What are the cost-savings and health benefits of improving detection and management for six high cardiovascular risk conditions in England? An economic evaluation by Katy Cooper, Alan Brennan, David Bagguley, Helen Buckley Woods, Chloe Thomas, Penny Breeze, Michael Gillett, Edward Goka, Hazel Y Squires, Gilly Brenner, Joanna Leaviss, Mark Clowes, Laura Heathcote

“…Objectives To estimate the cost savings and health benefits of improving detection of individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in England, to determine to which patient subgroups these benefits arise, and to compare different strategies for subsequent management.Design An economic analysis using the School for Public Health Research CVD Prevention Model.Setting England 2018.Participants Adults aged 16 and older with one or more high cardiovascular risk conditions, including hypertension, diabetes, non-diabetic hyperglycaemia, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease and high cholesterol.Interventions Detection of 100% of individuals with CVD high risk conditions compared with current levels of detection in England. …”
Get full text

Influence of forage-to-concentrate ratio on the effects of a radiata pine bark extract on methane production and fermentation using the rumen simulation technique by N. Vera, S. Suescun-Ospina, C. Gutiérrez-Gómez, P. Williams, C. Fuentealba, R. Allende, J. Ávila-Stagno

“…This study investigated the effects of radiata pine bark extract (PBE) supplementation on CH4 production, ruminal fermentation parameters, and nutrient disappearance using the rumen simulation technique in diets with different forage-to-concentrate (F:C) ratios. The experimental design was a 22 factorial arrangement of two F:C ratios [70:30 (HF) vs 30:70 (HC)], without or with PBE (2% on a DM basis). …”
Get full text

Moscatilin inhibits vascular calcification by activating IL13RA2-dependent inhibition of STAT3 and attenuating the WNT3/β-catenin signalling pathway by Tingting Zhang, Mengmeng Zhu, Jialing Ma, Zhenghong Liu, Zhidan Zhang, Meijie Chen, Yaping Zhao, Huaxin Li, Shengnan Wang, Xiaoning Wei, Wenwen Zhang, Xiaoxiao Yang, Peter J. Little, Danielle Kamato, Hao Hu, Yajun Duan, Baotong Zhang, Jianbo Xiao, Suowen Xu, Yuanli Chen

“…Objectives: This study was designed to test the therapeutic effects and mechanism of Moscatilin (also known as dendrophenol) from Dendrobium huoshanense (an eminent traditional Chinese medicine) in suppressing vascular calcification in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. …”
Get full text

Improvement of soil quality through biochar in rice under wastewater irrigated soil: Effects on heavy metals reduction by Sayon Mukherjee, Satish Kumar Singh, Raimundo Jiménez Ballesta, Abhik Patra, Surendra Singh Jatav

“…Method: The investigation consists of ten treatments in completely randomized design with three replications using simple and concentrated H3PO4 and 1 M FeCl3 modified biochar at graded dose and one biochar untreated control. …”
Get full text

Biochar effects on durum wheat (Triticum durum) under ambient and elevated atmospheric CO2 by Lorenzo Brilli, Franz-Werner Badeck, Lorenzo Genesio, Silvia Baronti, Fulvia Rizza, Clara Fares, Luigi Cattivelli, Franco Miglietta, Anita Maienza, Alessandro Zaldei, Federica Camin, Rosella Motzo, Piero Toscano

“…To test this hypothesis, we present the results of an open field experiment investigating the combined effects of biochar application and e[CO2] on quantitative and qualitative performance of two commercial durum wheat (Triticum durum) cultivars (Aureo and Claudio). The experimental design included plots treated without [B0] or with 30 t ha−1 of biochar as amendment [B30] and grown at ambient a[CO2] and e[CO2] (570 ppm). …”
Get full text

Development of an imputation model to recalibrate birth weights measured in the early neonatal period to time at delivery and assessment of its impact on size-for-gestational age a... by Joanne Katz, James M Tielsch, Luke C Mullany, Diwakar Mohan, Subarna K Khatry, Seema Subedi, Scott L Zeger, Elizabeth A Hazel

“…We aimed to develop an imputation model that predicts the ‘true’ birth weight at time of delivery.Design We developed and applied a model that recalibrates weights measured in the early neonatal period to time=0 at delivery and uses those recalibrated birth weights to impute missing birth weights.Setting This is a secondary analysis of pregnancy cohort data from two studies in Sarlahi district, Nepal.Participants The participants are 457 babies with daily weights measured in the first 10 days of life from a subsample of a larger clinical trial on chlorhexidine (CHX) neonatal skin cleansing and 31 116 babies followed through the neonatal period to test the impact of neonatal massage oil type (Nepal Oil Massage Study (NOMS)).Outcome measures We developed an empirical Bayes model of early neonatal weight change using CHX trial longitudinal data and applied it to the NOMS dataset to recalibrate and then impute birth weight at delivery. …”
Get full text

Cohort profile: Anhui Maternal–Child Health Study in China by Yunxia Cao, Ruoling Chen, Weiju Zhou, Xiaofeng Xu, Xiaoqing Peng, Jiaqian Yin, Chunmei Liang, Ranjit Khutan, Fang-Biao Tao

