Inhibition of mPFC norepinephrine improved chronic post-thoracotomy pain in adult rats by Fan Zhang, Weicheng Qiu, Wenxiang Qing, Jin Li, Huan Chang, Rili Yu, Yanjun Zhou, Qin Liao

“…The mPFC was collected to assess norepinephrine synthase (dopamine beta-hydroxylase, DβH) and metabolic enzyme (monoamine oxidase A/B, MAO-A/B and catechol-O-methyltransferase, COMT), bradykinin, bradykinin receptor 2 (Bdkrb2), neuroinflammation (Iba1, IL-6 and TNF-α), Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and IL-33.Results Right thoracotomy reduced the mechanical withdrawal threshold and cold pain threshold around incision, the expression of AQP4 and IL-33, increased norepinephrine, DβH, bradykinin, Bdkrb2, Iba1 and IL-6, but had no impact on MAO-A, MAO-B, COMT and TNF-α in contralateral mPFC. …”
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Pyroxsulam Resistance in <i>Apera spica-venti</i>: An Emerging Challenge in Crop Protection by Soham Bhattacharya, Madhab Kumar Sen, Katerina Hamouzová, Pavlína Košnarová, Rohit Bharati, Julio Menendez, Josef Soukup

“…However, a significant difference in ALS enzyme activity between resistant and susceptible biotypes points to target-site resistance mechanisms. …”
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Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Neutral Sphinghomyelinase2 (nSMase2) Inhibitor Prodrugs in Mice and Dogs by Arina Ranjit, Chae Bin Lee, Lukáš Tenora, Vijaya Saradhi Mettu, Arindom Pal, Jesse Alt, Barbara S. Slusher, Rana Rais

“…<b>Background</b>: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can carry pathological cargo, contributing to disease progression. The enzyme neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) plays a critical role in EV biogenesis, making it a promising therapeutic target. …”
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Effects of dietary bile acid on the growth performance, intestinal health, blood biochemistry, and antioxidative response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromus niloticus) fed high-fat diets by Mahmoud A.O. Dawood, Sameh El-Dahan, Samy Elsaadawy, Ahmed E. Noreldin, Hani Sewilam

“…Furthermore, the fish-fed high-fat diet demonstrated reduced digestive enzyme activity (lipase and amylase), growth hormone (GH), and antioxidative responses (SOD, CAT, and GPx). …”
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Park7 deletion leads to sex-specific transcriptome changes involving NRF2-CYP1B1 axis in mouse midbrain astrocytes by Sergio Helgueta, Tony Heurtaux, Alessia Sciortino, Yujuan Gui, Jochen Ohnmacht, Pauline Mencke, Ibrahim Boussaad, Rashi Halder, Pierre Garcia, Rejko Krüger, Michel Mittelbronn, Manuel Buttini, Thomas Sauter, Lasse Sinkkonen

“…Depletion of DJ-1 or NRF2 in male primary astrocytes recapitulated many of the in vivo changes, including downregulation of CYP1B1, an enzyme involved in estrogen and retinoic acid metabolism. …”
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The effect of probiotic-fortified kefir on depression, appetite, oxidative stress, and inflammatory parameters in Iranian overweight and obese elderly: a randomized, double-blind,... by Mehran Noori, Zainab Shateri, Siavash Babajafari, Mohammad Hadi Eskandari, Karim Parastouei, Mohammad Ghasemi, Hoseein Afshari, Mohammad Samadi

“…Oxidative stress parameters were assessed using the standard calorimetric method, and inflammatory parameters were measured via the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA). …”
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Mechanism of Electroacupuncture on Neuropathic Pain via Regulation of CD137L in Hippocampal Glia by ZHENG Changyue, LAN Yanyan, HUANG Qiuling, JIANG Menghong, WANG Zhifu

“…The expression of hippocampal CA1 region CD137L, Iba-1, GFAP and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunofluorescence was used for the cellular localization of CD137L and receptor CD137, and to measure the Iba-1 and GFAP expression in hippocampal CA1 region.Results1) Compared with the sham operation group, mechanical pain threshold and new object recognition index in the model group significantly decreased (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01); compared with the model group, mechanical pain threshold and new object recognition index in the electroacupuncture group significantly increased (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01). 2) Compared with the sham operation group, the concentrations of CD137L, Iba-1, GFAP and TNF-α in hippocampus of rats in the model group significantly increased (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01), and the number of positive Iba-1 and GFAP immune reactions significantly increased (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01); compared with the model group, the concentrations of CD137L, Iba-1, GFAP and TNF-α in hippocampus of rats in the electroacupuncture group significantly decreased (all <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05), and the number of positive immune reactions of Iba-1 and GFAP significantly decreased (all <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01). 3) Immunofluorescence detection showed that CD137L and its receptor CD137 were significantly co-expressed with microglia marker (Iba-1) and astrocyte marker (GFAP) in hippocampal CA1 region, suggesting that CD137L and CD137 were mainly expressed in microglia and astrocytes, but not in neurons.ConclusionElectroacupuncture may play an analgesic role by reducing the expression of glial CD137L, the amount of activated glial cells and the concentrations of TNF-α.…”
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Metformin Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis Through Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Cao R, Jing J, Ma Y, Qi W, Huang X, Zhang C, Lu Z, He J, Wang G, Ma Y, Zhang H

“…Disease Activity Index (DAI) and hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) were performed to evaluate the impact of Met on UC model. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Reverse transcription - quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to detect NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vivo. …”
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Synergistic anti-oxidative/anti-inflammatory treatment for acute lung injury with selenium based chlorogenic acid nanoparticles through modulating Mapk8ip1/MAPK and Itga2b/PI3k-AKT... by Huizhen Xing, Xinwei Bai, Xiaoying Pei, Yuqi Zhang, Xueying Zhang, Shujun Chen, Dan Li, Bin Lv, Xiaoying Wang, Xiaoli Wu

