A New Hope in Immunotherapy for Malignant Gliomas: Adoptive T Cell Transfer Therapy by Dong-Sup Chung, Hye-Jin Shin, Yong-Kil Hong

“…Immunotherapy emerged as a promising therapeutic approach to highly incurable malignant gliomas due to tumor-specific cytotoxicity, minimal side effect, and a durable antitumor effect by memory T cells. …”
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HOXB8 mediates resistance to cetuximab in colorectal cancer cells through activation of the STAT3 pathway by Yunan Liang, Han Lin, Zongsheng Jiang, Qi Zhao, Ri Cui, Shaotang Li

“…By comparing drug-sensitive cell lines (SW48) with drug-resistant cell lines (HCT116, CACO2), we discovered that HOXB8 was substantially expressed in cetuximab-resistant cell lines, and furthermore, in drug-resistant cell lines (HCT116, CACO2), HOXB8 knockdown increased the cytotoxicity of cetuximab via blocking the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. …”
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A screening setup to streamline in vitro engineered living material cultures with the host by Krupansh Desai, Shrikrishnan Sankaran, Aránzazu del Campo, Sara Trujillo

“…After screening, an appropriate medium was selected that sustained growth of an ELM, and it was used to study cytocompatibility in vitro. ELM cytotoxicity on murine fibroblasts and human monocytes was studied by adding ELM supernatants and measuring cell membrane integrity and live/dead staining, respectively, proving ELM cytocompatibility. …”
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Pharmacokinetic studies and anticancer activity of curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers by Wang Fengling, Chen Jin, Dai Wenting, He Zhengmin, Zhai Dandan, Chen Weidong

“…In addition, the anticancer activity of Cur-NLC against human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells was verified by a cellular uptake study, and a cytotoxicity and apoptosis assay. Bioavailability of Cur-NLC was better than that of native curcumin (p > 0.01), as seen from the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), mean residence time (MRT) and total plasma clearance (CLz/F). …”
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Evaluation of Possible Genotoxic Activity of Dirithromycin in Cultured Human Lymphocytes by Ahmet Kayraldız, Lale Dönbak, Ayşe Yavuz Kocaman, Esra Köker, Şule Gökçe

“…In the present study, the possible genotoxicity of dirithromycin was evaluated in cultured human lymphocytes by using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), chromosome aberration (CA), and micronucleus (MN) tests and also cell proliferation kinetics such as mitotic index (MI), replication index (RI), and nuclear division index (NDI) were analyzed for cytotoxicity. Cell cultures were treated with four different concentrations of dirithromycin (37.75, 67.50, 125, and 250 µg/mL) for 24 and 48 h periods. …”
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Loading of CAR‐T cells with magnetic nanoparticles for controlled targeting suppresses inflammatory cytokine release and switches tumor cell death mechanism by Felix Pfister, Lucas R. Carnell, Lisa Löffler, Philipp Boosz, Niels Schaft, Jan Dörrie, René Stein, Malte Lenz, Erdmann Spiecker, Christian M. Huber, Sami Haddadin, Carola Berking, Christoph Alexiou, Christina Janko

“…These results demonstrate that lytic cytotoxicity is retained after SPION‐functionalization and provides a basis for future site‐specific immunotherapies against solid tumors with reduced systemic adverse side effects.…”
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Natrium Alginate and Graphene Nanoplatelets-Based Efficient Material for Resveratrol Delivery by Cristina Mormile, Ocsana Opriș, Stefano Bellucci, Ildiko Lung, Irina Kacso, Alexandru Turza, Adina Stegarescu, Septimiu Tripon, Maria-Loredana Soran, Ioana Bâldea

“…Kinetic analysis revealed that the Higuchi model best describes the release mechanism. Finally, cytotoxicity tests showed the biocompatibility of the system in normal human cells. …”
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Synthesis, Molecular Docking Studies, and Antifungal Activity Evaluation of New Benzimidazole-Triazoles as Potential Lanosterol 14α-Demethylase Inhibitors by Nafiz Öncü Can, Ulviye Acar Çevik, Begüm Nurpelin Sağlık, Serkan Levent, Büşra Korkut, Yusuf Özkay, Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı, Ali Savaş Koparal

