Adsorptive Removal of Copper by Using Surfactant Modified Laterite Soil by Tien Duc Pham, Hoang Hiep Nguyen, Ngoc Viet Nguyen, Thanh Tu Vu, Thi Ngoc Mai Pham, Thi Hai Yen Doan, Manh Ha Nguyen, Thi Mai Viet Ngo

“…Characterizations of laterite were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and total carbon analysis. …”
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Sol–gel synthesis of silicon oxide (SiO2) nanoparticles: exploring gas sensing and photocatalytic applications by Laxmi D. Sonawane, Abhinay S. Mandawade, Anil B. Gite, Sarika D. Shinde, Ganesh E. Patil, Latesh K. Nikam, Vishal H. Goswami, Ramesh B. Bhise, Pradip B. Sarawade, Mahendra S. Shinde

“…Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy analysis indicated a band gap energy of 5 eV. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis displayed a broad peak, confirming the amorphous nature of the material. …”
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Source and Ecological Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Urban Riverine Sediments Using Multivariate Analytical and Statistical Tools by Xiaojun Zheng, Abdul Rehman, Shan Zhong, Shah Faisal, Muhammad Mahroz Hussain, Syeda Urooj Fatima, Daolin Du

“…Additionally, techniques such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy–Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were employed to investigate the mineralogical and morphological aspects. …”
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Mn-doped ZnO thin films as a platform for reagentless uric acid biosensor by Bilasini Devi Naorem, Jatinder Pal Singh, Babita Sharma, Satyam Garg, Athira C, Hashima Sherin, Mahima Momaliya, Muskan, Shubhi Sahu, Arijit Chowdhuri, Mallika Verma, Monika Tomar, Neha Batra

“…The Mn-doped thin films of concentrations varying from 3 %,5 %,7 % and 10 % were prepared and further characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. …”
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Assessment of the Effects of Newly Fabricated CaO, CuO, ZnO Nanoparticles on Callus Formation Maintenance of <i>Alfalfa</i> (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) Under In Vitro Salt Stress by Mustafa Akçay, Merve Simsek Geyik, Busra Yazicilar, Fatma Boke, Hayrunnisa Nadaroglu, Okkes Atıcı, İsmail Bezirganoğlu

“…The NPs were synthesized from the extracts obtained from healthy walnut shells using the green synthesis approach and then characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The leaf explants were placed in an MS medium containing 4 mg L⁻¹ 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), 50 mM NaCl, and 0.8 ppm of NPs for 1 month in the dark. …”
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Slurry Synthesis and Thin-Film Fabrication Toward Production of Li₂O-B₂O₃-Al₂O₃-Based Multilayer Oxide Solid-State Batteries for Internet of Things Applications by Jihyun Park, Jongmin Choi, Jihye Seo, Wolil Nam, Soobeom Lee, Seungchan Cho, Kyungchul Park, Geonhyoung An, Beomkyeong Park, Moonhee Choi

“…A comprehensive analysis of the fabricated thin films included X-ray diffraction (XRD) to confirm their amorphous structure, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for particle morphology, and contact angle measurements to verify surface hydrophilicity. …”
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Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial application of cross-linked nanoparticles composite films by Yuxin Zhao, Guanglong Yao, Kaimian Li, Jianqiu Ye, Jian Chen, Jie Zhang

“…The structures of the films were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the cross-linked starch, SA, AgNPs, and ZnOs had good biocompatibility and interactions, and the AgNPs and ZnOs had synergistic effects. …”
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Growth of Zinc Oxide Nanorods with the Thickness of Less than or Equal to 1 μm through Zinc Acetate or Zinc Nitrate for Perovskite Solar Cell Applications by Albertus Bramantyo, Kenji Murakami, Masayuki Okuya, Arief Udhiarto, Nji Raden Poespawati

“…Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were observed to analyze the morphological shape of the ZnO NRs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles were characterized to obtain the data for ZnO NR crystallinity. …”
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Kinetics, modelling and optimization of Shea butter transesterification via clay doped ionic liquid catalyst by Nwosu-Obieogu Kenechi, Ude Callistus Nonso, Onukwuli Dominic Okechukwu, Ezeugo Joseph

“…Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Braut Emmet Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were used to evaluate the catalyst's processability. …”
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Silver Trimolybdate (Ag2Mo3O10.2H2O) Nanorods: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photo-Induced Antibacterial Activity under Visible-Light Irradiation by Maria Karollyna do Nascimento Silva Leandro, João Victor Barbosa Moura, Ana Carolina Justino de Araújo, Priscilla Ramos Freitas, Cicera Laura Roque Paulo, Amanda Karine de Sousa, Janaina Esmeraldo Rocha, Lívia Maria Garcia Leandro, Rakel Olinda Macedo da Silva, Clenilton Costa dos Santos, Jaime Ribeiro-Filho, Cleânio da Luz Lima, Abolghasem Siyadatpanah, Zahra Seifi, Bonglee Kim, Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho

“…The sample was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV–Vis–NIR diffuse reflectance, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). …”
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Effect of 3D Metal on Electrochemical Properties of Sodium Intercalation Cathode P2-NaxMe1/3Mn2/3O2 (M = Co, Ni, or Fe) by Nam Pham Phuong Le, Nguyen Le Thanh Huynh, An Le Bao Phan, Dieu Thi Ngoc Nguyen, Trang Thi Thu Nguyen, Hoang Van Nguyen, Xujian Cui, Akhil Garg, Phung My Loan Le, Man Van Tran

