Safe, effective and cost-effective oxygen saturation targets for children and adolescents with respiratory distress: protocol for a randomised controlled trial (OxyKids study) by Jolita Bekhof, Eleni-Rosalina Andrinopoulou, J Bosmans, Gerard Koppelman, Karlijn J van Stralen, Anja Vaessen-Verberne, Sam Louman, Caroline Brackel, Arvid W A Kamps, Ismé de Kleer, Walter Balemans, Mirjam Scheffer, Marianne Brouwer, Marije van den Beukel, Mariëlle W H Pijnenburg, Annemie L M Boehmer

“…Parents of patients and patient representatives are involved in all stages of the study, from design to results, interpretation and dissemination. …”
Get full text

Strategic management of nano-fertilizers for sustainable rice yield, grain quality, and soil health by Bignyan Ranjan Sahoo, Ashish Kumar Dash, Kiran Kumar Mohapatra, Shraddha Mohanty, Suman G. Sahu, Bidwan Ranjan Sahoo, Meenakhi Prusty, Elora Priyadarshini

“…With this in mind, a randomized block design (RBD) experiment was conducted in an experimental field taking 10 treatments and 3 replications to investigate the effects of integrated approaches of nano-formulated DAP fertilizer applications on rice growth, yield, and nutrient use efficiency over conventional approaches. …”
Get full text

Single, double, and triple-hit strategies to establish a long-term premature rabbit model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia by Chiara Catozzi, Francesca Stretti, Enrica Scalera, Matteo Storti, Angelo Modena, Giorgio Aquila, Gino Villetti, Erica Ferrini, Andrea Grandi, Franco Fabio Stellari, Francesca Ravanetti, Luisa Ragionieri, Roberta Ciccimarra, Matteo Zoboli, Christina Brandenberger, Henri Schulte, Xabier Murgia, Maurizio Civelli, Francesca Ricci

“…Survival, weight gain, lung function, pulmonary artery micro-ultrasound Doppler analysis, lung histology (alveolarization, lung injury score, and design-based stereology), and longitudinal micro-CT imaging were used to compare the outcomes at PND14. …”
Get full text

Gestational weight gain and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a prospective cohort study by Jun Zhang, Yuelin Wu, Sheng Wan, Shengyi Gu, Zhengqian Mou, Lingling Dong, Zhongcheng Luo, Xiaolin Hua

“…Objective To assess the associations of gestational weight gain (GWG) in early and late pregnancy with subsequent risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes in Chinese women.Design Prospective cohort study.Setting Shanghai, China.Participants We studied 2630 nulliparous singleton pregnant women with complete data on weight gain in early (≤17 weeks of gestation) and late (>17 weeks) pregnancy in the Shanghai Birth Cohort.Methods GWG was standardised into z-scores by gestational age and categorised as low (z-score <−1), normal (−1 to +1) and high (>1). …”
Get full text

The effect of prednisolone ingestion and acute exercise on lipocalin-2 and its variants in young men: a pilot randomised crossover study by Carlie Bauer, Rhiannon K. Patten, Qiyang Sun, Haoyun Li, Daniels Konja, Mary Woessner, Xuzhu Lin, Andrew Garnham, David L. Hare, Peter R. Ebeling, Marc Sim, Joshua R. Lewis, Yu Wang, Lewan Parker, Itamar Levinger

“…In a randomised crossover design, nine young healthy men (aged 27.8 ± 4.9 years; BMI 24.4 ± 2.4 kg/m2) completed 30 min of high-intensity aerobic exercise (90–95% heart rate reserve) after glucocorticoid or placebo ingestion. …”
Get full text

Seizure prevalence in children aged up to 3 years: a longitudinal population-based cohort study in Japan by Kandai Nozu, Masahiro Nishiyama, Hiroshi Yamaguchi, Yusuke Ishida, Kazumi Tomioka, Hiroki Takeda, Noriyuki Nishimura, Hiroki Mishina, Kazumoto Iijima, Hiroaki Nagase