“…They remarkably reduced ROS levels, and elevated the SOD and GPX enzyme activities in lung tissue to exert antioxidant effects. …”
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Identification and the molecular mechanism of novel duck liver-derived anti-inflammatory peptides in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cell model by Xiankang Fan, Laidi Zhang, Yangying Sun, Changyu Zhou, Qiang Xia, Lihui Du, Zhen Wu, Daodong Pan

“…Their splendid angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and anti-inflammatory properties were confirmed by machine learning. …”
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Effect and Mechanism of Catalpol on Behavior in Rats with Post-stroke Depression by WANG Xiangyu, ZHOU Xia, LIU Ju, LIU Fuhong, ZHANG Jiale, SUN Liping, LI Wanbin

“…The serum and hippocampus levels of 5-HT, NE, and BDNF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsCompared with the model group, the number of crossing grid, the number of standing and the total distance moved were significantly increased on the 4th and 7th day after intervention in the open field test, and the differences were significant (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05). …”
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Diagnostics and treatment of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency: clinical guidelines of the Russian gastroenterological association by V. T. Ivashkin, I. V. Mayev, A. V. Okhlobystin, S. A. Alekseyenko, Ye. V. Beloborodova, Yu. A. Kucheryavy, T. L. Lapina, A. S. Trukhmanov, I. B. Khlynov, M. V. Chikunova, A. A. Sheptulin, O. S. Shifrin

“…PEI in the state it which secretion of pancreatic enzymes into duodenum is insufficient for normal digestion of nutrients. …”
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Evaluation of the protective role of resveratrol on LPS-induced septic intestinal barrier function via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways by Zhongliang Shi, Yanna Jiao, Zhizhen Lai, Juan Liu, Bo Yang, Mahong Hu, Jianbiao Meng

“…Various techniques including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE), periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Western blot analysis (WB), and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were utilized to assess differences in inflammatory cytokine expression, histopathological changes, apoptosis, tight junction (TJ) protein, and the TLR4/MyD88/NF-кB signaling pathways. …”
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Low-Concentration Oxygen/Ozone Treatment Attenuated Radiculitis and Mechanical Allodynia via PDE2A-cAMP/cGMP-NF-κB/p65 Signaling in Chronic Radiculitis Rats by Junnan Wang, Mingyi Wu, Xiaowen Lin, Yun Li, Zhijian Fu

“…The expression of the tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A), and nuclear factor- (NF-) κB/p65 in spinal dorsal horns was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reaction, and western blot on day 7 after surgery. …”
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Improving the physiological status of broiler chickens using rosemary leaf meal and sodium bentonite as ammonia gas control agents by Mercy Chisara Ogwuegbu, Fredrick Ugochukwu Udeh, Josephine Chinenye Ugwuozor, Precious Ezinne Okoye, Joy Chimela Kalu, Emmanuel Chinonso Arum, Doctor Mziwenkosi Nhlanhla Mthiyane

“…Broilers fed 6 g RLM + 15 g SB/kg diet exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase), reduced malondialdehyde and cholesterol levels, and improved mineral composition (potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, and phosphorus). …”
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Resveratrol Alleviates NEFA-Induced Oxidative Damage in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells by Restoring Mitochondrial Function by Longwei Sun, Junpeng Huang, Xiangyang Dou, Zhenyu Dong, Yuan Li, Shujing Tan, Ran Yu, Chengmin Li, Weiguo Zhao

“…The results showed that RES ameliorated NEFA-induced oxidative damage by upregulating antioxidant enzyme expression and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). …”
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Identification of <i>ZmSNAC06</i>, a Maize NAC Family Transcription Factor with Multiple Transcripts Conferring Drought Tolerance in <i>Arabidopsis</i> by Fei Wang, Yong Chen, Ruisi Yang, Ping Luo, Houwen Wang, Runze Zhang, Wenzhe Li, Ke Yang, Xinlong Xu, Zhuanfang Hao, Xinhai Li

“…The overexpression of <i>ZmSNAC06</i>-T02 in <i>Arabidopsis</i> resulted in hypersensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) at the germination stage, and overexpression lines exhibited higher survival rates and higher antioxidant enzyme activities compared with the wild-type under drought stress. …”
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Effects of exogenous SLs on growth and physiological characteristics of flue-cured tobacco seedlings under different degrees of drought stress by Xiao-dong Wang, Yi-nan Zhang, Xiao-guo Wang, Ye Zhuang, Shao-hua Ge

“…The primary drought tolerance traits were identified from 29 related indicators, including agronomic traits, photosynthetic efficiency, reactive oxygen metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activities, osmotic regulators, and hormone regulation, using affiliation function, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis to categorize the traits. …”
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Isolation and Characterization of Coronavirus and Rotavirus Associated with Calves in Central Part of Oromia, Ethiopia by Umer Seid, Fufa Dawo, Asamino Tesfaye, Munera Ahmednur

“…The four study areas were purposively selected and faecal samples were collected by simple random sampling for diagnosis of coronavirus and rotavirus infection by using the antigen detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Ag-ELISA) kit. …”
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Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in dengue patients presenting in the emergency department of a tertiary center in Nepal: a cross-sectional study by Bibechan Thapa, Prakriti Lamichhane, Trishna Shrestha, Saral Lamichhane, Shreyasi Karki, Sneha Pradhananga, Kabita Hada Batajoo, Prajwal Pudasaini

“…Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 252 patients with dengue confirmed by serological testing against dengue-specific nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen and immunoglobulin M (IgM) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from September to November 2022 who presented in the emergency department of a tertiary hospital in Nepal after ethical approval was obtained. …”
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