Relationship between renal ultrasonographic, CD4 cell count and proteinuria findings in HIV infected adult patients in Jos, Nigeria by P. M., Gwom, D., Atsukwei, E. D., Eze, E. O., Igoh, E. A., Gabkwe, M. D., Adams, K. M., Rabiu, I., Ezekiel

“…Sonographically based determination of renal size and echogenicity/echopattern combined with proteinuria are good determinants of renal parenchymal disease and may have diagnostic usefulness as a non-invasive procedure in the identification of HIVAN in HIV-positive subjects with renal disease.…”
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Prevalence of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax in Lira District, Uganda by Aziz, Katabazi, Adamu, Almustapha Aliero, Sarah, Gift Witto, Martin, Odoki, Simon Peter, Musinguzi

“…Polymerase reaction amplification was the most reliable diagnostic method due to its high sensitivity and specificity as compared to the conventional microscopic method. …”
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Heterogeneous clinical phenotypes of sporadic early-onset Alzheimer’s disease: a neuropsychological data-driven approach by Deepti Putcha, Yuta Katsumi, Alexandra Touroutoglou, Ani Eloyan, Alexander Taurone, Maryanne Thangarajah, Paul Aisen, Jeffrey L. Dage, Tatiana Foroud, Clifford R. Jack, Joel H. Kramer, Kelly N. H. Nudelman, Rema Raman, Prashanthi Vemuri, Alireza Atri, Gregory S. Day, Ranjan Duara, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Ian M. Grant, Lawrence S. Honig, Erik C. B. Johnson, David T. Jones, Joseph C. Masdeu, Mario F. Mendez, Erik Musiek, Chiadi U. Onyike, Meghan Riddle, Emily Rogalski, Stephen Salloway, Sharon Sha, R. Scott Turner, Thomas S. Wingo, David A. Wolk, Kyle Womack, Maria C. Carrillo, Gil D. Rabinovici, Bradford C. Dickerson, Liana G. Apostolova, Dustin B. Hammers, the LEADS Consortium

“…These findings have important implications for diagnostic accuracy and treatment considerations.…”
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Nationwide multi-centric prospective study for the identification of biomarkers to predict the treatment responses of nivolumab through comprehensive analyses of pretreatment plasm... by Kuniaki Sato, Satoshi Toh, Taku Murakami, Takafumi Nakano, Takahiro Hongo, Mioko Matsuo, Kazuki Hashimoto, Masashi Sugasawa, Keisuke Yamazaki, Yushi Ueki, Torahiko Nakashima, Hideoki Uryu, Takeharu Ono, Hirohito Umeno, Tsutomu Ueda, Satoshi Kano, Kiyoaki Tsukahara, Akihito Watanabe, Ichiro Ota, Nobuya Monden, Shigemichi Iwae, Takashi Maruo, Yukinori Asada, Nobuhiro Hanai, Daisuke Sano, Hiroyuki Ozawa, Takahiro Asakage, Takahito Fukusumi, Muneyuki Masuda

“…This nationwide multi-centric prospective study aimed to identify a plasma exosome (PEX) mRNA signature, which serves as a companion diagnostic of nivolumab and provides a biological clue to develop effective therapies for a majority of non-survivors.MethodsPre-treatment plasmas (N = 104) of RM-HNSCC patients were subjected to comprehensive PEX mRNA analyses for prognostic marker discovery and validation. …”
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Multiple large language models versus experienced physicians in diagnosing challenging cases with gastrointestinal symptoms by Xintian Yang, Tongxin Li, Han Wang, Rongchun Zhang, Zhi Ni, Na Liu, Huihong Zhai, Jianghai Zhao, Fandong Meng, Zhongyin Zhou, Shanhong Tang, Limei Wang, Xiangping Wang, Hui Luo, Gui Ren, Linhui Zhang, Xiaoyu Kang, Jun Wang, Ning Bo, Xiaoning Yang, Weijie Xue, Xiaoyin Zhang, Ning Chen, Rui Guo, Baiwen Li, Yajun Li, Yaling Liu, Tiantian Zhang, Shuhui Liang, Yong Lv, Yongzhan Nie, Daiming Fan, Lina Zhao, Yanglin Pan

