The Effect of Diacerein on Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials with Trial Sequential Analysis by Shizhe Guo, Xianshan Guo, Hongya Zhang, Xuan’e Zhang, Zhen Li

“…The difference in continuous data was measured by mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI), while the difference of dichotomous data was calculated by relative risk (RR) and 95% CI. …”
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Steroid use for established bronchopulmonary dysplasia: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis by Roy K Philip, Joanna Seliga-Siwecka, Eduardo Villamor, Maria Pierro, Niazy Al Assaf, Sabina Strashun, Roberto Chioma, Kinga Zielińska, Krzysztof Włodarczyk

“…We will combine OR with 95% CI for dichotomous outcomes and the mean difference (95% CI) for continuous outcomes. …”
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African animal trypanocide resistance: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Keneth Iceland, Kasozi, Ewan, Thomas MacLeod, Susan, Christina Welburn

“…Data were cleaned using the SR deduplicator and covidence and analyzed using Cochrane RevMan®. Dichotomous outputs were presented using risk ratio (RR), while continuous data were presented using the standardized mean difference (SMD) at a 95% confidence interval. …”
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Is surgery superior for distal ulna fractures? a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis by Zakaria Chabihi, Brahim Demnati, Mohamed Moussadiq, Tariq Aalil, Yassine Fath El Khir, El Mehdi Boumediane, Mohamed Amine Benhima, Imad Abkari

“…The meta-analysis used standardized mean differences for continuous outcomes and log odds ratios for dichotomous outcomes. Results The initial search yielded 1253 studies, which were narrowed down to 12 studies suitable for review after removing duplicates and irrelevant articles. …”
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Association between mixed exposure of non-persistent pesticides and liver fibrosis in the general US population: NHANES 2013–2016 by Shuge Shu, Yuan Li, Xiangyu Yu, Xinting Chen, Ummara Abdullah, Yongquan Yu

“…In single exposure analysis, significant and persistent associations were identified for 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol (TCPY), para-nitrophenol (PNP), glyphosate (GLYP) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) exposure with both continuous and dichotomous liver fibrosis outcomes. Of them, TCPY and GLYP had the highest effect estimates, with the corresponding FIB-4 coefficient (β) being 0.09 (0.05–0.13, model 3) and 0.09 (0.06–0.12, model 3), respectively. …”
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Modified sutureless and glue-free method versus conventional sutures for conjunctival autograft fixation in primary pterygium surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Faisal Aljahdali, Waleed Khayyat, Abdulelah T BinYamin, Sultan A Al-Qahtani, Mohammed D Alghamdi, Ali Saleh Alsudais, Husain A Alalgum, Halah Bin Helayel, Mohammed AlMutlak

“…Standardised mean difference (SMD) and risk ratio (RR) were used for continuous and dichotomous outcomes, respectively.Results 11 RCTs involving 833 participants were included. …”
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Efficacy of Tenofovir-Based Combination Therapy versus Tenofovir Monotherapy in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Presenting with Suboptimal Responses to Pretreatment: A Meta-Analysis by Ling Chen, Xiwei Wang, Qiongfang Zhang, Jiaojiao Gong, Shasha Shen, Wenwei Yin, Huaidong Hu

“…A comprehensive literature search was performed on the comparison of TDF-based combination therapy and monotherapy for CHB patients in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Libraries. Both dichotomous and continuous variables were extracted and pooled outcomes were expressed as risk ratio (RR) or standard mean difference (SMD). …”
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Mesalazine for People with Diverticular Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials by Andrea Iannone, Marinella Ruospo, Germaine Wong, Michele Barone, Mariabeatrice Principi, Alfredo Di Leo, Giovanni F. M. Strippoli

“…We estimated risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous outcomes (disease remission/recurrence, acute diverticulitis in symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease, need for surgery/hospitalization, all-cause/disease-related mortality, adverse events), mean differences (MD) or standardized MD (SMD) for continuous outcomes (quality of life, symptoms score, time to recurrence/remission), and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) using random-effects models. …”
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Efficacy and Safety of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation for Postoperative Pain: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials by Dan Wang, Hongshuo Shi, Zhenguo Yang, Wenbin Liu, Lu Qi, Chengda Dong, Guomin Si, Qi Guo

“…Relative risk (RR) and 95% CI were used for dichotomous data. The data were pooled and analyzed by RevMan 5.4 and STATA15.0 software. …”
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Aortic Stiffness Is Related to the Ischemic Brain Injury Biomarker N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Antibody Levels in Aortic Valve Replacement by Emaddin Kidher, Vanash M. Patel, Petros Nihoyannopoulos, Jon R. Anderson, Andrew Chukwuemeka, Darrel P. Francis, Hutan Ashrafian, Thanos Athanasiou

“…We analyzed PWV and NR2Ab in two ways: (1) as continuous variables using the actual value and (2) as dichotomous variables (PWV-norm and PWV-high groups) and (NR2Ab-low and NR2Ab-high groups). …”
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Distal Transradial Access in Anatomical Snuffbox for Coronary Angiography and Intervention: An Updated Meta-Analysis by Chendi Liang, Qinghua Han, Yongping Jia, Chunyu Fan, Gang Qin

