Distributed training of foundation models for ophthalmic diagnosis by Sina Gholami, Fatema-E Jannat, Atalie Carina Thompson, Sally Shin Yee Ong, Jennifer I. Lim, Theodore Leng, Hamed Tabkhivayghan, Minhaj Nur Alam

“…Abstract Vision impairment affects nearly 2.2 billion people globally, and nearly half of these cases could be prevented with early diagnosis and intervention—underscoring the urgent need for reliable and scalable detection methods for conditions like diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. …”
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Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Diabetic Microvascular Complications: Friends or Foes? by Cai-Guo Yu, Ning Zhang, Sha-Sha Yuan, Yan Ma, Long-Yan Yang, Ying-Mei Feng, Dong Zhao

“…However, antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment is the main therapy for diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy, indicating the uncertain role of EPCs in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular disease. …”
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Neovascular Glaucoma as the First Symptom of Bilateral Occlusive Retinal Vasculitis in a 4-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report by Klaudia Rakusiewicz-Krasnodębska, Joanna Jędrzejczak-Młodziejewska, Krystyna Kanigowska, Wojciech Hautz

“…Neovascular glaucoma is a rare and serious condition typically associated with advanced ocular or systemic vascular diseases such as central retinal vein occlusion or diabetic retinopathy. This report describes a unique case of neovascular glaucoma presenting for the first time as an initial symptom of bilateral occlusive retinal vasculitis (ORV) in a generally healthy 4-year-old girl. …”
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Minimally Invasive Vitreoretinal Surgery (25G, 27G) with High-speed Vitrectomy Cutter – Case Series by Krzysztof Broniarek, Katarzyna Michalska-Małecka

“…Case report: The analysis concerns the results of the performed posterior vitrectomy procedure in patients with full-thickness macular hole, tractional retinal detachment due to diabetic retinopathy, and vitreomacular traction syndrome. …”
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Retinal Microvascular Density and Perfusion during an Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia Episode: A Warning Call by Gerardo González-Saldivar, José Gerardo González-González, David Robert Chow, Jesús Mohamed-Hamsho, Jesús Hernan González-Cortés, Adriana Sánchez-García, René Rodríguez-Gutiérrez

“…To evaluate retinal vascular perfusion and density by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) before, during, and after hypoglycemia in individuals with diabetes mellitus with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods. A focused clinical history was performed, followed by an ophthalmological examination to document retinopathy status. …”
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Application of deep learning algorithm for judicious use of anti-VEGF in diabetic macular edema by Anwesa Mondal, Apurba Nandi, Subhasish Pramanik, Lakshmi Kanta Mondal

“…Abstract Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) is a major complication of diabetic retinopathy characterized by fluid accumulation in the macula, leading to vision impairment. …”
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Influences of 27-Gauge Vitrectomy on Corneal Topographic Conditions by Takafumi Hirashima, Takao Utsumi, Miou Hirose, Hideyasu Oh

“…Twenty-three eyes with epiretinal membrane (ERM), 23 eyes with macular hole (MH), and 10 eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) were included. Forty-five of the 56 eyes underwent 27-gauge phacovitrectomy (group 1), and the remaining 11 eyes underwent 27-gauge vitrectomy alone (group 2). …”
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Rectal Application of Ozone to Patients with Diabetes Mellitus by Omar Morejón Barroso, Imandra María García Menéndez, Leticia Varela Castro, Ernesto Julio Bernal Valladares

“…Demographic variables were collected: age and sex; clinics: hemochemical parameters, time of evolution of the disease and nutritional status; as neurovascular complications: diabetic foot, diabetic polyneuropathy and diabetic retinopathy; treatments: hypoglycemic; modifiable risk factors: arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcoholism, physical exercise; calculation of body mass index. …”
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Characterization of Type 2 Diabetic Patients Admitted to the Diabetes Care Center of Cienfuegos by Gisela Zerquera Trujillo, Belkis Vicente Sánchez, Elodia Rivas Alpizar, Miriam Costa Cruz

“…Degree 1 of the risk of developing a diabetic foot predominated. Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy were the most frequent followed by ischemic cardiopathy. …”
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Comparison of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness among patients with intermittent exotropia according to fixation preference: a retrospective observational study by Yeon Ju Lim, Soo Jung Lee