“…Abstract Faced with challenging cases, doctors are increasingly seeking diagnostic advice from large language models (LLMs). …”
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Artificial intelligence: a useful tool in active tuberculosis screening among vulnerable groups in Romania - advantages and limitations by Beatrice Mahler, Beatrice Mahler, Beatrice Mahler, Alexandru Stoichiță, Alexandru Stoichiță, Alexandru Stoichiță, Dragoș Băiceanu, Dragoș Băiceanu, Traian-Constantin Panciu, Traian-Constantin Panciu, Dragoș Dendrino, Dragoș Dendrino, Mihaela Mihai, Mihaela Mihai, Raluca Bobocea, Elmira Ibraim, Elmira Ibraim, Mara Bălteanu, Mara Bălteanu, Oana Popescu, Oana Popescu, Mădălina Oana Burecu, Mădălina Oana Burecu, Ioana Mădălina Moșteanu, Ioana Mădălina Moșteanu, Vanessa Veronese, Radu Matache, Radu Matache, Ioana Munteanu, Ioana Munteanu, Ioana Munteanu, Cristina Popa, Cristina Popa, Justina Antonela Dragomir, Justina Antonela Dragomir, Justina Antonela Dragomir

“…IntroductionDespite advances in diagnostic technologies for tuberculosis (TB), global control of this disease requires improved technologies for active case finding in selected vulnerable populations. …”
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LungDiag: Empowering artificial intelligence for respiratory diseases diagnosis based on electronic health records, a multicenter study by Hengrui Liang, Tao Yang, Zihao Liu, Wenhua Jian, Yilong Chen, Bingliang Li, Zeping Yan, Weiqiang Xu, Luming Chen, Yifan Qi, Zhiwei Wang, Yajing Liao, Peixuan Lin, Jiameng Li, Wei Wang, Li Li, Meijia Wang, YunHui Zhang, Lizong Deng, Taijiao Jiang, Jianxing He

“…LungDiag demonstrated superior diagnostic performance, achieving an F1 score of 0.711 for top 1 diagnosis and 0.927 for top 3 diagnoses. …”
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Unraveling the immunological landscape and gut microbiome in sepsis: a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and prognosisResearch in context by Yali Luo, Jian Gao, Xinliang Su, Helian Li, Yingcen Li, Wenhao Qi, Xuling Han, Jingxuan Han, Yiran Zhao, Alin Zhang, Yan Zheng, Feng Qian, Hongyu He

“…Interpretation: NK cell subsets within innate immunity exhibit significant diagnostic value for sepsis, particularly when combined with B. salyersiae and CRP. …”
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Deep learning helps discriminate between autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cholangitis by Alessio Gerussi, Oliver Lester Saldanha, Giorgio Cazzaniga, Damiano Verda, Zunamys I. Carrero, Bastian Engel, Richard Taubert, Francesca Bolis, Laura Cristoferi, Federica Malinverno, Francesca Colapietro, Reha Akpinar, Luca Di Tommaso, Luigi Terracciano, Ana Lleo, Mauro Viganó, Cristina Rigamonti, Daniela Cabibi, Vincenza Calvaruso, Fabio Gibilisco, Nicoló Caldonazzi, Alessandro Valentino, Stefano Ceola, Valentina Canini, Eugenia Nofit, Marco Muselli, Julien Calderaro, Dina Tiniakos, Vincenzo L’Imperio, Fabio Pagni, Nicola Zucchini, Pietro Invernizzi, Marco Carbone, Jakob Nikolas Kather

“…The results of this study are crucial for pathologists, researchers, and clinicians, providing a reliable diagnostic tool that reduces interobserver variability and improves diagnostic accuracy of these conditions. …”
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AI-assisted neurocognitive assessment protocol for older adults with psychiatric disorders by Diego D. Díaz-Guerra, Marena de la C. Hernández-Lugo, Yunier Broche-Pérez, Carlos Ramos-Galarza, Ernesto Iglesias-Serrano, Zoylen Fernández-Fleites

“…The protocol utilizes AI to enhance diagnostic accuracy by analyzing data from these tests and supplementing observations made by researchers.Anticipated resultsThe AI-assisted protocol offers several advantages, including a thorough and customized evaluation of neurocognitive functions. …”
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PHYLLOID TUMORS OF MAMMARY GLANDS. CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM by A. D. Zikiryakhodzhaev, I. M. Shirokikh, N. V. Kharchenko, G. M. Zapirov, E. K. Saribekyan, N. V. Ablitsova, A. V. Ermakov, M. A. Kunda, V. S. Sidorenko, H. S. Gevorgyan

