal, Jader Betsch Ruchel, Bruna Cipolatto Rocha, Kelly de Vargas Pinheiro, Viviane do Carmo Gonçalves Souza, Daniel Roulim Stainki, Sônia Cristina Almeida Luz, Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger, Daniela Bitencourt Rosa Leal

“…We investigated in rats induced to sepsis the activity of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase; CD39; E.C. 3.6.1.5), an enzyme involved in the modulation of immune responses. …”
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Chronic Inhibition of FAAH Reduces Depressive-Like Behavior and Improves Dentate Gyrus Proliferation after Chronic Unpredictable Stress Exposure by A. R. Tejeda-Martínez, J. M. Viveros-Paredes, G. V. Hidalgo-Franco, E. Pardo-González, V. Chaparro-Huerta, R. E. González-Castañeda, M. E. Flores-Soto

“…Most of these auspicious responses to enzyme inhibitor administration were blocked by employing a cannabinoid receptor antagonist. …”
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Regulation of enzymatic lipid peroxidation in osteoblasts protects against postmenopausal osteoporosis by Qiong-Yi Zhang, Hai-Biao Gong, Man-Ya Jiang, Fujun Jin, Guan Wang, Chang-Yu Yan, Xiang Luo, Wan-Yang Sun, Shu-Hua Ouyang, Yan-Ping Wu, Wen-Jun Duan, Lei Liang, Yun-Feng Cao, Xin-Xin Sun, Meijing Liu, Gen-Long Jiao, Hua-Jun Wang, Kurihara Hiroshi, Xiaogang Wang, Rong-Rong He, Yi-Fang Li

“…Estrogen regulates the transcription of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), an enzyme crucial for reducing phospholipid peroxides in osteoblasts. …”
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Prognostic Value of CXCL13, CCL11, and CCL20 Chemokines in Multiple Sclerosis by Işıl Peker, Hacer Eroğlu İçli, Belgin Mutluay, Burcu Yüksel, Zeynep Özdemir, Mesrure Köseoğlu, Aysu Şen, Dilek Ataklı, Aysun Soysal, Musa Öztürk

“…Chemokine levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. …”
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Plant-Based Antigen Production Strategy for SARS-CoV-2 Nucleoprotein and RBD and Its Application for Detection of Antibody Responses in COVID-19 Patients by Katerina Takova, Valeria Tonova, Ivan Minkov, Eugenia S. Mardanova, Nikolai V. Ravin, Stanislav Kotsev, Maria Pishmisheva, Gergana Zahmanova

“…The purified N protein and HEV/RBD protein were used to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) for the detection of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in human sera. …”
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Arctiin Protects Chondrocytes from Interleukin-1β-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis by RNA Sequence In vivo and In vitro by Yong-Jia Song, Jia-Min Bao, Zeng-Qiao Zhang, Yun-Xiang Hai, Hao-Nan Wen, Tian-Jun Zhai, Wei Feng, Min Song

“…Techniques such as biochemical assays, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence labeling were employed to detect changes in nitric oxide (NO), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), inflammatory markers, and components of the cartilage matrix in chondrocytes. …”
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Association between latent toxoplasmosis and bipolar disorder: a case-control seroprevalence study by Abdol Sattar Pagheh, Adele Sadat Talebian, Tooran Nayeri, Ali Akbar Esmaeili, Fatemeh Rezaei, Eisa Nazar, Masood Ziaee

“…Methods In this case-control study, anti-Toxoplasma immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM antibodies were measured in serum samples from 115 patients with BD and 115 subjects without this disorder from the general population using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Demographic characteristics of the patient and control groups, information about T. gondii infection and BD, and their potential risk factors were analyzed. …”
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Bisphenol A induces apoptosis and disrupts testosterone synthesis in TM3 cells via reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial pathway and autophagic flux inhibition by Wenzhe Yang, Feilong Pan, Tong Zhao, Fangfang Chen, Wenqi Shao, Jinhao Wang, Shirui Wang, Zichen Zhao, Kexiang Liu, Shuchen Zhao, Lijia Zhao

“…BPA treatment increased ROS production, which led to a marked decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity and the expression levels of antioxidant-related genes and proteins in TM3 cells. …”
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The Predictive Value of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 in Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation after Catheter Ablation by Ying Wei, Shuwang Liu, Haiyi Yu, Yuan Zhang, Wei Gao, Ming Cui, Lei Li

“…Blood samples on the second morning of hospital admission and three months after RFCA were collected, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the concentration of GDF-15. …”
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Association of Light’s Criteria with Pleural Fluid Procalcitonin Levels and Ultrasound Thorax with its Impact on the Management of Pleural Effusion: A Cross-sectional Study by BK Likhitha, Keertivardhan D Kulkarni, Madhav Mahawar