“…Objective To investigate the prevalence of seizures/febrile seizures in children up to 3 years of age and examine the effects of gestational age at birth on the risk for febrile seizures.Design Retrospective longitudinal population-based cohort study.Setting Kobe City public health center, Kobe, Japan, from 2010 to 2018.Participants Children who underwent a medical check-up at 3 years of age.Methods Information regarding seizures was collected from the parents of 96 014 children. …”
Get full text

Genetic divergence of hot pepper lines (Capsicum spp.) in hybrid combinations by Šević Biljana, Cvikić Dejan, Slađana Savić, Tupajić Ivan, Ugirnović Milan, Bajagić Marija, Luković Kristina, Stojiljković Jelena

“…In 2023, a randomized block design experiment with three replications of 40 plants each was conducted in a greenhouse at the Institute for Vegetable Crops Smederevska Palanka. …”
Get full text

Early risk assessment in paediatric and adult household contacts of confirmed tuberculosis cases by novel diagnostic tests (ERASE-TB): protocol for a prospective, non-interventiona... by Ursula Panzner, Katharina Kranzer, Tsitsi Bandason, Kuda Mutasa, Sandra Rukobo, Charles Sandy, Bariki Mtafya, Andrea Rachow, Norbert Heinrich, Michael Hoelscher, Judith Bruchfeld, Olena Ivanova, Nyanda Elias Ntinginya, Doreen Pamba, Laura Olbrich, Issa Sabi, Simeon Mwanyonga, Elmar Saathoff, Willyhelmina Olomi, Junior Mutsvangwa, Hazel M Dockrell, Edson Tawanda Marambire, Denise Banze, Alfred Mfinanga, Theodora D Mbunda, Khosa Celso, Gunilla Kallenius, Claire J Calderwood, Christof Geldmacher, Kathrin Held, Tejaswi Appalarowthu, Friedrich Rieß, Anna Shepherd, Christopher Sundling, Mishelle Mugava, Martha Chipinduro, Lwitiho Sudi, Antelmo Haule, Emmanuel Sichone, Paschal Qwaray, Harrieth Mwambola, Lilian Minja, Peter Edwin, Dogo Ngalison, Stella Luswema, Celina Nhamuave, António Machiana, Carla Madeira, Emelva Manhiça, Nádia Sitoe, Jorge Ribeiro

“…Novel diagnostics will be validated using fresh and biobanked samples with a nested case–control design. Cases are defined as HHCs diagnosed with TB (for early diagnosis) or with incident TB (for prediction of progression) and will be matched by age, sex and country to HHCs who remain healthy (controls). …”
Get full text

Genetically Engineered Bacterial Ghosts as Vaccine Candidates Against <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Infection by Svetlana V. Dentovskaya, Anastasia S. Vagaiskaya, Alexandra S. Trunyakova, Alena S. Kartseva, Tatiana A. Ivashchenko, Vladimir N. Gerasimov, Mikhail E. Platonov, Victoria V. Firstova, Andrey P. Anisimov

“…<b>Methods:</b> To increase the efficiency of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> BG formation and, accordingly, to ensure maximum killing of bacteria, we exploited previously designed plasmids with the lysis gene <i>E</i> from bacteriophage φX174 or with holin–endolysin systems of λ or L-413C phages. …”
Get full text

Cost–utility and budget impact analysis of tocilizumab for the treatment of refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Thailand by Nitichen Kittiratchakool, Disorn Kulpokin, Chonticha Chanjam, Soamarat Vilaiyuk, Sirirat Charuvanij, Gun Phongsamart, Parichat Khaosut, Manasita Tanya, Ratanavadee Nanagara, Sira Nantapaisarn, Pattara Leelahavarong