“…In this review, we will discuss the results of major retrospective studies, including data on epidemiology, etiology, diagnostic approach, strategies and results of treatment of this complex group of breast pathologies.…”
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M-Mode in grade 3 dyspneic patients assessment by Ravikanti Karthik, Yerramsetty Venu Sashank, Kumar Ranjith K., Haward Raymond

“…To clinically achieve higher accuracy during the diagnostic process, our study uses motion-mode (M-MODE) echo parameters. …”
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Effect of Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding on Metabolic Syndrome and Its Risk Factors in Morbidly Obese Adolescents by Rushika Conroy, Eun-Ju Lee, Amy Jean, Sharon E. Oberfield, Aviva Sopher, Krystina Kiefer, Courtney Raker, Donald J. McMahon, Jeffrey L. Zitsman, Ilene Fennoy

“…Correlations between change in weight parameters and components of MeS in those with and without MeS at baseline were examined and found to vary by diagnostic category. LAGB is effective for short-term improvement in weight, inflammatory markers, and components of MeS in morbidly obese adolescents.…”
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Integration of Gastric Cancer RNA‐Seq Datasets Along With PPI Network Suggests That Nonhub Nodes Have the Potential to Become Biomarkers by Akram Siavoshi, Mehran Piran, Ali Sharifi‐Zarchi, Fatemeh Ataellahi

“…ABSTRACT Background The breakthrough discovery of novel biomarkers with prognostic and diagnostic value enables timely medical intervention for the survival of patients diagnosed with gastric cancer (GC). …”
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Mortal consequences of a cooperative action between Takotsubo syndrome and increased intracranial pressure by Gennaro Alfano, Deasy Ciervo, Teresa Migliore, Antonia Sorbo, Manuela Ariello, Andrea Vitale, Mikko O. Laukkanen, Salvatore Del Gaudio

“…For the immediate treatment, the patient received cardiovascular system supporting medication. The cardiac diagnostic results were (i) the ECG suggested an elevation in the left ventricular systolic function, (ii) the blood test showed neutrophilia, increased creatine and increased troponin I kinase values, and (iii) the coronary angiogram and ECG analysis demonstrated a lack of a myocardial infarction but identified apical akinesia. …”
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Distinctive Gut Microbiota Alteration Is Associated with Poststroke Functional Recovery: Results from a Prospective Cohort Study by Yini Dang, Xintong Zhang, Yu Zheng, Binbin Yu, Dijia Pan, Xiaomin Jiang, Chengjie Yan, Qiuyu Yu, Xiao Lu

“…Random forest and receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers. Relationships between discriminant bacteria and poststroke functional outcomes were estimated. …”
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Te fauna of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Armenia by V.A. Burlak, Yu.V. Andreeva, O.V. Shcherbakov, V.S. Fedorova, E.S. Soboleva, M.K. Haidara, S.S. Alekseeva, R.V. Slobodyanik, H.S. Gevorgyan, S.A. Aghayan, G.N. Artemov

“…In addition to using cytogenetic and molecular diagnostic methods, the larvae and adults morphological characteristics or egg chorion pattern were used to identify 1607 adults and 392 larvae. …”
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MDCT in the Differentiation of Adrenal Masses: Comparison between Different Scan Delays for the Evaluation of Intralesional Washout by Giuseppe Angelelli, Maria Elisabetta Mancini, Marco Moschetta, Pasquale Pedote, Pasquale Pignataro, Arnaldo Scardapane

“…The evaluation of the wash-out values in CT scans performed at 5′, 10′, and 15′ provides comparable diagnostic results. CT scans performed at 5′ are, therefore, to be preferred, since they reduce the examination time and patient discomfort.…”
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A Multi-Branch Convolution and Dynamic Weighting Method for Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Acoustic–Vibration Information Fusion by Xianming Sun, Yuhang Yang, Changzheng Chen, Miao Tian, Shengnan Du, Zhengqi Wang

“…The model achieved over 99% diagnostic accuracy under all signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions, showcasing exceptional robustness and noise resistance in both noisy and high-SNR environments. …”
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Massa mediastinal em lactente - relato de caso by Thiago Rezende Silveira, Daniel Pinheiro Ferreira, Elina Tosta Oliveira, Danielle Paula de Oliveira Gonçalves, Eliene Machado de Freitas Félix, Adriana Cartafina Perez Bóscollo

“…Suspecting and applying appropriate diagnostic methods and surgical procedures are essential for treatment and reducing harm to these patients, who often undergo unnecessary treatments before diagnosis.…”
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