“…The pooled odds ratio (OR), weighted mean difference (WMD), and standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated for dichotomous and continuous variables, respectively. …”
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Linear Programming as a Tool for Managing the Training Process of Esports Teams by Oksana Shynkaruk, Nataliia Byshevets, Alla Aloshyna, Olena Iakovenko, Kostiantyn Serhiienko, Valerii Pinchuk, Oleksandr Petryk, Ivan Lut

“…Reliable statistical methods were employed: the dichotomous scale (results were processed using Cochran’s Q concordance coefficient, which determined the consistency of expert opinions regarding each type of training); and the ratio scale (ranking) – the consistency of opinions was analyzed using Kendall’s W concordance coefficient. …”
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Nutritional intake of micronutrient and macronutrient and type 2 diabetes: machine learning schemes by Mohammad Rashidmayvan, Amin Mansoori, Elahe Derakhshan-Nezhad, Davoud Tanbakuchi, Fatemeh Sangin, Maryam Mohammadi-Bajgiran, Malihehsadat Abedsaeidi, Sara Ghazizadeh, MohammadReza Mohammad Taghizadeh Sarabi, Ali Rezaee, Gordon Ferns, Habibollah Esmaily, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan

“…LR is a statistical model applied in dichotomous response variable modeling. All data were analyzed by SPSS (Version 22) and SAS JMP software. …”
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Biomass allocation and root topology alteration of an introduced amphibious plant in response to cultural eutrophication by Xiaolong Huang, Yu Zhao, Hai Xu, Chunyu Yin, Ruijie Shen, Baohua Guan, Zhigang Mao, Hu He, Jinlei Yu, Kuanyi Li

“…The aquatic or edaphic root branching did not change, but the aquatic root topology of M. aquaticum exhibited similar stable trends with increasing P concentration, indicating typical herringbone branching; additionally, its edaphic roots exhibited decreasing topological indices, indicating more typical dichotomous branching with increasing P concentration. …”
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Association between white blood cell count and coronary artery bypass graft failure: an individual patient data analysis of clinical trials by Kevin R. An, Sigrid Sandner, Joyce Peper, Yanzai Zhou, Jurrien M. ten Berg, Lamia Harik, Yunpeng Zhu, Laura M. Willemsen, Qiang Zhao, Björn Redfors, Subodh Verma, Mario F. L. Gaudino

“…When evaluated as a dichotomous variable [≥ 11 vs. < 11 × 109/L] and by quartile, WBC count was not associated with graft failure at the patient and individual graft levels. …”
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Safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 93,057 minor stroke patients by Mostafa Hossam El Din Moawad, Talal Salem, Anas Alaaeldin, Youssef Elaraby, Peter D. Awad, Amr Ahmed Khalifa, Ahmed El Naggar, Khaled Ashraf Mohamed, Mohamed Elhalal, Mostafa Badr, Ramy Abdelnaby

“…We conducted this meta-analysis using the random effect model to account for the heterogeneity among the studies. For the dichotomous variables, we calculated the odds ratio (OR) from the event and total of these variables. …”
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Aluminium adjuvants versus placebo or no intervention in vaccine randomised clinical trials: a systematic review with meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis by Christian Gluud, Marija Barbateskovic, Sara Russo Krauss, Janus C Jakobsen, Sesilje Bondo Petersen, Sarah Louise Klingenberg, Snezana Djurisic, Mette Kenfelt, De Zhao Kong

“…Objectives To assess the benefits and harms of aluminium adjuvants versus placebo or no intervention in randomised clinical trials in relation to human vaccine development.Design Systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis assessing the certainty of evidence with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).Data sources We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, BIOSIS, Science Citation Index Expanded and Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science until 29 June 2021, and Chinese databases until September 2021.Eligibility criteria Randomised clinical trials irrespective of type, status and language of publication, with trial participants of any sex, age, ethnicity, diagnosis, comorbidity and country of residence.Data extraction and synthesis Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias with Cochrane’s RoB tool 1. Dichotomous data were analysed as risk ratios (RRs) and continuous data as mean differences. …”
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The role of sacubitril/valsartan in abnormal renal function patients combined with heart failure: a meta-analysis and systematic analysis by Xinyue Yang, Jingjing Jin, Meijuan Cheng, Jinsheng Xu, Yaling Bai

“…Aims This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan in abnormal renal function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2) patients combined with heart failure based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies.Methods The Embase, PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies from inception to December 2023. Dichotomous variables were described as event counts with the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) values. …”
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The Effect of Colloids versus Crystalloids for Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy on Prognosis in Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials by Wang Niu, Junyi Li, Shouping Wang

“…The odds ratio (OR) of the dichotomous data, mean difference (MD) of continuous data, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to assess the pooled data. …”
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Investigating the associations between personality functioning, cognitive biases, and (non-)perceptive clinical high-risk symptoms of psychosis in the community by Giulia Rinaldi, Stefan Lerch, Frauke Schultze-Lutter, Stefanie Julia Schmidt, Marialuisa Cavelti, Michael Kaess, Chantal Michel

“…In an exploratory analysis, personality functioning elements identity and self-direction, and cognitive biases dichotomous thinking, emotional reasoning, and catastrophizing, respectively, showed multifaceted associations with nonper-CHR-P-symptom likelihood and overall CHR-P-symptom expression. …”
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