“…GCIPL thickness was measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and the macula was divided into nine sectors according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS). GCIPL thickness in each sector was compared between the monocular and alternating exotropia groups. …”
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Ischemic Postconditioning Mitigates Retinopathy in Tree Shrews with Diabetic Cerebral Ischemia by Ling Zhao, Qiwei Liao, Yueting Zhang, Shufen Tan, Shuqing Li, Tingyu Ke

“…We aimed to explore the protective roles of ischemic PC on diabetic retinopathy in tree shrews with diabetic cerebral ischemia. …”
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Rho-Kinase/ROCK as a Potential Drug Target for Vitreoretinal Diseases by Muneo Yamaguchi, Shintaro Nakao, Mitsuru Arima, Iori Wada, Yoshihiro Kaizu, Feng Hao, Shigeo Yoshida, Koh-hei Sonoda

“…Vitreoretinal diseases including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and proliferative vitreoretinoapthy are still a major cause of blindness. …”
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The ERK1/2 Inhibitor U0126 Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Upregulation of MMP-9 and Biomarkers of Inflammation in the Retina by Ghulam Mohammad, Mohammad Mairaj Siddiquei, Mohammad Imtiaz Nawaz, Ahmed M. Abu El-Asrar

“…These data provide evidence that ERK1/2 signaling pathway is involved in MMP-9, iNOS, IL-6, and TNF-α induction in diabetic retinas and suggest that ERK1/2 can be a novel therapeutic target in diabetic retinopathy.…”
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TNF-α and Microalbuminuria in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by I.-Th. Lampropoulou, M. Stangou, A. Papagianni, T. Didangelos, F. Iliadis, G. Efstratiadis

“…Patients with microalbuminuria were older, with higher glycosylated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) and they more frequently had diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease and were on treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and/or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). …”
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Study on Association of Pentraxin 3 and Diabetic Nephropathy in a Rat Model by Xuehai Chen, Jiao Luo, Minmin Wu, Zhuo Pan, Yue Xie, Hongwei Wang, Bicheng Chen, Hong Zhu

“…Compared with other therapies for diabetic patients, islet transplantation can effectively prevent and reverse diabetes-induced microvascular disease, such as diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. PTX3 is the only long pentraxin that can be detected in renal tissue. …”
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Overexpression of MiR-183/96/182 Triggers Retina-Like Fate in Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hBMSCs) in Culture by Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani, Fatemeh Forouzanfar, Samira Asgharzade, Nilufar Ghorbani

“…Retinal degeneration is considered as a condition ensued by different blinding disorders such as retinitis pigmentosa, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy, which can cause loss of photoreceptor cells and also lead to significant vision deficiencies. …”
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Latent class analysis of the capacity of countries to manage diabetes and its relationship with diabetes-related deaths and healthcare costs by Samuel Akyirem, Emmanuel Ekpor, Charles Boakye Kwanin

“…Methods Eight indicators of country-level capacity were drawn from the World Health Organization Global Health Observatory dataset: the widespread availability of hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) testing, existence of diabetes registry, national diabetes management guidelines, national strategy for diabetes care, blood glucose testing, diabetic retinopathy screening, sulfonylureas, and metformin in the public health sector. …”
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Trimethylamine-N-Oxide Promotes High-Glucose-Induced Dysfunction and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells by Lidan Xue, Lili Huang, Yajing Tian, Xin Cao, Yu Song

“…Along with blood glucose levels, diabetic retinopathy (DR) development also involves endogenous risk factors, such as trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a product of intestinal flora metabolic disorder, which exacerbates diabetic microvascular complications. …”
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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Lower Limb Amputation: A Clinic-Based Case Control Study by Beverly T. Rodrigues, Venkat N. Vangaveti, Usman H. Malabu

“…Risk factors most closely associated with amputation included diabetic retinopathy (p=0.00, OR 4.4), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery (p=0.01, OR 4.1), Charcot’s arthropathy (p=0.01, OR 2.9), and Indigenous ethnicity (p=0.01, OR 3.4). …”
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Eales’ Disease in Inuit: A Short Report and Clinical Update by Forshaw TRJ, Moldow B

“…There had been no sign of diabetic retinopathy during diabetic eye screening and the patient had been treated for tuberculosis in 2010. …”
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