“…Ultrasound of the thorax was performed on each patient, Light’s criteria were calculated and pleural fluid PCT levels was measured via Enzyme-linked Immunusorbent Assay (ELISA). Categorical variables between the two groups (exudative group and transudative group) were compared using the Chi-square/Mann-Whitney U test, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. …”
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Synthesis, X-Ray Crystal Structures, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Studies of a Series of Barbiturate Derivatives by Assem Barakat, Hazem A. Ghabbour, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid, Qurat-ul-ain, Rehan Imad, Kulsoom Javaid, Nimra Naveed Shaikh, Sammer Yousuf, M. Iqbal Choudhary, Abdul Wadood

“…Compounds 4a–4e (IC50=101.8±0.8–124.4±4.4 μM) and 4g (IC50=104.1±1.9 μM) were more potent antioxidants than the standard (BHT, IC50=128.8±2.1 μM). The enzyme inhibition potential of these compounds was also evaluated, in vitro, against thymidine phosphorylase, α-glucosidase, and β-glucuronidase enzymes. …”
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Effect of triple-frequency sono-germination and soaking treatments on techno-functional characteristics of barley by Tabussam Tufail, Huma Bader Ul Ain, Jawad Ashraf, Muhammad Safiullah Virk, Zahoor Ahmed, Mokhtar Dabbour, Tawfiq Alsulami, Suleiman Althawab, Bin Xu

“…The study also found increased γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) levels and antidiabetic potential through inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Further, gene expression analysis revealed differential regulation of phenylpropanoid pathway genes, contributing to the bioactive compound enhancement. …”
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Direct targeting of risk factors significantly increases the detection of liver cirrhosis in primary care: a cross-sectional diagnostic study utilising transient elastography by Guruprasad P Aithal, Indra Neil Guha, Stephen D Ryder, Emilie A Wilkes, David J Harman, Martin W James, Matthew Jelpke, Dominic S Ottey, Timothy R Card

“…Importantly, 71/98 (72.4%) patients with elevated liver stiffness had normal liver enzymes and would be missed by traditional investigation algorithms. …”
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TNF-α Enhances the Therapeutic Effects of MenSC-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles on Inflammatory Bowel Disease through Macrophage Polarization by miR-24-3p by Huikang Xu, Jiamin Fu, Lijun Chen, Sining Zhou, Yangxin Fang, Qi Zhang, Xin Chen, Li Yuan, Yifei Li, Zhenyu Xu, Charlie Xiang

“…The small EVs secreted by TNF-α-stimulating MenSCs were more effective in colonic mice than those secreted directly by MenSCs, as evidenced by the results of histopathology analysis of colonic tissue, immunohistochemistry for tight junction proteins, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for cytokine expression profiles in vivo. …”
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Effects of lipid levels on growth performance and glucose and lipid metabolism of adult Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with high carbohydrate diets by Ningning Xie, Jianmin Zhang, Ming Jiang, Xiaolin Meng, Lixue Dong, Xing Lu, Hua Wen, Juan Tian

“…Tilapia also showed an adaption to D1 and D2 diets with increased digestive enzyme activities and enhanced mRNA expression levels of glucose carriers. …”
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Investigation into the influence of mild hypothermia on regulating ferroptosis through the P53-SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway in sepsis-induced acute lung injury by Liujun Tao, Jie Xu, Liangyan Jiang, Juntao Hu, Zhanhong Tang

“…This reduction in cystine availability compromises the activity of Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a cystine-dependent enzyme, ultimately increasing cellular susceptibility to ferroptosis. …”
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Efn1 and Efn2 are extracellular 5'-nucleotidases induced during the fission yeast response to phosphate starvation by Aleksei Innokentev, Ana M. Sanchez, Mara Monetti, Beate Schwer, Stewart Shuman

“…This study identifies two paralogous extracellular 5'-nucleotidase enzymes, Efn1 and Efn2, encoded by genes that are highly transcriptionally induced during acute phosphate starvation, as major proteins secreted into the medium by phosphate-starved fission yeast cells. …”
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Analysis of the CHS Gene Family Reveals Its Functional Responses to Hormones, Salinity, and Drought Stress in Moso Bamboo (<i>Phyllostachys edulis</i>) by Shiying Su, Xueyun Xuan, Jiaqi Tan, Zhen Yu, Yang Jiao, Zhijun Zhang, Muthusamy Ramakrishnan

“…Chalcone synthase (CHS), the first key structural enzyme in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, plays a crucial role in regulating plant responses to abiotic stresses and hormone signaling. …”
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Tumor Anti-Initiation and Anti-Progression Properties of Sulphated-Extract of Colocasia esculenta by Amira M. Gamal-Eldeen, Hassan Amer ‎, Cinderella A. ‎ Fahmy, Haytham ‎ Dahlawi, Basem H ‎ Elesawy, Nahla L. ‎ Faizo, Bassem M. ‎ Raafat

“…The amending of carcinogen metabolism and radical scavenging affinity revealed that SCE is a strong tumor anti-initiation agent via suppressing cytochrome P450-1A and enhancing glutathione and the carcinogen detoxification enzyme; glutathione S-transferase. SCE exhibited a strong scavenging affinity towards critical radicals (hydroxyl and peroxyl). …”
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