Influence of Tool Pin Profiles on Aluminium Alloy A356 and Ceramic-Based Nanocomposites for Light Weight Structures by Friction Stir Processing by L. Karthick, Mruthunjaya M., Srinivas. S., Prasanna Venkatesh R., Naveen Kumar Gurajala, Meghavath Mothilal, Hari Banda

“…Similarly, the maximum obtained hardness processing parameter are 2000 rpm of spinning speed, 5 mm of tool pin sizes and 90 mm/min of tool travel speed. A scanning electron microscope was utilized to investigate the dispersed Cr2O3 in the A356 alloy for confirming the refinement grains in the nugget zones of FSPed A356 alloy. …”
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Effect of the sintering temperature on the electrical properties of Y–Al‐doped ZnO varistors by Lei Wang, Hang Zhang, Kexin Zhang, Yubo Shen, Limin Qu, Yue Yin, Pengfei Meng, Jingke Guo

“…Abstract To investigate the relationship between the electrical properties of Y–Al doped ZnO varistors and sintering temperature, in this study, we measured the voltage–current characteristics and electrical performance parameters of samples sintered at 1100∘C–1300∘C. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that as the sintering temperature increased, the grain size grew significantly, leading to a reduction in voltage gradient. …”
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Kinetic Study on the CsXH3−X PW12O40/Fe-SiO2 Nanocatalyst for Biodiesel Production by Mostafa Feyzi, Leila Norouzi, Hamid Reza Rafiee

“…Characterization of catalyst was carried out by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), N2 adsorption-desorption measurements methods, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).…”
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The Synergistic Effect of Nitrogen Dopant and Calcination Temperature on the Visible-Light-Induced Photoactivity of N-Doped TiO2 by Yao-Tung Lin, Chih-Huang Weng, Hui-Jan Hsu, Yu-Hao Lin, Ching-Chang Shiesh

“…The phase and structure, chemical state, optical properties, and surface area/pore distribution of N-doped TiO2 were characterized using X-ray diffraction spectrometer, high-resolution transmission electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-vis diffusion reflectance spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area. …”
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Theoretical Study of the Pre-Plasma Density Scale Length’s Influence on the Absorption Efficiency in Laser–Solid Interaction at Relativistic Laser Intensities for PW-Class Lasers... by Iuliana-Mariana Vladisavlevici, Michael Ehret, Evgeny Filippov, Enrique García-García, Cruz Mendez, Marta Olivar Ruíz, Óscar Varela, Luca Volpe, Jose Antonio Pérez-Hernández

“…This effect can be beneficial for the spectral cut-off energy of accelerated protons, where a trade-off between absorption and electron dynamics yields an optimum pre-plasma scale length. …”
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Verification of Interaction Between Cl⁻ Erosion and Carbonation in Marine Concrete by Maohua Zhang, Lin Du, Ronghua Xu

“…Both carbonation-treated and standard concrete specimens are immersed in 5% artificial seawater to evaluate the impact of carbonation on chloride erosion, with the free chloride content in the concrete serving as the assessment criterion. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is employed to examine the microstructure of the concrete, elucidating the interplay between Cl⁻ erosion and carbonation. …”
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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Silver Nanoparticles Gel for Wound Dressing Applications by Nguyen Thi Hiep, Huynh Chan Khon, Vo Van Thanh Niem, Vo Van Toi, Tran Ngoc Quyen, Nguyen Dai Hai, Mai Ngoc Tuan Anh

“…The presence of silver nanoparticles in CPA gels matrix was examined using UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The interaction of CS and PVA was analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. …”
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Evaluation of the Synergistic Effect of Erosion-Corrosion on AISI 4330 Steel in Saline-Sand Multiphase Flow by Electrochemical and Gravimetric Techniques by Dario Yesid Peña Ballesteros, Yelsin Enrique Mendez Camacho, Lizeth Viviana Barreto Hernandez

“…The worn surface was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results show that, under all the test conditions assessed, the passivity of the steel alloy could not be maintained; as a result, an activation mechanism dominates the corrosion process of steel alloy. …”
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Macroscopic perspective on phase transition behavior of natural single-crystal graphite under different pressure environments by Xiaoshuang Yin, Songyang Li, Lijuan Wang, Peiyuan Liu, Zhihai Cheng, Huiyang Gou, Liuxiang Yang

“…Here, we report on the pressure-induced phase transition behavior of natural single-crystal graphite under three distinct pressure-transmitting media from a macroscopic perspective using in situ two-dimensional Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The surface evolution process of graphite before and after the phase transition is captured, revealing that pressure-induced surface textures can impede the continuity of the phase transition process across the entire single crystal. …”
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Enantioselective reductive cross-couplings to forge C(sp2)–C(sp3) bonds by merging electrochemistry with nickel catalysis by Yun-Zhao Wang, Bing Sun, Jian-Feng Guo, Xiao-Yu Zhu, Yu-Cheng Gu, Ya-Ping Han, Cong Ma, Tian-Sheng Mei