“…Compounds 5i and 5s exhibited significant inhibitory activity against Candida strains with MIC50 values ranging from 0.78 to 1.56 μg/mL. Cytotoxicity results revealed that IC50 values of compounds 5i and 5s against NIH/3T3 are significantly higher than their MIC50 values. …”
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C9ORF72 poly-PR induces TDP-43 nuclear condensation via NEAT1 and is modulated by HSP70 activity by Diksha Agnihotri, Chi-Chang Lee, Po-Chao Lu, Ruei-Yu He, Yung-An Huang, Hung-Chih Kuo, Joseph Jen-Tse Huang

“…This phenomenon is accompanied with TDP-43 mislocalization and increasing cytotoxicity. Our study demonstrates the role of NEAT1 and HSP70 in the aberrant phase transition of TDP-43 NCs under poly-PR stress.…”
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Preclinical assessment of splicing modulation therapy for ABCA4 variant c.768G>T in Stargardt disease by Dyah W. Karjosukarso, Femke Bukkems, Lonneke Duijkers, Tomasz Z. Tomkiewicz, Julia Kiefmann, Andrei Sarlea, Sander Bervoets, Irene Vázquez-Domínguez, Laurie L. Molday, Robert S. Molday, Mihai G. Netea, Carel B. Hoyng, Alejandro Garanto, Rob W. J. Collin

“…No major safety concerns regarding off-targets, immunostimulation and toxicity are observed in transcriptomics analysis, cytokine stimulation assays in human primary immune cells, and cytotoxicity assays. Conclusions Additional optimization and in vivo studies will be performed to further investigate the lead candidate. …”
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Random antimicrobial peptide mixtures as non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents for cultured meat industry by Idan Yakir, Einav Cohen, Sharon Schlesinger, Zvi Hayouka

“…RPMs displayed strong bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria, achieving a 6-log reduction of L. monocytogenes in cell culture medium without any cytotoxicity. Additionally, RPMs showed a low occurrence of resistance development with no significant resistance developed in compared with a combination of penicillin and streptomycin. …”
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Effects of <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> and Alkylamides on Respiratory Virus Replication and IL-8 Expression In Vitro by Keely Puchalski, Johanne A. Gerstel, Abiola Jimoh, Yalda Shokoohinia, Jeffrey Langland

“…The broad activity and low cytotoxicity of this specific alkylamide support its potential use for treating rhinovirus and influenza virus infections.…”
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Photothermal-enhanced silver nanocluster bioactive glass hydrogels for synergistic antimicrobial and promote wound healing by Fuqiang Song, Anqi Ye, Linyuan Jiang, Yang Lu, Yanzhen Feng, Rong Huang, Siting Du, Xiaoyu Dong, Ting Huang, Ping Li, Liangliang Yang, Jinjing Zhang, Mengjia Xu, Li Cheng, Jian Xiao

“…Nevertheless, excessive antibiotics induce resistance, and high metal ion levels cause cytotoxicity, complicating healing. Here, we introduce a hydrogel incorporating polydopamine-coated bioactive glass (BGs@PDA) on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with photothermal therapy (PTT) and silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) for synergistic antibacterial treatment. …”
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Antihuman Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Activity of Rare Earth Metal Complexes of 4-Hydroxycoumarins in Cell Culture by Ilia Manolov, Sevda Raleva, Petya Genova, Alexey Savov, Liliana Froloshka, Daniela Dundarova, Radka Argirova

