Acute confusion in pregnancy by Amanda Hill, Francesca Neuberger

“…Certain life-threatening diagnoses have been further discussed in more detail (Wernicke’s encephalopathy, hyponatraemia, hypercalcaemia, acute fatty liver of pregnancy and thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura). …”
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Current Controversies in Newer Therapies to Treat Birth Asphyxia by Pia Wintermark

“…Despite major advances in monitoring technology and knowledge of fetal and neonatal pathophysiology, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains one of the main causes of severe adverse neurological outcome in children. …”
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GABAB Encephalitis: A Fifty-Two-Year-Old Man with Seizures, Dysautonomia, and Acute Heart Failure by Matthew C. Loftspring, Eric Landsness, Lindsey Wooliscroft, Robert Rudock, Sally Jo, Kevin R. Patel

“…Here we present a case of GABAB encephalitis presenting with encephalopathy, status epilepticus, dysautonomia, and acute heart failure. …”
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Role of TIPS in Improving Survival of Patients with Decompensated Liver Disease by Sundeep J. Punamiya, Deepak N. Amarapurkar

“…However, they have been associated with significant problems such as poor shunt durability, increased encephalopathy, and unchanged survival when compared with conservative treatment options. …”
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Bacterial Infections in Cirrhosis by Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao

“…Cirrhotic patients who develop abdominal pain, tenderness, fever, renal failure or hepatic encephalopathy should undergo diagnostic paracentesis, and those who meet the criterion for SBP (eg, an ascites neutrophil count greater than 250/mm3) should receive antibiotics, preferably a third-generation cephalosporin. …”
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New Onset Insomnia in a Pediatric Patient: A Case of Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis by Tamar N. Goldberg, Michael F. Cellucci

“…Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is becoming more widely recognized as a cause of encephalopathy in both adults and children. Certain clinical features such as mood lability, movement disorders, speech dysfunction, seizures, and autonomic instability in a pediatric patient should prompt immediate concern and evaluation for autoimmune encephalitis among providers. …”
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Role of Carbamazepine in the Symptomatic Treatment of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature by Sandhya Ravikumar, John Ross Crawford

“…He presented with macular retinopathy, followed by progressive myoclonus and encephalopathy. After extensive workup, a diagnosis of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis was suspected by the presence of period epileptiform discharges on electroencephalogram and confirmed by elevated measles titers in the cerebrospinal fluid. …”
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Enterococcus gallinarum Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in an HCV Cirrhotic by Hussein Abidali, Maheen Sheikh, Moustapha Abidali, Ali Abidali, Hamoudi S. Farraji, Andrew C. Berry

“…We present the case of a 60-year-old Caucasian male with history of hepatitis C viral cirrhosis with portosystemic encephalopathy and ascites with evidence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) with absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 944 cells/µL blood. …”
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An open window: the crucial role of the gut-brain axis in neurodevelopmental outcomes post-neurocritical illness by Victoria Ronan

“…The most common diagnoses for a neurocritical illness admission include traumatic brain injury, status epilepticus, post-cardiac arrest, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, meningo/encephalitis, and stroke. The gut-brain axis is crucial to childhood development, particularly neurodevelopment. …”
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Beyond the Hit: The Hidden Costs of Repetitive Head Trauma by Sikandar Khan, Lora Talley

“…Repetitive head trauma in sports, particularly concussions, has been strongly associated with neurocognitive impairments, including depression, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and altered brain function. These injuries can have significant consequences on major cognitive processes, such as learning and memory. …”
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Two Case Reports on Thalamic and Basal Ganglia Involvement in Children with Dengue Fever by Guwani Liyanage, Lihini Adhikari, Saraji Wijesekera, Maheshaka Wijayawardena, Suchithra Chandrasiri

“…Such unusual manifestations including acute liver failure and encephalopathy could be manifested even in the absence of significant plasma leakage. …”
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Sedation and Analgesia in Children with Developmental Disabilities and Neurologic Disorders by Todd J. Kilbaugh, Stuart H. Friess, Ramesh Raghupathi, Jimmy W. Huh

