Magnetohydrodynamics of nanofluid internal forced convection: A review and outlook for practical applications by Victor O. Adogbeji, Emmanuel O. Atofarati, Mohsen Sharifpur, Josua P. Meyer

“…The findings underscore that both magnetic field strength and nanoparticle concentration critically influence particle motion, flow patterns, entropy generation, thermal performance, and pressure drops, offering new insights into system design. …”
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Evaluation of the Production-Education Integration Performance of the High-Tech Industry: An Empirical Comparison between Three Urban Agglomerations in China by Quan Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Zhuomei Li, Sifeng Li, Tianzhen Tang

“…On this basis, the correlation-entropy composite matter-element (CECME) model and coupling coordination degree (CCD) model were introduced to empirically compare the PEI performance of the high-tech industry between Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao (GHKM) Greater Bay Area, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) Urban Agglomeration, and Yangtze River Delta (YRD) Urban Agglomeration. …”
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An Investigation of Infrared Small Target Detection by Using the SPT–YOLO Technique by Yongjun Qi, Shaohua Yang, Zhengzheng Jia, Yuanmeng Song, Jie Zhu, Xin Liu, Hongxing Zheng

“…Furthermore, x-small detection heads are added, the understanding of the overall characteristics and structure of the target is enhanced much more, and the representation and localization of small targets have been improved. Finally, the cross-entropy loss function in the original network model is replaced by an adaptive threshold focal loss function, forcing the model to allocate more attention to target features. …”
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The Discrete Ueda System and Its Fractional Order Version: Chaos, Stabilization and Synchronization by Louiza Diabi, Adel Ouannas, Amel Hioual, Giuseppe Grassi, Shaher Momani

“…Advanced complexity measures, including approximation entropy (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>n</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>C</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> complexity, are applied to validate and measure the nonlinear and chaotic nature of the system; the results indicate a high level of complexity. …”
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X-ray emission from hot gas and XRBs in the NGC 5846 galaxy by Kyadampure Anil, Vagshette Nilkanth, Patil Madhav

“…The larger values of emission line flux density ratio log([N II]Hα\alpha ) and floor in the entropy profile of the plasma collectively point toward a nonthermal ionization source of gas heating like a low-level AGN activity.…”
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Cortical arealization of interneurons defines shared and distinct molecular programs in developing human and macaque brains by Xiangling Feng, Yingjie Gao, Fan Chu, Yuwen Shan, Meicheng Liu, Yaoyi Wang, Ying Zhu, Qing Lu, Mingfeng Li

“…., the employment of CRH in primate interneurons during late-fetal stage distinguishes from their postnatal emergence in mice, and our entropy quantifications manifest the interneuron diversities gradually increase along the developmental ages in human and macaque cerebral cortices. …”
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Blockchain-Driven Optimized Chaotic Encryption Scheme for Medical Image Transmission in IoT-Edge Environment by Goli Archana, Rajeev Goyal, K. M. V. Madan Kumar

“…The evaluation metrics like as NACI, UACI, Entropy and standard verification methods such as NIST standard tests are deployed and analyzed. …”
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Removal of Ammonium from Aqueous Solutions Using Zeolite Synthesized from Electrolytic Manganese Residue by Changxin Li, Yuan Yu, Qingwu Zhang, Hong Zhong, Shuai Wang

“…Moreover, calculation of thermodynamic parameters such as change in free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔH), and entropy (ΔS) was carried out and it was determined to be −15.77∼−14.03 kJ·mol−1, +37.66 kJ·mol−1, and +173.38 J·mol−1·K−1, respectively. …”
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Remotely‐Sensed Game Trails Are a Behavioral Footprint That Explains Patterns of Herbivore Habitat Use by Keenan Stears, Melissa H. Schmitt, Mike J. Peel, Tsumbedzo Ramalevha, Douglas J. McCauley, Dave I. Thompson, Deron E. Burkepile

“…., dung counts and maximum entropy modeling) and found strong quantitative fits. …”
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Regional disparities and dynamic adaptation in the forest health-based industry and ecological environment: A case study of Fujian Province, China by Wenyu Chen, Shuhan Yu, Xuwang Jiang, Liyu Zhan

“…To conduct the analysis, we utilized various analytical tools, such as the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method, an adaptability evaluation model, standard deviation ellipses, and geographical detectors. …”
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Adsorptive Removal of Malachite Green Dye onto Coal-Associated Soil and Conditions Optimization by T. R. Sundararaman, A. Saravanan, P. Senthil Kumar, M. Millicent Mabel, R. V. Hemavathy, S. Karishma, S. Jeevanantham, R. Hemavathi, A. Ishwariya, S. Kowsalya