“…Objectives This study aimed to analyse the cost–utility and budget impact of adding tocilizumab to the standard treatment for patients with refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) in Thailand.Design Economic evaluation using a decision-analytical model.Setting Thailand.Participants Patients with refractory sJIA who were ≥2 years old.Methods The use of tocilizumab as an add-on therapy to standard treatment was compared with standard treatment alone. …”
Get full text

Prognostic signature of multimorbidity, geriatric syndromes and resources cluster in older in- and outpatients: a pooled secondary analysis with a 6-month follow-up by Thomas Benzing, Jill Stegemann, Anna Maria Affeldt, Luisa Mück, Anne Ferring, Laura Gerhards, Lena Pickert, Annika Bausch, Philipp Antczak, M Cristina Polidori

“…The present analysis aimed to identify clusters of comorbidities, GS and GR, and to measure their multidimensional prognostic signature in older patients admitted to different healthcare settings.Design Pooled secondary analysis of three longitudinal interventional studies with the 3- and 6-month follow-up data collection on mortality and rehospitalisation.Setting Inpatients in an internal medicine ward (n=495), inpatients in an ageing medicine ward (n=123) and outpatients from a general practice (n=105).Participants A total of 734 patients with multimorbidity who aged over 60 years were recruited between August 2016 and July 2020 (mean age 77.8 years, SD 6.2 and 43% female).Outcome measures Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA), including Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS), 17 GS and 10 GR, and the CGA-based Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI) as a measure of multidimensional prognosis and frailty were assessed. …”
Get full text

Anticancer Peptides Classification Using Long-Short-Term Memory With Novel Feature Representation by Nazer Al Tahifah, Muhammad Sohail Ibrahim, Erum Rehman, Naveed Ahmed, Abdul Wahab, Shujaat Khan

“…Existing techniques either suffer from low accuracy or employ high-dimensional feature sets, frequently producing sparse features and leading to ineffective model designs. This work presents a novel set of features and a long-short-term-memory (LSTM)-based classification strategy to create an efficient model. …”
Get full text

Characteristics of the smallest brucellaphage with strong lytic ability by Hongbaiyu Liu, Hongbaiyu Liu, Youhong Zhong, Zhihong Zhang, Kehong Xu, Kehong Xu, Chunpeng Mao, Chunpeng Mao, Qiuju Yang, Lihua Yang, Binbin Yu, Ying Long, Ying Long, Xinyu Qin, Xinyu Qin, Liyuan Shi, Sheng Chang, Yuanying Shen, Peng Wang

“…In this study, a novel lytic brucellaphage designated Y17 was isolated from sheep fecal samples collected in Ludian County, Yunnan Province, China. …”
Get full text

Associations of Retinal Microvascular Density and Fractal Dimension with Glaucoma: A Prospective Study from UK Biobank by Qi Chen, MD, Suyu Miao, MD, Yuzhe Jiang, MD, Danli Shi, MD, PhD, Weiyun You, MD, Lin Liu, MD, PhD, Mayinuer Yusufu, MTI, Yufan Chen, MD, Ruobing Wang, MD, PhD

“…Objective: To explore the association between retinal microvascular parameters and glaucoma. Design: Prospective study. Subjects: The UK Biobank subjects with fundus images and without a history of glaucoma. …”
Get full text

Emergency volunteering willingness and participation: a cross-sectional survey of residents in northern China by Hong Sun, Chaojie Liu, Wei Xu, Ye Li, Qunhong Wu, Lijun Gao, Zheng Kang, Yanhua Hao, Ning Ning, Mingli Jiao, Libo Liang, Yu Cui, Mengli Shi, Chao Liang, Xiaowen Zhao, Jie Fei, Qiuyu Wei, Ming Yi

“…Objectives This study aimed to identify factors that influence people’s willingness to volunteer and participation in emergency volunteering in northern China.Design/Setting This study was conducted in Heilongjiang province in September and October 2014 using a mixed methods approach, which included a cross-sectional questionnaire survey on community residents and in–depth interviews with community residents and relevant organisational managers and officials in relation to emergency responses. …”
Get full text

