Nuclear-Targeting Delivery of CRISPRa System for Upregulation of β-Defensin against Virus Infection by Dexamethasone and Phenylalanine Dual-Modified Dendrimer by Mingxiang Zuo, Xiaoxia Li, Shuang Liu, Bin Chen, Du Cheng

“…DET and Phe moieties synergistically enhanced the transfection efficiency and reduced cytotoxicity of dendrimers. Combination of three sgRNAs targeting β-defensin gene demonstrated higher activation efficacy of β-defensin than any single sgRNA and combinations of any two sgRNAs, showing an efficient inhibition of virus infection and replication. …”
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Opportunities and challenges of bacterial extracellular vesicles in regenerative medicine by Jiming Guo, Zhijie Huang, Qinjing Wang, Min Wang, Yue Ming, Weixing Chen, Yisheng Huang, Zhengming Tang, Mingshu Huang, Hongyu Liu, Bo Jia

“…They possess stability, low immunogenicity, and non-cytotoxicity, exhibiting extensive prospects in regenerative medicine (RM). …”
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Immunomodulatory Effects Mediated by Dopamine by Rodrigo Arreola, Samantha Alvarez-Herrera, Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez, Enrique Becerril-Villanueva, Carlos Cruz-Fuentes, Enrique Octavio Flores-Gutierrez, María Eugenia Garcés-Alvarez, Dora Luz de la Cruz-Aguilera, Emilio Medina-Rivero, Gabriela Hurtado-Alvarado, Saray Quintero-Fabián, Lenin Pavón

“…According to the leukocyte lineage, the effects of DA are associated with such processes as respiratory burst, cytokine and antibody secretion, chemotaxis, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity. In clinical conditions such as schizophrenia, Parkinson disease, Tourette syndrome, and multiple sclerosis (MS), there are evident alterations during immune responses in leukocytes, in which changes in DA receptor density have been observed. …”
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Immunomodulatory effects of fucoidan extracted from Sargassum fusiforme in RAW 264.7 macrophages by Serim Park, Yunjin Choi, Seonmi Ji, Seonghui Kim, Seon Yeong Ji, Yung Hyun Choi, You-Jin Jeon, Bomi Ryu, Jun-Geon Je, Suengmok Cho

“…SFF significantly increased nitric oxide (NO) production and phagocytic activity at 25–100 μg/mL concentrations, without exhibiting cytotoxicity. RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with SFF adopted a spindle shape with elongated pseudopodia, indicating an activated state. …”
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Colony-Forming and Cell Viability Assay to Assess Nanotoxicity of Maleic Acid and N-vinyl Caprolactam-Based Nanoarchitectures by Bekar Buse, Akar Burcu, Akan Handan Sevim, Can Hatice Kaplan

“…This study evaluates the anticancer effects of poly(maleic anhydride-alt-N-vinyl caprolactam) [poly(MA-alt-VCL)]-Org-MMT nanocomposites synthesized with varying clay concentrations. The cytotoxicity of Org-MMT, poly(MA-alt-VCL), and their nanocomposites were tested on HeLa (cervical carcinoma), A549 (lung cancer), and HDF (human dermal fibroblast) cells using MTT and colony formation assays. …”
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Acquisition of Fc-afucosylation of PfEMP1-specific IgG is age-dependent and associated with clinical protection against malaria by Mary Lopez-Perez, Zakaria Seidu, Mads Delbo Larsen, Wenjun Wang, Jan Nouta, Manfred Wuhrer, Gestur Vidarsson, Michael F. Ofori, Lars Hviid

“…A similar association was found for children having PfEMP1-specific IgG1 inducing multiple effector functions against IEs, particularly those associated with antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by NK cells. Our findings provide new insights regarding protective immunity to P. falciparum malaria and highlight the importance of cell-mediated destruction of IgG-opsonized IEs.…”
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Highly effective treatment of bacterial infection-accompanied wounds by fat extract-embedded phototherapeutic hydrogel by Haonan Wang, Yingnan Xiao, Deli Zhuge, Genghe Shi, Chengping Liu, Hui Liang, Jing Wu, Yunxuan Huang, Yilin Xie, Chunnan Hu, Jiafeng Xie, Xinyi Wang, Yao Yao, Fang Wang, Xufei Zhang, Chengke Huang, Yingzheng Zhao, Weiyang Meng, Yijie Chen, Mengchun Chen

“…After local administration to sites of MRSA infection, the superstructure effectively neutralizes high levels of MRSA toxins to protect against toxin-mediated cytotoxicity through loaded, which can also be leveraged to enhance anti-MRSA efficacy via toxin-regulated on-demand phototherapy upon near-infrared irradiation. …”
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Single and combined effects of dimethoate and malathion on oxidative stress biomarkers in the non-target freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha by Serdar Osman, Yildirim Numan, Yildirim Nuran Cikcikoglu

“…According to the results, the cytotoxicity of DI and MA combination depended on their concentrations. …”
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Polystyrene Nanoplastics Elicit Multiple Responses in Immune Cells of the <i>Eisenia fetida</i> (<i>Savigny</i>, 1826) by Huijian Shi, Yaoyue Wang, Xiangxiang Li, Xiaoyang Wang, Yuntao Qi, Shaoyang Hu, Rutao Liu