“…The cerium Ce(III), lanthanum La(III), and neodymium Nd(III) complexes with 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one (warfarin) (W) and 3,3′-benzylidenebis[4-hydroxycoumarin] (1) were synthesized and studied for the first time for cytotoxicity (on MT-2 cells) and as anti-HIV agents under acute and chronic infection. …”
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Nanoengineering of Phosphate/Phosphonate Drugs via Competitive Replacement with Metal‐Phenolic Networks to Overcome Breast Tumor with Lung and Bone Metastasis by Wanrui Shi, Dashuai Liu, Wenjie Feng, Yang Chen, Yonggang Wang, Zhihong Nie, Yi Liu, Hao Zhang

“…The results demonstrate that, by triggering pyroptosis and activating the cGAS‐STING pathway, the nanodrugs exhibit potent cytotoxicity and accurate selectivity in eradicating orthotopic breast tumors, and activate an antitumor immune response against lung and bone metastases. …”
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Assessment of access and outcomes of kidney transplantation through the reforms of the Swiss organ allocation system by Massimiliano Bertacchi, Sylvie Ferrari-Lacraz, Jakob Nilsson, Agim Thaqi, Yvan Schmutz, Caroline Wehmeier, Thomas Schachtner, Thomas Mueller, Dela Golshayan, Julien Vionnet, Stefan Schaub, Fadi Haidar, Isabelle Binet, Jutta Thierbach, Urs Wirthmueller, Daniel Sidler, Franz Immer, Jean Villard

“…Initially based on waiting time, HLA compatibility, and crossmatch performed by cell complement-dependent cytotoxicity techniques, the system moved in 2012 to a score including HLA compatibility, waiting time, anti-HLA antibodies detected by the Luminex® technology, and a virtual crossmatch. …”
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Syzygium malaccense leaf extract-mediated silver nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and biomedical evaluation in Caenorhabditis elegans and lung cancer cell line by Santosh Mallikarjun Bhavi, Bothe Thokchom, Sapam Riches Singh, Sukesh Kumar Bajire, Rajesh P. Shastry, B. S. Srinath, Shivanand S. Bhat, Kotresha Dupadahalli, Chandramohan Govindasamy, Swati Ravi Chalekar, B. P. Harini, Ramesh Babu Yarajarla

“…Anticancer assays showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity against A549 cancer cells (LC50: 7.62 μg mL−1) with minimal effects on L-132 normal cells (LC50: 73.55 μg mL−1), highlighting selectivity. …”
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Microfluidic 3D cell culture: potential application of collagen hydrogels with an optimal dose of bioactive glasses by Faezeh Ghobadi, Maryam Saadatmand, Sara Simorgh, Peiman Brouki Milan

“…The structure of the collagen-BGNs hydrogels was examined using SEM, and their mechanical properties were determined using rheological analysis. The cytotoxicity of BGNs was assessed using the MTT assay, and the viability of fibroblast (L929) cells encapsulated in the collagen-BGNs hydrogel inside the microfluidic device was assessed using a live/dead assay. …”
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Essential oil and furanosesquiterpenes from myrrh oleo-gum resin: a breakthrough in mosquito vector management by Eleonora Spinozzi, Marta Ferrati, Cecilia Baldassarri, Paolo Rossi, Guido Favia, Giorgio Cameli, Giovanni Benelli, Angelo Canale, Livia De Fazi, Roman Pavela, Luana Quassinti, Cristiano Giordani, Fabrizio Araniti, Loredana Cappellacci, Riccardo Petrelli, Filippo Maggi

“…The EO non-target toxicity on Daphnia magna Straus (LC50 = 4.51 μL/L) and its cytotoxicity on a human kidney cell line (HEK293) (IC50 of 14.38 μg/mL) were also assessed. …”
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Expression and Function of Granzymes A and B in Escherichia coli Peritonitis and Sepsis by M. Isabel García-Laorden, Ingrid Stroo, Sanne Terpstra, Sandrine Florquin, Jan Paul Medema, Cornelis van´t Veer, Alex F. de Vos, Tom van der Poll

“…Granzymes (gzms) are serine proteases traditionally implicated in cytotoxicity and, more recently, in the inflammatory response. …”
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