Is the topical application of sesame oil (Sesamum indicum L.) combined with standard care valuable and safe for managing infusion-related phlebitis: Evidence from a systematic revi... by Morteza Nasiri, Leila Amirmohseni, Mohammad Farzollah Abbasi, Fatemeh Yarahmadi, Sahar Zonoori, Mahya Torkaman, Elham Sadeghi Moghimi, Mehrnaz Ardaneh, Masoomeh Asadi

“…Thus, to build a valid conclusion about the efficacy and safety of SO in managing IRP, more high-quality RCTs must be conducted considering an active placebo control intervention along with a well-designed randomization and blinding approach, as well as a better description of safety parameters and the quality control information of the SO used. …”
Get full text

Interaction between walkability and fine particulate matter on ischemic heart disease: A prospective cohort study in China by Jiayun Zhang, Peng Shen, Yixing Wang, Zihan Li, Lisha Xu, Jie Qiu, Jingjing Hu, Zongming Yang, Yonghao Wu, Zhanghang Zhu, Hongbo Lin, Zhiqin Jiang, Liming Shui, Mengling Tang, Mingjuan Jin, Feng Tong, Kun Chen, Jianbing Wang

“…Our findings underscore the significance of walkable urban design, air quality improvement, as preventive strategies for IHD.…”
Get full text

Appetite Suppression and Antiobesity Effect of a Botanical Composition Composed of Morus alba, Yerba mate, and Magnolia officinalis by Mesfin Yimam, Ping Jiao, Mei Hong, Lidia Brownell, Young-Chul Lee, Eu-Jin Hyun, Hyun-Jin Kim, Tae-Woo Kim, Jeong-Bum Nam, Mi-Ran Kim, Qi Jia

“…Extracts were standardized to yield a composition designated as UP601. Appetite suppression activity was tested in acute feed intake rat model. …”
Get full text

Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal sepsis in Mali: a cross-sectional study by Bienvenu Salim Camara, Alexandre Delamou, Haoua Dembele, Hamadoun Sangho, Birama Apho Ly, Sidikiba Sidibé, Alioune Camara, Cheick Sidya Sidibé, Alhassane Diallo, Abdoulaye Touré, Fatoumata Bintou Traoré, Elhadj Marouf Diallo, Fatimata Yaro, Mariam Traoré

“…Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors for neonatal sepsis among neonates admitted to selected health facilities in the Bamako district and Koulikoro region in Mali.Design This is a prospective cross-sectional study. …”
Get full text

Clinical validation of an artificial intelligence algorithm for classifying tuberculosis and pulmonary findings in chest radiographs by Thiago Fellipe Ortiz de Camargo, Thiago Fellipe Ortiz de Camargo, Guilherme Alberto Sousa Ribeiro, Guilherme Alberto Sousa Ribeiro, Maria Carolina Bueno da Silva, Luan Oliveira da Silva, Pedro Paulo Teixeira e Silva Torres, Denise do Socorro Rodrigues da Silva, Mayler Olombrada Nunes de Santos, William Salibe Filho, Marcela Emer Egypto Rosa, Magdala de Araujo Novaes, Thiago Augusto Massarutto, Osvaldo Landi Junior, Elaine Yanata, Marcio Rodrigues da Cunha Reis, Gilberto Szarf, Pedro Vieira Santana Netto, Joselisa Peres Queiroz de Paiva

“…This study evaluates a deep learning algorithm designed for CXR interpretation, focusing on its utility for non-specialists in thoracic radiology physicians.PurposeTo assess the performance of a Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)-based AI algorithm in interpreting CXRs and compare it with a team of physicians, including thoracic radiologists, who served as the gold-standard.MethodsA retrospective study from January 2021 to July 2023 evaluated an algorithm with three independent models for Lung Abnormality, Radiological Findings, and Tuberculosis. …”
Get full text