CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS EDITION by Prof Ronit Frenkel

“… The University of Johannesburg acquired The Thinker in April 2019 f rom Dr Essop Pahad. Over the last decade, The Thinker has gained a reputation as a journal that explores Pan-Af rican issues across fields and times. …”
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Modélisation du processus de la recherche participative by Lise Renaud

“…Based on a few decades of participatory research, this text attempts to clarify three types of participatory research (action research, intervention research and partnership research). …”
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“I knew a dog once—”: Laura Richards’s Literary Animals and the Poetics of Animacy by Verena Laschinger

“…Richards’s nonsense poem “Eletelephony” (1932), however, dynamically entangles the human, the animal, and the machine, pronouncing “pleasure in the confusion of boundaries” decades before Donna Haraway’s “A Manifesto for Cyborgs” (8). …”
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Forgiving, listening, waiting: Ethics of solidarity in Kosova’s movement of civil resistance in the1990’s by Arbër Jashari

“…Kosova's non-violent movement, which ran for almost a decade, emerged upon strong moral foundations stemming from tradition and was characterized by the invocation of an ethics of solidarity. …”
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RWA algorithm based on cost of photoelectric conversion device by Daoyun HU, Zhentai YANG, Qianchun LU, Jin QI

“…Over the past decade,carrier operator implement fine-grained traffic scheduling in optical transport network(OTN) by deploying optical-electric conversion(OEO) devices on ROADM,which can improve the spectrum utilization.However,OEO device is very expensive,which will increase the CAPEX and OPEX of carrier operator.A problem about traffic scheduling and the deployment of OEO devices in OTN was proposed.Then,the ILP model of this problem was built and it was proved NP-hard.Additionally,two novel algorithms named OEO-RWA and SA-RWA were proposed.At last,these algorithms were demonstrated can not only ensure flexibility of traffic scheduling,but also can reduce the number of OEO device through simulation.…”
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Coming to Accounts: Fraud and Muckraking in Charles W. Chesnutt’s The Marrow of Tradition by Mark David Kaufman

“…In doing so, Chesnutt’s novel participates in, or prefigures, a method of journalistic “muckraking” that was soon to characterize the first decade of the twentieth century.  …”
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PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND PHARMACOLOGY OFAMLODIPINE BESYLATE A BRIEF REVIEW by Syed Furqan Ahsan et al

“…This review focuses on all the basic aspects of ADB which is one of the initial treatment regimens for cardiovascular diseases since last two decades …”
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Strike And Power(Lessness) Of The Union by Zoran Stojiljković

“…The aim of this paper is to identify, on the basis of an analysis of the causes, the course and effects of strikes in Serbia over the last three decades, the mechanisms by which society and trade unions have moved from self-management mythology to the defense of whatever wages and “decent, dignified work” as the maximum goal. …”
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From the Tourismification of a Village to the Displacement of its Population: Expressions of a Hierarchical Relationship Between the Chinese State and the Wa Ethnic Minority by Sarah Coulouma

“…This village on the periphery of the People’s Republic of China is both a locus for the expression of the expectations and representations of visitors – primarily urban Han – about this village community, and the construct of a hierarchized relationship between the Han civilisation and this ethnic minority. After more than a decade of tourism development, the recent measure to displace the village community to a “New Rural Village” in turn exemplifies what the author terms “internal primitivism”, an extreme form of Orientalism.…”
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Choose MyPlate: Drink Water Instead of Sugary Drinks by Jeanine Beatty, Karla Shelnutt, Gail Kauwell

“…The regular consumption of sugary drinks has greatly increased over the past few decades. Most adults consume about 400 calories per day as beverages, and regular soda is the number one drink. …”
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La Saga de Camelia la Texana. La mujer en el narco y en el narcocorrido by Salvador Bernabéu Albert

“…In recent decades, women have become more present in the world of drug trafficking, coping with various functions within criminal organizations, despite not achieving high positions of power, armored by a strongly male chauvinist structure. …”
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Contours of pacificism: Ramsden Balmforth's advocacy of peace in the Union of South Africa and beyond by F. Hale

“…For approximately four decades beginning shortly after his arrival in Cape Town in 1897, this Christian socialist devoted part of his time to efforts to promote peace both in southern Africa and on a broader, almost global, scale. …”
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Regulatory and Market Risk Factors and the Emissions Reduction Potential for Energy Intensive Firms by Zhengfei Guan

“…In the last decade, one of the major global environmental concerns has been greenhouse gas emissions. …”
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Memória e etnicidade no Quilombo Ilê Axé Oyá Meguê by Lucia Helena Guerra

“…As a starting point based on this reflection I have my Master's thesis in anthropology, this research is based on oral and written sources that indicate that, over the past decades, this religious group has made a great effort to break their historic barriers of isolation and silence. …”
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Regulatory and Market Risk Factors and the Emissions Reduction Potential for Energy Intensive Firms by Zhengfei Guan

“…In the last decade, one of the major global environmental concerns has been greenhouse gas emissions. …”
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Lúcio Cardoso, Maleita e Pirapora. Historicidade e cultura popular na obra de Lúcio Cardoso by Zanoni Neves

“…In the novel Maleita, Lucio Cardoso used his father's memories about the history of Pirapora (Minas Gerais) in the last decade of the nineteenth century. The town then developed with the construction of a tissue deposit owned by a company known today as Companhia de Tecidos Cedro e Cachoeira. …”
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Cidades sustentáveis e parques: reflexões teórico-conceituais by Marcos Antônio Silvestre Gomes

“…It has demonstrated that, even after two decades of the signing of Agenda 21, the term sustainable development is widelyused by public and private agents who, with different meanings and intentions, set their discourses and actions to the ideals of urban sustainability, claiming the parks as one of the elements of these practices. …”
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Vaccine oil adjuvants for the development of aquaculture by J. B. Arous, L. . Dupuis

“…The growth of aquaculture in the last decades has been supported by the development of oil adjuvanted injectable vaccines that allowed a long term protection offish and a strong reduction of the use of antibiotics. …”
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Alpine tourism by Andrea Macchiavelli

“…The spectacular increase in tourism in the Alps in recent decades has been founded mainly on the boom in skiing, resulting in both strong real estate development and an increasing array of infrastructures and ski runs. …”
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Le sarcophage de pierre du haut Moyen Âge, des critères pour une étude by Fabrice Henrion

“…Over the last two decades, the study of Early Middle Ages stone sarcophagi has taken a particular turn: the “object” itself is now worthy of consideration, not only its decoration, thus revealing the distinguishing characteristics that were often that were previously too often left aside. …”
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