Nicotinic α7 receptors on cholinergic neurons in the striatum mediate cocaine-reinforcement, but not food reward by Michael Fritz, Michael Fritz, Michael Fritz, Priscila Batista Rosa, Daniel Wilhelms, Daniel Wilhelms, Maarit Jaarola, Johan Ruud, David Engblom, Anna M. Klawonn, Anna M. Klawonn, Anna M. Klawonn, Anna M. Klawonn

“…The neurotransmitter acetylcholine has since long been implicated in reward learning and drug addiction. However, the role of specific cholinergic receptor subtypes on different neuronal populations remain elusive. …”
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Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Model for the Prediction of Bloodstream Infections in Patients with Hematological Malignancies and Febrile Neutropenia by Antonio Gallardo-Pizarro, Christian Teijón-Lumbreras, Patricia Monzo-Gallo, Tommaso Francesco Aiello, Mariana Chumbita, Olivier Peyrony, Emmanuelle Gras, Cristina Pitart, Josep Mensa, Jordi Esteve, Alex Soriano, Carolina Garcia-Vidal

“…<b>Conclusions:</b> Unsupervised ML-based risk stratification enhances evidence-driven decision-making for empiric antibiotic therapies at FN onset, crucial in an era of rising multi-drug resistance.…”
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Anti-TNBC effects of Lappaol F by targeting epithelial-mesenchymal transition via regulation of GSK-3β/YAP/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT pathways by Qiqi Meng, Qiqi Meng, Zhiping Li, Xiaofeng He, Yuanhao Hu, Guiyun Wu, Jiawen Huang, Zhuohui Luo, Zhuohui Luo, Yingjie Hu, Xiaoling Shen

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β-Hydroxybutyrate Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Renal Damage via Regulating Ferroptosis by Ruixue Tian, Shuqin Tang, Jingyu Zhao, Yajie Hao, Limei Zhao, Xiutao Han, Xingru Wang, Lijun Zhang, Rongshan Li, Xiaoshuang Zhou

“…Cisplatin is a particularly potent antineoplastic drug. However, its usefulness is restricted due to the induction of nephrotoxicity. …”
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Comparison of Tick Control and Antibiotic Use Practices at Farm Level in Regions of High and Low Acaricide Resistance in Uganda by Joseph Byaruhanga, Fred Odua, Yvette Ssebunya, Olivia Aketch, Dickson Stuart Tayebwa, Innocent B. Rwego, Patrick Vudriko

“…Antibiotics were the most used drugs on farms in both regions with oxytetracycline being the commonly used antibiotic. …”
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Effect of biannual azithromycin on respiratory pathogens among symptomatic children: results from the randomised Macrolides Oraux pour Réduire les Décès avec un Oeil sur la Résista... by Jie Liu, Thomas M Lietman, Jeremy D Keenan, Kieran S O'Brien, Elodie Lebas, Amza Abdou, Benjamin F Arnold, James A Platts-Mills, Eric R Houpt, Stephanie A Brennhofer, Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade, Ramatou Maliki, Jixian Zhang, Suzanne Stroup, Suporn Pholwat, Ahmed M Arzika

“…Introduction Biannual (ie, every 6 months) mass drug administration of azithromycin has reduced childhood mortality in Niger, but its effects on specific respiratory pathogens are not fully elucidated.Methods Across 2 years of the Macrolides Oraux pour Réduire les Décès avec un Oeil sur la Résistance (MORDOR) study in Niger, we evaluated 1468 nasopharyngeal swabs from children who presented for care with respiratory symptoms. …”
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Multicentre, 26-week, open-label phase 2 trial of the JAK inhibitor filgotinib in Behçet’s disease, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and IgG4-related disease: DRIMID study protoc... by Sander W Tas, Joost Raaphorst, Paco M J Welsing, Jacob M van Laar, Rogier M Thurlings, Robbert J Goekoop, César Magro Checa, Jan A M van Laar, Bettina C Geertsema-Hoeve, Nicolle H Rekers, Erik Present