“…The combination of cyclic voltammetry analysis with electrode potential studies suggests that NiI species activate aryl halides via oxidative addition and alkyl chlorides via single electron transfer.…”
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Selenium nanoparticles and maize: Understanding the impact on seed germination, growth, and nutrient interactions by Ezequiel García-Locascio, Edgardo I. Valenzuela, Pabel Cervantes-Avilés

“…Se content increased between 90 – 350 % in the seed and 97.6 – 1210.5 % in the seedlings. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) micrographs showed deposition of Se NPs near the endosperm, where internalization over time could occur. …”
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Evaluation of Water Diffusion Mechanism on Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Composites by Oluwayomi Peter Balogun, Adeolu Adesoji Adediran, Joseph Ajibade Omotoyinbo, Kenneth Kanayo Alaneme, Isiaka Oluwole Oladele

“…Mechanical properties of the composites were assessed according to ASTM standards, while the composite fracture surface was examined using a scanning electron microscope. The water absorption behaviour and diffusion mechanisms on mechanical properties of fabricated composites were analysed using a water immersion test and the Fickian diffusion model. …”
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Salmon Muscle Adherence to Polymer Coatings and Determination of Antibiotic Residues by Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Selected Reaction Monitorin... by E. Zumelzu, M. J. Wehrhahn, O. Muñoz, F. Rull

“…This work characterized the changes occurring in the multilayer PET polymer and steel of containers by electron microscopy, 3D atomic force microscopy (3D-AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses. …”
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Continuous Drip Flow System to Develop Biofilm of E. faecalis under Anaerobic Conditions by Ana Maria Gonzalez, Erika Corpus, Amaury Pozos-Guillen, Daniel Silva-Herzog, Antonio Aragon-Piña, Nestor Cohenca

“…Biofilms developed under the system were evaluated under the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results. SEM micrographs demonstrated mushroom-shaped structures, corresponding to a mature E. faecalis biofilm. …”
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Enhancing tribological and corrosion characteristics of AA2099/GNP metal matrix nanocomposites through parametric optimization using Taguchi Technique by Ch Polayya, C S P Rao, Veeresh Kumar G B

“…The microstructural analysis employs scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD), while hardness is evaluated using specialized Vickers microhardness equipment. …”
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Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity and HIV Associated Nephropathy: Mimickers of Myeloma-Like Cast Nephropathy by Muhammad Siddique Khurram, Ahmed Alrajjal, Warda Ibrar, Jacob Edens, Umer Sheikh, Ameer Hamza, Hong Qu

“…The third case showed acute tubular injury and cast formation of irregular casts composed of amorphous or granular material of low density admixed with scattered high electron-dense globules. Myeloma-like cast nephropathy and true myeloma cast nephropathy pose similar destructive effects on renal parenchyma. …”
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Photocatalytic Activity and Characterization of Carbon-Modified Titania for Visible-Light-Active Photodegradation of Nitrogen Oxides by Chun-Hung Huang, Yu-Ming Lin, I-Kai Wang, Chun-Mei Lu

“…Photoluminescence spectra demonstrated that the carbonate species suppressed the recombination rate of electron-hole pair. As a result, a mechanism of visible-light-active photocatalyst was proposed according to the formation of carbonate species on carbon-modified TiO2.…”
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Production of Californium-252 by Using Reverse Reaction Technology by Aqeel L. Oudah, Sameera A. Ebrahiem, Khalid H. Mahdi

“…      In the current work, Calculate cross sections for  252Cf (α,3n)253Fm  reaction Use of interpolation and cross-section sampling published in the international literature to select the appropriate interaction of ground-level energies in a computer-based program (MATALAB-17.0) , in steps of energies (0.2 Million electron volts). Given the importance of the 252Cf isotope and its entry into the industrial and medical fields, there was a need to determine the energy of the incident neutron to produce this isotope, relying on the masses of the entering and leaving particles and the values ​​of angular momentum to obtain an equation and according to the theory of the opposite reaction. …”
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Effect of Light-Activated Hypocrellin B on the Growth and Membrane Permeability of Gram-Negative Escherichia coli Cells by Yuan Jiang, Wingnang Leung, Qingjuan Tang, Hongwei Zhang, Chuanshan Xu

“…Bacterial morphology was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Reactive oxygen species in bacterial cells were measured using flow cytometry with DCFH-DA staining. …”
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Removal of Azo Dyes (Violet B and Violet 5R) from Aqueous Solution Using New Activated Carbon Developed from Orange Peel by Saeedeh Hashemian, Khaterah Salari, Hamila Salehifar, Zahra Atashi Yazdi

“…COP was characterized using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and BET. COP has surface area and mean pore diameter of 225.6 m2 g−1 and 22.40 nm, respectively. …”
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