“…Purpose The Anhui Maternal–Child Health Study (AMCHS) aims to examine determinants of reproduction, pregnancy and postpartum maternal and child health outcomes in Chinese women who received assisted reproductive technology (ART).Study design and participants AMCHS is an ongoing cohort study starting from May 2017. …”
Get full text

Effectiveness of multicomponent interventions in primary healthcare settings to promote continuous smoking cessation in adults: a systematic review by Carlos Martín Cantera, Elisa Puigdomènech, Jose Luis Ballvé, Olga Lucía Arias, Lourdes Clemente, Ramon Casas, Lydia Roig, Santiago Pérez-Tortosa, Laura Díaz-Gete, Sílvia Granollers

“…Objective The objective of the present review is to evaluate multicomponent/complex primary care (PC) interventions for their effectiveness in continuous smoking abstinence by adult smokers.Design A systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials was undertaken.Eligibility criteria for included studies Selected studies met the following criteria: evaluated effects of a multicomponent/complex intervention (with 2 or more intervention components) in achieving at least 6-month abstinence in adult smokers who visited a PC, biochemical confirmation of abstinence, intention-to-treat analysis and results published in English/Spanish.Methods We followed PRISMA statement to report the review. …”
Get full text

Perspectives of nurses and patient representatives on the morally competent nurse: An international focus group study by Chris Gastmans, Evelyne Mertens, Alvisa Palese, Brian Keogh, Francesca Apolloni, Johanna Wiisak, Catherine Mc Cabe, Maria Dimitriadou, Alessandro Galazzi, Michael Igoumenidis, Nikos Stefanopoulos, Paraskevi Charitou, Evridiki Papastavrou, Riitta Suhonen, Stefania Chiappinotto

“…Objective: To explore and document the characteristics of the morally competent nurse from the perspectives of nurses and patient representatives practicing in Europe. Design: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted. …”
Get full text

Assessing HIV/AIDS patients’ access to antiretroviral drugs using the healthcare accessibility framework: a cross-sectional study from Shandong, China by Zhixin Fan, Songlin Zheng, Weiming Cui, Chao Zheng, Qiang Sun, Jia Yin

“…Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey, using convenience sampling, was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients in three AIDS-designated hospitals in Shandong Province. We used catastrophic cost methods and the HIV Treatment Adherence Self-efficacy Scale to assess patients' ability to pay and engage, respectively. …”
Get full text

Evaluation of three-dose fosfomycin tromethamine in the treatment of patients with urinary tract infections: an uncontrolled, open-label, multicentre study by Shan Chen, Yong Yang, Bo Yang, Ming Chen, Kai Zhang, Yi Wang, Lu-Dong Qiao, Bo Zheng, Hong-Feng Guo, Yuan-Jie Niu, Ben-Kang Shi, Wei-Min Yang, Xiao-Kun Zhao, Xiao-Feng Gao

“…Objective To evaluate the clinical and microbiological efficacy and safety of three doses of 3 g fosfomycin tromethamine administered orally to treat lower urinary tract infections.Design and participants This prospective, uncontrolled, open-label study was conducted in 12 medical centres in China, between January and December 2011. …”
Get full text

Outpatient treatment of worsening heart failure with intravenous and subcutaneous diuretics: a systematic review of the literature by Eric Wierda, Cathelijne Dickhoff, Martin Louis Handoko, Liane Oosterom, Wouter Emmanuel Kok, Y. deRover, B.A.J.M. deMol, Loek vanHeerebeek, Jutta Maria Schroeder‐Tanka

“…Of the 11 included studies 10 were single‐centre, using non‐randomized, observational registries of treatment with intravenous or subcutaneous diuretics for patients with worsening HF with highly variable selection criteria, baseline characteristics, and treatment design. One study was a randomized study comparing subcutaneous furosemide with intravenous furosemide. …”
Get full text

Effects of Providing Enrichment to Broilers in an Animal Welfare Environment on Productivity, Litter Moisture, Gas Concentration (CO₂ and NH₃), Animal Welfare... by Chan-Ho Kim, Woo-Do Lee, Ji-Seon Son, Jung-Hwan Jeon, Se-Jin Lim, Su-Mi Kim

“…This study used two facilities that could accommodate 32,000 one-day-old broilers (Arbor acres) per building, and two groups (control and treatment groups) were designed after creating two identical areas within each building (total two treatments, two replicates, 16,000 birds per replicate). …”
Get full text

Trend in CT utilisation and its impact on length of stay, readmission and hospital mortality in Western Australia tertiary hospitals: an analysis of linked administrative data 2003... by Rachael Moorin, Max K Bulsara, Jenny Doust, David Youens, Donald Mcrobbie, John Slavotinek, Thi Ninh Ha, Cameron Wright, Sviatlana Kamarova