“…This research aims to evaluate the influence of different 3D metals (Fe, Co, and Ni) substituted to Mn on the electrochemical performance of P2-NaxMe1/3Mn2/3O2 material, which was synthesized by the coprecipitation process followed by calcination at high temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed that the synthesized Mn-rich materials possessed a P2-type structure with a negligible amount of oxide impurities. …”
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Exposure to Silica, Arsenic, and Chromium (VI) in Cement Workers: A Probability Health Risk Assessment by Noor Haziqah Kamaludin, Juliana Jalaludin, Shamsul Bahri Mohd Tamrin, Abdah Md Akim, Tri Martiana, Noeroel Widajati

“…Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used for As, and Cr analysis, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) was used for Si analysis. The Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide levels and lung function test were obtained by using NIOX MINO and Chestgraph H1-105 spirometer. …”
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Effect of carbon quantum dots on the anticorrosive action of the tin coatings by Taiane Fíngolo Duarte, Victor Magno Paiva, Braulio Soares Archanjo, Clara Muniz da Silva de Almeida, Natasha Midori Suguihiro, Rodrigo José Corrêa, Emerson Schwingel Ribeiro, Eliane D'Elia

“…In addition, characterizations of the CDs and composite films were carried out by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Zeta Potential (ζ), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), UV-VIS Spectroscopy, Fluorimetry, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Excited Photoelectron Spectroscopy X-Ray (XPS). …”
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Study of Crystal Structure, Lattice Strain, and Elemental Content of Natural Iron Sand Nanoparticles Synthesized by the Coprecipitation Method by Tulus Na Duma, Syahrul Humaidi, Erna Frida, Mohd. Mustafa Awang Kechik, Muhammadin Hamid, Martha Rianna, Novita, Rahmadhani Banurea, Norazimah Mohd Yusof, Nur Jannah Azman

“…SEM observations found average particle sizes of approximately 53 nm for nanoparticles synthesized with NaOH and 20 nm for those synthesized with NH4OH. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the synthesized nanoparticles retain the magnetite (Fe3O4) phase with a face-centered cubic (FCC) spinel structure. …”
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Detection of melatonin and 5-HTP in dietary supplements based on multiple spectra by Huiyu Yang, Huiyu Yang, Huiyu Yang, Xinrui Zhang, Xinrui Zhang, Xinrui Zhang, Yang Gao, Yang Gao, Yang Gao, Zhuang Peng, Zhuang Peng, Zhuang Peng, Bo Su, Bo Su, Bo Su, Kai Li, Cunlin Zhang, Cunlin Zhang, Cunlin Zhang

“…Rapid and accurate identification of dietary supplement types and their contents remains a significant challenge in ensuring food safety.MethodsIn this study, qualitative and quantitative analysis of melatonin and 5-HTP was performed using Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). …”
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A Study on Cu Thin-Film Electroplated TiO₂ Photoanodes for Applications in Natural Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by M. D. P. A. Shakya, K. M. D. C. Jayathilaka, W. T. R. S. Fernando, W. T. M. A. P. K. Wanninayake, L. S. R. Kumara, O. Seo, J. Tang, O. Sakata, W. P. Siripala, R. P. Wijesundera

“…Film characterization was performed using hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES), grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), and photocurrent density–voltage (J–V) measurements. …”
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Metal Powder Production by Atomization of Free-Falling Melt Streams Using Pulsed Gaseous Shock and Detonation Waves by Sergey M. Frolov, Vladislav S. Ivanov, Viktor S. Aksenov, Igor O. Shamshin, Fedor S. Frolov, Alan E. Zangiev, Tatiana I. Eyvazova, Vera Ya. Popkova, Maksim V. Grishin, Andrey K. Gatin, Tatiana V. Dudareva

“…The analysis of solidified particles and particle size distribution in the powder is studied by sifting on sieves, optical microscopy, laser diffraction wet dispersion method (WDM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). …”
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Unlocking innovation: Novel films synthesised and structurally analysed from poly (l-lactide-co-ethylene adipate) block copolymers blended with poly(lactic acid) by Athira John, Klementina Pušnik Črešnar, Johan Stanley, Sabina Vohl, Damjan Makuc, Dimitrios N. Bikiaris, Lidija Fras Zemljič

“…The study employs a range of analytical techniques, including Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Polarised Light Microscopy (PLM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), to thoroughly characterize the copolymers and blend films. …”
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Synthesis, X-Ray Crystal Structures, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Studies of a Series of Barbiturate Derivatives by Assem Barakat, Hazem A. Ghabbour, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid, Qurat-ul-ain, Rehan Imad, Kulsoom Javaid, Nimra Naveed Shaikh, Sammer Yousuf, M. Iqbal Choudhary, Abdul Wadood

“…The molecular structures of compounds 5a, 5d, and 5f were solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The results of bioassay show that compounds 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, and 4g are potent antioxidants in comparison to the tested standards, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and N-acetylcysteine. …”
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Enhanced radiation shielding via incorporating europium oxide in 316L stainless steel: Synthesis, physical, microstructural, shielding, and mechanical properties by H.O. Tekin, Nihal Yayla, M.Gökhan Albayrak, Ömer Güler, Duygu Sen Baykal, Hessa Alkarrani, Ghada ALMisned

“…In this study, 316L stainless steel composites reinforced with varying amounts of Eu2O3 (1%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) were synthesized and investigated for their structural, mechanical, and radiation shielding properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the face-centered cubic (FCC) structure of the steel matrix was preserved up to 5% Eu2O3 reinforcement, while higher concentrations led to phase formation and crystallographic changes. …”
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