“…Sedation and analgesia performed by the pediatrician and pediatric subspecialists are becoming increasingly common for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in children with developmental disabilities and neurologic disorders (autism, epilepsy, stroke, obstructive hydrocephalus, traumatic brain injury, intracranial hemorrhage, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy). The overall objectives of this paper are (1) to provide an overview on recent studies that highlight the increased risk for respiratory complications following sedation and analgesia in children with developmental disabilities and neurologic disorders, (2) to provide a better understanding of sedatives and analgesic medications which are commonly used in children with developmental disabilities and neurologic disorders on the central nervous system.…”
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Unusual Presentation of Uncommon Disease: Anorexia Nervosa Presenting as Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome—A Case Report from Southeast Asia by Raheel Mushtaq, Sheikh Shoib, Tabindah Shah, Mudasir Bhat, Randhir Singh, Sahil Mushtaq

“…We report a case of anorexia nervosa, who presented with Wernicke's encephalopathy and progressed to Korsakoff's syndrome. …”
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Cooccurrence of Darier’s Disease and Epilepsy: A Pediatric Case Report and Review of the Literature by Tamer Celik, Umit Celik, Cigdem Donmezer, Mustafa Komur, Orkun Tolunay, Pelin Demirtürk

“…They include mood disorders, epilepsy, encephalopathy, and schizophrenia. In this study, we report a pediatric case with the cooccurrence of Darier’s disease and epilepsy. …”
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Acute Liver Failure Secondary to Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer by Emmanuel C. Gorospe, Jemilat Badamas

“…He presented with jaundice, hepatic encephalopathy, and synthetic dysfunction. His clinical course was marked by rapid decompensation within 6 days from initial presentation of jaundice to development of hepatic coma. …”
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Indirect impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic at two tertiary neonatal units in Zimbabwe and Malawi: an interrupted time series analysis by Michelle Heys, Caroline Crehan, Emma Wilson, Felicity Fitzgerald, Mario Cortina Borja, Msandeni Chiume, Samuel R Neal, Hannah Gannon, Gwen Chimhini, Simbarashe Chimhuya, Tim Hull-Bailey, Tarisai Chiyaka, Deliwe Nkhoma

“…No changes in these outcomes were found in Zimbabwe and no significant changes in the prevalence of neonatal encephalopathy or mortality were found at either site (p>0.05).Conclusions The indirect impacts of COVID-19 are context-specific. …”
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Treatment of Shiga-Toxin Hus with Severe Neurologic Features with Eculizumab by Jacob H. Umscheid, Collin Nevil, Rhythm Vasudeva, Mohammed Farhan Ali, Nisha Agasthya

“…Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli- (STEC-) mediated HUS is a common cause of acute renal failure in children and can rarely result in severe neurological complications such as encephalopathy, seizures, cerebrovascular accidents, and coma. …”
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Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders and Their Clinical Implications in Cirrhosis by Eleni Theocharidou, Ameet Dhar, David Patch

“…The latter has been implicated in the pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. …”
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Adrenal Crisis Caused by Inhaled Fluticasone in an Adolescent with Cystic Fibrosis and Advanced Hepatopathy: A Case Report by C. Denne, A. E. Vogl-Voswinckel, A. Gruebl, S. Burdach

“…We report about a young man who presented with encephalopathy after excessive physical activity caused by secondary adrenal insufficiency. …”
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Case report: Acute Hepatitis E Infection with Co-Existent Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency by Amitabh Monga, Ravinder PS Makkar, Anju Arora, Surabhi Mukhopadhyay, Ajay K Gupta

“…Viral hepatitis in the presence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency may be associated with complications such as severe anemia, hemolysis, renal failure, hepatic encephalopathy and even death. The incidence of G6PD deficiency in the general population of northern India is reported to be between 2.2% and 14%. …”
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