The Role of Mitochondrial Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Chronic Neuroinflammation by Ekta Bajwa, Caitlin B. Pointer, Andis Klegeris

“…Mitochondrial molecules released into the extracellular space following neuronal damage or death may also play a role in these diseases by acting as signaling molecules called damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Mitochondrial DAMPs have been shown to initiate proinflammatory immune responses from nonneuronal glial cells, including microglia and astrocytes; thereby, they have the potential to contribute to the chronic neuroinflammation present in these disorders accelerating the degeneration of neurons. …”
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Extracellular vimentin is a damage-associated molecular pattern protein serving as an agonist of TLR4 in human neutrophils by Łukasz Suprewicz, Krzysztof Fiedoruk, Karol Skłodowski, Evan Hutt, Magdalena Zakrzewska, Alicja Walewska, Piotr Deptuła, Agata Lesiak, Sławomir Okła, Peter A. Galie, Alison E. Patteson, Paul A. Janmey, Robert Bucki

“…Methods Our study investigates the immunological roles of extracellular vimentin (eVim) and its citrullinated form (CitVim) as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) engaging the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) of human neutrophils. …”
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs): Two Potential Targets for COVID-19 Treatment by Sebastiano Cicco, Gerolamo Cicco, Vito Racanelli, Angelo Vacca

“…Various molecules can induce NETosis and autophagy; some potent activators are damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and, in particular, the high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). …”
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Nanoparticles containing intracellular proteins modulate neutrophil functional and phenotypic heterogeneity by Leonore Raudszus, Farbod Bahreini, Susanne Allan, Kai-Uwe Kalies, Charles C. Caldwell, Kathrin Kalies

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Intricating connections: the role of ferroptosis in systemic lupus erythematosus by Guowang Zhao, Xinghai Li, Ying Zhang, Ying Zhang, Xingzi Wang, Li Deng, Juan Xu, Shumei Jin, Zan Zuo, Zan Zuo, Linting Xun, Linting Xun, Mei Luo, Mei Luo, Fan Yang, Jialong Qi, Jialong Qi, Jialong Qi, Jialong Qi, Ping Fu

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Deubiquitinases: Novel Therapeutic Targets in Immune Surveillance? by Gloria Lopez-Castejon, Mariola J. Edelmann

“…It occurs when the immune system recognizes Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) or Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern (DAMPs) through the activation of Pattern Recognition Receptors. …”
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Multifunctional Proteins Bridge Mitosis with Motility and Cancer with Inflammation and Arthritis by Jihong Jiang, Rosaely Casalegno-Garduno, Helen Chen, Anita Schmitt, Michael Schmitt, Christopher A. Maxwell

“…In addition to directed nonclassical secretion, a number of leaderless secreted proteins have been classified as damage-associated molecular-pattern (DAMP) molecules, which are nuclear or cytoplasmic proteins that, under necrotic or apoptotic conditions, are released outside the cell and function as proinflammatory signals. …”
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Improving ferroptosis-mediated immunotherapy for colorectal cancer through lysosome-targeted photodynamic therapy by Zhian Chen, Yutong Wang, Zhenhao Li, Meijuan Chen, Yingshi Li, Chuyue Lu, Zhenyu Lin, Hua Zheng, Lujia Chen, Qianbing Zhang

“…Subsequently, the cancer cells were suffered from ferroptosis through triggering cell-intrinsic Fenton chemistry and mitochondrial dysfunction, which would release damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) to induce immunogenic cell death and remodel immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. …”
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Analysis of Inflammatory Mediator Profiles in Sepsis Patients Reveals That Extracellular Histones Are Strongly Elevated in Nonsurvivors by Tanja Eichhorn, Ingrid Linsberger, Lucia Lauková, Carla Tripisciano, Birgit Fendl, René Weiss, Franz König, Gerhard Valicek, Georg Miestinger, Christoph Hörmann, Viktoria Weber

“…The elevation and correlation of damage-associated molecular patterns and markers of endothelial activation gave evidence of severe tissue damage. …”
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TLR2 and TLR4 in the Brain Injury Caused by Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion by Ying Wang, Pengfei Ge, Yuhong Zhu

“…Toll-like receptors are a type of transmembrane proteins, which can recognize either exogenous pathogen-associated molecular patterns or endogenous stress or damage-associated molecular patterns in the innate immune system and initiate inflammatory responses. …”
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Programmed Cell Death Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Fangyuan Yang, Yi He, Zeqing Zhai, Erwei Sun

“…Different forms of lytic cell death, including secondary necrosis after apoptosis, NETosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, contribute to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and autoantigens, resulting in triggering immunity and tissue damage in SLE. …”
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Holding the Inflammatory System in Check: TLRs and Their Targeted Therapy in Asthma by Zhiyong Dong, Lingxin Xiong, Weijie Zhang, Peter G. Gibson, Ting Wang, Yanjiao Lu, Guoqiang Wang, Hui Li, Fang Wang

“…TLRs are the primary proteins associated with the innate and adaptive immune responses to these fatal factors and play an important role in recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which initiates the downstream immune response. …”
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On the Significance of New Biochemical Markers for the Diagnosis of Premature Labour by Rafał Rzepka, Barbara Dołęgowska, Aleksandra Rajewska, Sebastian Kwiatkowski

“…This paper presents a literature review on the damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), negative soluble isoforms of RAGE, chemokine-stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and one of the adipokines, resistin, in the pathogenesis of preterm labour. …”
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Inflammasomes in neurodegenerative diseases by Qianchen Wang, Songwei Yang, Xuan Zhang, Shanshan Zhang, Liping Chen, Wanxue Wang, Naihong Chen, Jiaqing Yan

“…These are known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or host-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). In neurodegenerative diseases and neuroinflammation, the accumulation of misfolded proteins, such as beta-amyloid and alpha-synuclein, can lead to inflammasome activation, resulting in the release of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. …”
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Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma by Joao N. Duarte

“…Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction have been linked to Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy and autosomal dominant optic atrophy, as well as to brain neurodegenerative diseases. …”
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The Role of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling in the Progression of Heart Failure by Lili Yu, Zhiwei Feng

“…Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which belong to PRRs, are subjected to the release of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to generate innate immune responses. …”
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Toll-Like Receptors in Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion and Transplantation by John Evankovich, Timothy Billiar, Allan Tsung

“…These substrates include pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) for the recognition of invading pathogens, as well as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) for the recognition of endogenous tissue injury. …”
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Heat Shock Proteins in Tendinopathy: Novel Molecular Regulators by Neal L. Millar, George A. C. Murrell

“…Heat shock proteins, also called damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), are rapidly released following nonprogrammed cell death, are key effectors of the innate immune system, and critically restore homeostasis by promoting the reconstruction of the effected tissue. …”
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Research Progress on the Role of Inflammasomes in Kidney Disease by Kun Chi, Xiaodong Geng, Chao Liu, GuangYan Cai, Quan Hong

“…Inflammasomes are assembled by sensing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and initiate inflammatory responses by activating caspase-1. …”
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Nuclear Alarmin Cytokines in Inflammation by Lili Jiang, Yijia Shao, Yao Tian, Changsheng Ouyang, Xiaohua Wang

“…These endogenous proteins were named damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or alarmins. Indeed, alarmins can also play a beneficial role in the tissue repair in certain environments. …”
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