What Is the Most Cost-Effective Breeding Program for Dairy Heifers—Timed AI, Estrous Detection, or a Combination of Both? by Klibs N. Galvão, Eduardo S. Ribeiro, Jose Eduardo P. Santos

“… As any other business enterprise, the sustainability of a dairy farm is highly dependent on economics. In order to obtain a profitable return on assets, there is a constant need to maximize outputs and, oftentimes, to minimize inputs. …”
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The Relation between CSR and Innovation. Model Approach by Dawid Szutowski, Piotr Ratajczak

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Competitive Intelligence in the Tourism Sector, with special focus on Southern Europe by Gisela Casado Salguero, José A. Jiménez Quintero

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Impact of Labour Productivity Differences on Urban-Rural Integration Development and Its Spatial Effect: Evidence from a Spatial Durbin Model by Wei Wang, Yulin Zhu

“…Lewis’ dual economic structure theory holds that differences in labour productivity affect urban-rural integration development. …”
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Study on Performance Evaluation of Service Supply Chain by Extension Method by Jun Cheng, Qiaoning Yang, Lin Lu

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Evolutionary Analysis of Innovation Development in a Metropolitan Area from a Symbiosis Perspective: Empirical Research on the Shanghai Metropolitan Area by Quanxiang Xue, Can Liu, Min Zhao, Jie Wu

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Optimizing Intermodal Transport and Hub Location Problem for ECOWAS in the Context of Improving Intra-African Trade by Shi Jihui, Kesewa Opoku Agyemang, Cheng Zhaolin

“…Distance-based weighted centrality measures employed TOPSIS to model a ranked node centrality of Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) intermodal transport of railway, road, and waterway networks. …”
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Performance Management of University Financial Budget Execution Relying on Comprehensive Budget Management Strengthening Model by Huwei Li, Yanlin Guo

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Dynamic Evolution of the Zinc-Nickel Battery Industry and Evidence from China by Xiangze Shi, Xiao Li, Zijian He, Hui Jiang

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System classification and certification of electronic trading platforms by T. R. Torpishchev

“…Based on the review of classifications and economic analysis, a mechanism for the certification of commodity marketplaces has been developed: the criteria for certification, the form of the marketplace passport and the appendix to the passport with the main economic indicators have been highlighted. …”
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Determinants of Rural Household Food Security Status in North Shewa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia by Abebaw Hailu Fikire, Mesele Belay Zegeye

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Greening of SMEs in Western Balkan countries: Evidence from firm-level analysis by Vučković Valentina, Čučković Nevenka

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Tools of information and communication technologies in the knowledge management system by I. G. Gorina, N. M. Fomenko

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Exchange Rate Risk Analysis Based on Firm Data: A Global Value Chain Perspective by Mimi Ning, Jianhong Qi

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Optimal Design of Multi-Asset Options by Alejandro Balbás, Beatriz Balbás, Raquel Balbás

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Editorial by Jörg Tremmel

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Ocean equity: from assessment to action to improve social equity in ocean governance by Nathan J. Bennett, Nathan J. Bennett, Nathan J. Bennett, Nathan J. Bennett, Veronica Relano, Katina Roumbedakis, Katina Roumbedakis, Katina Roumbedakis, Jessica Blythe, Mark Andrachuk, Joachim Claudet, Neil Dawson, David Gill, Natali Lazzari, Natali Lazzari, Natali Lazzari, Shauna L. Mahajan, Ella-Kari Muhl, Maraja Riechers, Mia Strand, Sebastian Villasante

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Tax Exemptions and R;D Expenditures in Iran Saeed Dorokhshi Moghaddam by Saeed Dorokhshi Moghaddam, Bahram Sahabi, Hassan Heydari, Sajad Barkhordari

“…Aim and Introduction The belief that innovation is a crucial factor in driving economic growth has led governments worldwide to increase investment in research and development (R&D). …”
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Failure of Value Co-creation; Co-destruction of Brand Value in Social Media by Ghazale Taheri, Azim Zarei, Davood Feiz, Mehdi Dehghani soltani

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Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Friedreich Ataxia Using Mobility Assistive Technologies: Limited Fit of the EQ-5D-3L Mobility Dimension by Maresa Buchholz, Michelle Pfaff, Audrey Iskandar, Kathrin Reetz, Jörg B. Schulz, Marcus Grobe-Einsler, Thomas Klockgether, Bernhard Michalowsky, EFACTS Study Group

“…To analyse the patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL), the EuroQol 5 Dimension 3 Level survey (EQ-5D-3L)—a widely used and recommended generic measure—is used in clinical and in health economic studies. Concerns about using the instrument in mobility-impaired individuals who might have difficulties finding appropriate response options for mobility-related items led us to investigate how the 3L dimensions perform in patients with FA using or not using MAT. …”
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