“…The thermodynamic parameters Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), entropy (ΔS°), and enthalpy (ΔH°) were endorsing that the present adsorption system was exothermic. …”
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A Hybrid Efficient U-Net Framework for Detection of Anterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle on Ultrasonography by Sule Erdem, Suheda Erdem, Muammer Turkoglu, Abdulkadir Sengur, Nebras M. Sobahi

“…Combo Loss (a combination of Binary Cross-Entropy and Dice Loss) was used to train the model and segmentation metrics such as F1-score, Intersection over Union (IoU) and Dice Co-efficient were used to evaluate performance. …”
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Structure of Spatial Correlation Network and Influencing Factors of Urban-Rural Integration in China by Wang Kai, Liu Meilun, Tan Jiaxin, Gan Chang

“…Based on China's interprovincial panel data from 2001 to 2021, the entropy method was applied to measure China's interprovincial urban-rural integration level, and the modified gravity model and social network analysis were used to explore the structural characteristics of China's spatial correlation network of urban-rural integration and its influencing factors. …”
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CFO-CR: Carrier Frequency Offset Methodology for High-Rate Common Randomness Generation by Prashanth Kumar Herooru Sheshagiri, Martin Reisslein, Juan A. Cabrera, Frank H. P. Fitzek

“…., have low probability of discrepancy, and should have high entropy. Previous CR research has focused on CR for physical layer security (mainly physical layer secret key generation), where a low CR generation rate, i.e., a low rate of CR bits per second is sufficient. …”
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EEG electrode setup optimization using feature extraction techniques for neonatal sleep state classification by Hafza Ayesha Siddiqa, Muhammad Farrukh Qureshi, Arsalan Khurshid, Yan Xu, Laishuan Wang, Saadullah Farooq Abbasi, Chen Chen, Wei Chen

“…To enhance the performance of an LSTM-based classification model, 94 linear and nonlinear features in the time and frequency domains with three novel features (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA), Lyapunov exponent, and multiscale fluctuation entropy) are extracted. An imbalance between classes is solved using the SMOTE technique. …”
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Holographic thermodynamic relation for dissipative and non-dissipative universes in a flat FLRW cosmology by Nobuyoshi Komatsu

“…To clarify such a modified thermodynamic relation, the present study applies a general formulation for cosmological equations in a flat Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) universe to the first law of thermodynamics, using the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy $$S_{\textrm{BH}}$$ S BH and a dynamical Kodama–Hayward temperature $$T_{\textrm{KH}}$$ T KH . …”
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HUMAN DESTRUCTIVENESS IN THE EXISTING PRACTICES OF LATE MODERNISM VIOLENCE: POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE DIMENSIONS by O. V. Marchenko, L. V. Martseniuk

“…At the metaphysical level, destructiveness appears as a connection between the entropy of world existence as a whole and the instability of human existence itself, which is a complexly organized and open to the world system. …”
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Forest management interventions affect the trade-offs of multiple vegetation and soil ecosystem services in walnut forests in the Taihang Mountains, China by Xin Li, Yanmei Chen, Qianyuan Liu, Yanan Liu

“…Four ESs were evaluated using the entropy weight method: maintenance of plant diversity, carbon sequestration, soil and water conservation, and soil nutrient maintenance. …”
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Multi-criteria decision-making method for emergency shelter site selection considering flood risk: A case study of Zhuhai, China by Bo Liu, Yingbing Li, Yan Zhang, Zhichao Wu, Yansong Pan, Meiquan Li

“…To address these two issues, this study innovatively proposes a new multi-criteria decision-making model for selecting urban emergency shelter sites. (1) For the first time, the model systematically classifies the factors affecting the location of emergency shelter sites into four categories: hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and relief capacity, from which 11 decision-making indicators, such as flood risk, precipitation, and slope, are selected; (2) The model integrates multiple algorithms, including analytic hierarchy process, entropy weight method, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and TOPSIS, during the decision-making process, and is capable of comprehensively weighing the expert's subjective preferences, objective indicator levels and the relationship between multiple indicators to achieve a more reasonable ranking. …”
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Interactive relationship between carbon flow and economic growth and influencing factors based on land use transition by ZHANG Changren, HAN Zenglin, ZHAO Yuqing, YAN Xiaolu

“…[Methods] This paper is based on land use, socio-economic, and energy consumption data, employing carbon flow model, entropy TOPSIS method, coupling coordination degree, geographical detector, and geographically weighted regression models to analyze the spatial evolution and influencing factors of the coupling coordination relationship between carbon flow caused by land use transition and economic growth in 30 provinces and cities of China from 2000 to 2020. …”
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