“…Given the activation of the type 1 interferon pathway in BD, IIM and IgG4-RD, inhibition of the Janus kinase (JAK) STAT pathway emerges as a promising therapeutic strategy. The Drug Rediscovery in IMIDs (DRIMID) consortium aims to conduct a prospective pilot basket trial to investigate the effects of filgotinib, a JAK1 preferential inhibitor approved for ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis, on disease activity, quality of life and safety in patients with refractory BD, IIM and IgG4-RD.Methods and analysis In this investigator-initiated, multicentre, open-label phase 2 study, up to 60 patients with rare IMIDs will be enrolled for a 26-week treatment period with filgotinib 200 mg once daily. …”
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Isolation, Identification, and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Bacteria from the Conjunctival Sacs of Dogs with Bacterial Conjunctivitis in Different Regions of Wuhan, China by Yuxin Li, Yinan Wang, Xin Gao, Lihong Luo, Bohan Zhang, Xiao Wang, Jing Li, Ruijia Wu, Lixin He, Wenxuan Li, Changwei Qiu

“…In order to investigate the bacterial species present in the conjunctival sacs of dogs with bacterial conjunctivitis in Wuhan (Hongshan District, Wuchang District, Jiangxia District, and Huangpi District) and their resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics, samples of conjunctival sac secretions were collected from 56 dogs with bacterial conjunctivitis in various regions of Wuhan. Drug susceptibility testing for aminoglycoside antibiotics was performed on the most commonly isolated gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. …”
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Autocrine Acetylcholine, Induced by IL-17A via NFκB and ERK1/2 Pathway Activation, Promotes MUC5AC and IL-8 Synthesis in Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Angela Marina Montalbano, Giusy Daniela Albano, Anna Bonanno, Loredana Riccobono, Caterina Di Sano, Maria Ferraro, Liboria Siena, Giulia Anzalone, Rosalia Gagliardo, Michael Paul Pieper, Mark Gjomarkaj, Mirella Profita

“…Furthermore, the effectiveness of PD098,059 (inhibitor of MAPKK activation), Bay11-7082 (inhibitor of IkBα phosphorylation), Hemicholinium-3 (HCh-3) (choline uptake blocker), and Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva®) (anticholinergic drug) was tested in our in vitro model. We showed that rhIL-17A increased the expression of ChAT, the levels of ACh binding and production, and the IL-8 and Muc5AC production in stimulated bronchial epithelial cells compared with untreated cells. …”
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Formulation Optimization and Quality Analysis of Dendrobium officinale Chewable Tablets by Wenyu ZHANG, Xianshu FU, Xue BAI, Shiwen WU, Jiabin LI, Xiaoping YU, Mingzhou ZHANG, Zihong YE

“…In this study, the design of experiment (DOE) scheme was used to determine the optimal ratio of D. officinale, P. sibiricum, and Z. jujuba based on the measured mass fractions of polysaccharides, flavonoids, and polyphenols in the drug. A single-factor experiment was used to study the effects of excipients on the appearance, taste, hardness, and weight difference of chewable tablets, and the optimal formula was selected by combining the response surface optimization and multi-index weight methods. …”
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Unveiling the Microbial Symphony of Amasi: A Targeted Metagenomic 16S rRNA, ITS, and Metabolites Insights Using Bovine and Caprine Milk by Betty Olusola Ajibade, Titilayo Adenike Ajayeoba, Saheed Sabiu, Konstantin V. Moiseenko, Sizwe Vincent Mbona, Errol D. Cason, Tatyana V. Fedorova, Oluwatosin Ademola Ijabadeniyi

“…It was found that the amino acid and drug metabolism pathway prediction values in Amasi samples were significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) than in raw cow and goat milk, according to the inferred analysis (PICRUSt). …”
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Antiviral Activity and Underlying Mechanism of <i>Moslae herba</i> Aqueous Extract for Treating SARS-CoV-2 by Yan Feng, Qiong Ge, Jian Gao, Zhuoying Wu, Yunyi Zhang, Haiyan Mao, Beibei Wu, Changping Xu

“…Through matching 119 intersection targets of ‘disease and drug’ with 1082 differentially expressed genes of COVID-19 patients, nine genes were screened. …”
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Effects of Immune System-Related Medications on COVID-19 Outcome in a Cohort of Iranian Patients: Preliminary Report of a Data Mining Study by Ehsan Bitaraf, Seyyed Amir Yasin Ahmadi, Alireza Gandomi-Mohammadabadi, Zahra Noorani Mejareh, Bahare Abdollahi, Javad Balasi, Farzan Moodi, Nima Hemmati, Ali Kabir