“…This study examined trends of CT during admission to tertiary hospitals and its associations with length of stay (LOS), readmission and mortality.Design Retrospective observational study from 2003 to 2015.Setting West Australian linked administrative records at individual level.Participants 2 375 787 episodes of tertiary hospital admission in adults aged 18+ years.Main outcome measures LOS, 30-day readmissions and mortality stratified by CT use status (any, multiple (CTs to multiple areas during episode), and repeat (repeated CT to the same area)).Methods Multivariable regression models were used to calculate adjusted rate of CT use status. …”
Get full text

A land-cover-assisted super-resolution model for retrospective reconstruction of MODIS-like NDVI data across the continental United States by blending Landcover300m and GIMMS NDVI3... by Zhicheng Zhang, Zhenhua Xiong, Xuewen Zhou, Kun Xiao, Wei Wu, Qinchuan Xin

“…This study introduces a novel deep learning-based model, termed the Land-Cover-assisted Super-Resolution SpatioTemporal Fusion model (LCSRSTF), designed to produce biweekly 500-meter MODIS-like data spanning from 1992 to 2010 across the Continental United States (CONUS). …”
Get full text

Exploring clinicians’ perspectives on the ‘Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury Care Bundle’ national quality improvement programme: a qualitative study by Ipek Gurol-Urganci, Nick Sevdalis, Edward Morris, Posy Bidwell, Ranee Thakar, James M Harris, Louise Silverton, Alexandra Hellyer, Robert Freeman, Vivienne Novis

“…The OASI Care Bundle quality improvement programme was introduced in 16 maternity units across England, Scotland and Wales (January 2017 to March 2018) to address increasing OASI rates.Objectives To explore clinicians’ (midwives’ and obstetricians’) perspectives of the OASI Care Bundle with respect to (1) acceptability, (2) feasibility, and (3) sustainability.Design A qualitative exploratory study using focus groups methodology.Setting A total of 16 focus groups were conducted in 16 maternity units in England, Scotland and Wales where the OASI Care Bundle was implemented. …”
Get full text

Feeding Behavior, Water Intake, and Physiological Parameters of Feedlot Lambs Fed with Diets Containing Babassu Oil Associated with Sunflower Oil Blend by Laryssa V. da Silva, Gleice Kelle S. M. Vilela, Karlyene S. da Rocha, Hactus S. Cavalcanti, Glayciane C. Gois, Francisco Naysson de S. Santos, Fleming S. Campos, Michelle de O. M. Parente, Anderson de M. Zanine, Daniele de J. Ferreira, Tobyas M. de A. Mariz, Danielle de O. Maia, Henrique N. Parente

“…Thirty-five castrated male lambs (16.6 kg ± 3.9 kg) were distributed in a randomized block design with 5 treatments (diets) and 7 replications. …”
Get full text

TransferBAN-Syn: a transfer learning-based algorithm for predicting synergistic drug combinations against echinococcosis by Haitao Li, Haitao Li, Yuanyuan Chu, Yuanyuan Chu, Liyuan Jiang, Liyuan Jiang, Lei Li, Lei Li, GuoDong Lv, Yuansheng Liu, Chunhou Zheng, Chunhou Zheng, Yansen Su, Yansen Su

“…Besides, we construct a special dataset with multi-source information and drug combinations for parasitic diseases, including 21 parasitic diseases and echinococcosis. TransferBAN-Syn is designed and initially trained on the abundant data from the 21 parasitic diseases, which serves as the source domain. …”
Get full text

Epidemiology and determinants of non-diabetic hyperglycaemia and its conversion to type 2 diabetes mellitus, 2000–2015: cohort population study using UK electronic health records by Peter Bower, Rachel Meacock, Evangelos Kontopantelis, David Reeves, Matt Sutton, Simon Heller, William Whittaker, Sarah Cotterill, Elizabeth Howarth, Claudia Soiland-Reyes, Rathi Ravindrarajah

“…Objectives To study the characteristics of UK individuals identified with non-diabetic hyperglycaemia (NDH) and their conversion rates to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from 2000 to 2015, using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.Design Cohort study.Settings UK primary Care Practices.Participants Electronic health records identified 14 272 participants with NDH, from 2000 to 2015.Primary and secondary outcome measures Baseline characteristics and conversion trends from NDH to T2DM were explored. …”
Get full text

Performance and intestinal health of piglets in the nursery phase subjected to diets with condensed black wattle (Acacia mearnsii) tannin by Kelly Lais de Souza, Cleandro Pazinato Dias, Marco Aurélio Callegari, André Friderichs, Alcides Oliver Sencio Paes, Rafael Humberto de Carvalho, Caio Abércio da Silva

“…Methods A total of 200 PIC piglets that were 22 days old and weighed 6.0±0.9 kg were subjected to four treatments in the nursery phase (22 to 64 days of age): CONTR (control diet); ENR+ZnO (control diet + 10 mg/kg of enramycin + 2,500 mg/kg of zinc oxide during the first 21 days); BUT (control diet + 900 mg/kg of sodium butyrate) and TAN (control diet + 2,000 mg/kg of condensed tannin). The experimental design was a randomized block with 4 treatments and 10 replicates, with a pen of five animals each as the experimental unit. …”
Get full text