“…Results showed that 100 nm NPs were internalized into the cells, causing cytotoxicity. NPs were observed to inhibit cell viability by increasing reactive oxygen species, decreasing the levels of antioxidants (e.g., superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione), and inducing lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation. …”
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Immunotherapy in colorectal cancer: Statuses and strategies by Yuan Li, Zewei Cheng, Shengli Li, Jiwei Zhang

“…However, these treatments frequently result in significant side effects due to their non-specificity and cytotoxicity affecting all cells. Moreover, a considerable number of patients face relapses following these treatments. …”
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NMR, Novel Pharmacological and In Silico Docking Studies of Oxyacanthine and Tetrandrine: Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloids Isolated from Berberis glaucocarpa Roots by Muhammad Alamzeb, Muhammad Omer, Mamoon Ur-Rashid, Muslim Raza, Saqib Ali, Behramand Khan, Asad Ullah

“…Both compounds 1 and 2 have minimal cytotoxicity against THP-1 monocytic cells.…”
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Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha: A Link between Neuroinflammation and Excitotoxicity by Gabriel Olmos, Jerònia Lladó

“…In addition, TNF-α can potentiate glutamate-mediated cytotoxicity by two complementary mechanisms: indirectly, by inhibiting glutamate transport on astrocytes, and directly, by rapidly triggering the surface expression of Ca+2 permeable-AMPA receptors and NMDA receptors, while decreasing inhibitory GABAA receptors on neurons. …”
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Overcoming CD226-related immune evasion in acute myeloid leukemia with CD38 CAR-engineered NK cells by Luciana Melo Garcia, Achintyan Gangadharan, Pinaki Banerjee, Ye Li, Andy G.X. Zeng, Hind Rafei, Paul Lin, Bijender Kumar, Sunil Acharya, May Daher, Luis Muniz-Feliciano, Gary M. Deyter, Gabriel Dominguez, Jeong Min Park, Francia Reyes Silva, Ana Karen Nunez Cortes, Rafet Basar, Nadima Uprety, Mayra Shanley, Mecit Kaplan, Enli Liu, Elizabeth J. Shpall, Katayoun Rezvani

“…Summary: CD226 plays a vital role in natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, interacting with its ligands CD112 and CD155 to initiate immune synapse formation, primarily through leukocyte function-associated-1 (LFA-1). …”
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Single-cell transcriptomics unveils multifaceted immune heterogeneity in early-onset versus late-onset cervical cancer by Qian Chen, Dongfeng Deng, Hong Zhu, Shan Li

“…CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in LOCC demonstrated a heightened activation state, while NK cells exhibited diminished cytotoxicity. Macrophages in LOCC displayed enhanced polarization towards both M1 and M2 phenotypes, along with dendritic cells showing augmented antigen-presenting capacity. …”
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Trace elements‐based Auroshell gold@hematite nanostructure: Green synthesis and their hyperthermia therapy by Hadil M. Alahdal, Sumya Ayad Abdullrezzaq, Hawraz Ibrahim M. Amin, Sitah F. Alanazi, Abduladheem Turki Jalil, Mehrdad Khatami, Marwan Mahmood Saleh

“…Auroshell gold@hematite nanoparticles were synthesised and characterised with rosemary extract in one step and the green synthesised nanoparticles were characterised by X‐ray powder diffraction, SEM, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Cytotoxicity of Auroshell iron@gold nanoparticles against normal HUVEC cells and glioblastoma cancer cells was evaluated by 2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide method, water bath hyperthermia, and combined method of water bath hyperthermia and nano‐therapy. …”
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A narrative review on inhibitory effects of edible mushrooms against malaria and tuberculosis-the world’s deadliest diseases by Ashaimaa Y. Moussa, Baojun Xu

“…A thorough search was conducted on basidiomycetes to discuss the chemistry and biology of the isolated compounds, structure activity relationships (SAR) as well as the cytotoxicity profiles of, primarily, the active anti-plasmodial and antitubercular molecules. …”
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In vitro characterization of beta-cyclodextrin liposomal formulation of cisplatin nanomedicine by Panijapatr Wasubhadtanasaka

“…The study confirmed that the above formulation had the highest cytotoxicity against HeLa cells, with significantly lower IC50 and IC90 values than cisplatin alone. …”
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Crosslinked Decellularized Porcine Pericardium as a Substrate for Conjunctival Reconstruction by Fangyuan Chen, Jingyue Deng, Lishi Luo, Ying Zhu, Yuying Dong, Yuanting Yang, Rijia Zhang, Jian Chen, Qing Zhou

“…In vitro DPP showed lower apoptosis, highly desirable, well preservation of extracellular matrix components, and favorable macro-microstructure, which was confirmed by histology, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, collagen and DNA quantification, and cytotoxicity assay, compared to the native porcine pericardium (NPP). …”
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Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Cytoprotective Activity of Agathi Leaf Protein by A. S. Zarena, Shubha Gopal, R. Vineeth

“…The safety assessment showed that ALP does not induce cytotoxicity towards human lymphocyte at the tested concentration of 0.8 mg/mL.…”
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Dendrimers as Carriers for siRNA Delivery and Gene Silencing: A Review by Jiangyu Wu, Weizhe Huang, Ziying He

“…In this review, the development of dendrimer-based siRNA delivery vectors is summarized, focusing on the vector features (siRNA delivery efficiency, cytotoxicity, etc.) of different types of dendrimers and the related investigations on structure-activity relationship to promote safe and efficient siRNA delivery system.…”
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