“…Association of a researcher-designed drug list with death and LOS was studied. For death outcome, logistic regression was used reporting odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). …”
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ANALYSIS OF DOMAIN SPECIFICITY OF THE PROTECTIVE CHIMERIC ANTIBODY ch14D5a AGAINST GLYCOPROTEIN E OF TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS by I. K. Baykov, L. A. Emelyanova, L. M. Sokolova, E. M. Karelina, A. L. Matveev, I. V. Babkin, Ya. А. Khlusevich, V. F. Podgornyy, N. V. Tikunova

“…A drug for the prevention and therapy of tick-borne encephalitis virus is being developed on the basis of the protective chimeric antibody ch14D5a. …”
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Bergapten alleviates senescence of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis by YE Yuanlan, LIU Kaiwen, PAN Yiming

“…Methods‍　‍The functional targets of bergapten and the related targets of OA disease were obtained by searching Super-Pred， Swiss Target Prediction， Drug Bank. The obtained targets were intersected with Venny2.1.0, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was performed using the STRING database, and molecular docking was conducted by AutoDock Vina. …”
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Hepatitis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors-based combinations of other therapies: A real-world pharmacovigilance analysis based on the FDA adverse event reporting syste... by Zhaohui Li, Zixiang Zhou, Nan Zhang, Binhe Tian, Xiangqi Chen, Haitao Zhao, Hanping Wang

“…We conducted this pharmacovigilance analysis using the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). …”
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Insights from a Genome-Wide Study of <i>Pantoea agglomerans</i> UADEC20: A Promising Strain for Phosphate Solubilization and Exopolysaccharides Production by Edith Elizondo-Reyna, Humberto Martínez-Montoya, Yahaira Tamayo-Ordoñez, María Antonia Cruz-Hernández, Mauricio Carrillo-Tripp, María Concepción Tamayo-Ordoñez, Gerardo de Jesús Sosa-Santillán, José Antonio Rodríguez-de la Garza, Mario Hernández-Guzmán, Virgilio Bocanegra-García, Erika Acosta-Cruz

“…Genomic analyses showed that a total of 57 and 58 coding sequences (CDSs) related to phosphate solubilization and EPS production were identified within its genome, in addition to a reduced number of CDSs related to drug resistance and phages. The comprehensive set of genes supporting phosphate solubilization, EPS synthesis, and secretion, along with its low virulence and antibiotic resistance levels, justify further research for its potential biotechnological application and possible use as a plant growth-promoting agent in the field. …”
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An NMR Study of the Bortezomib Degradation under Clinical Use Conditions by Adele Bolognese, Anna Esposito, Michele Manfra, Lucio Catalano, Fara Petruzziello, Maria Carmen Martorelli, Raffaella Pagliuca, Vittoria Mazzarelli, Maria Ottiero, Melania Scalfaro, Bruno Rotoli

“…The (R)-3-methyl-1-((S)-3-phenyl-2-(pyrazine-2-carboxamido)propanamido)butyl-boronic acid, bortezomib (BTZ), which binds the 20S proteasome subunit and causes a large inhibition of its activity, is a peptidomimetic boronic drug mainly used for the treatment of multiple myeloma. …”
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How drinking motives mediate associations between sexual orientation and indicators of alcohol use – a study among young Swiss men by Matthias Wicki, Matthias Wicki, Simon Marmet, Joseph Studer, Joseph Studer, Kim Bloomfield, Kim Bloomfield, Kim Bloomfield, Gerhard Gmel, Gerhard Gmel, Gerhard Gmel, Gerhard Gmel

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The Use of Mebendazole in COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Retrospective Single Center Study by Mostafa W. Galal, Mahmoud Ahmed, Yanqiu Shao, Chao Xing, Wael Ali, Abd Elhamid Baly, Abdallah Elfiky, Khaled Amer, John Schoggins, Hesham A. Sadek, Zeinab N. Gobara

“…An in-silico screen identified mebendazole with potential antiviral activity that could be a repurposed drug against SARS-CoV-2. Mebendazole is a well-tolerated and cheap antihelminthic agent that is readily available worldwide and thus could be a therapeutic tool in the fight against COVID-19. …”
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