Integrative computational analysis of anti-influenza potential in Caesalpinia mimosoides Lamk hydroethanolic extract by Anuwatchakij Klamrak, Shaikh Shahinur Rahman, Napapuch Nopkuesuk, Jaran Nabnueangsap, Jaraspim Narkpuk, Piyapon Janpan, Yutthakan Saengkun, Thananya Soonkum, Supawadee Sriburin, Samaporn Teeravechyan, Poramet Sitthiwong, Nisachon Jangpromma, Sirinan Kulchat, Kiattawee Choowongkomon, Rina Patramanon, Arunrat Chaveerach, Jureerut Daduang, Sakda Daduang

“…The polyphenol-rich extract showed strong anti-influenza activity, with an IC50 of 2.33 µg/mL against the influenza A/PR/8/34 virus and no cytotoxic effects, as indicated by a CC50 greater than 50 µg/mL. …”
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Impact of co-infections and immune responses on clinical severity of human adenovirus 3 and 7 infections in hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infections: a compara... by Xiaolin Ma, Yuting Wu, Ri De, Hailan Yao, Feng He, Yi Wang, Wei Wang, Chao Yan, Qinwei Song, Chunjie Guo, Li Wen, Linqing Zhao, Ling Cao, Chunmei Zhu

“…Immune cell analysis indicated that HAdV-7 infections led to a more pronounced decrease in CD3+ T cells (1596.8 vs 2444.8 cells/𝛍l, p=0.042), CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (668.6 vs 774.0 cells/µl, p=0.045), and increased NK cell percentages (11.5% vs 9.0%, p=0.044) compared to HAdV-3 infections.ConclusionsHospitalized children with HAdV-7-associated LRTIs exhibit greater severity, multiple infections, and significant potential for greater cellular immune dysregulation compared to those with HAdV-3 infection, indicating a more severe clinical course and distinct pathogenic profiles.…”
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Sitravatinib in combination with nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a phase 1 trial by Pavlos Msaouel, Kai Yu, Ying Yuan, Jianfeng Chen, Xinmiao Yan, Menuka Karki, Fei Duan, Rahul A. Sheth, Priya Rao, Kanishka Sircar, Amishi Y. Shah, Amado J. Zurita, Giannicola Genovese, Min Li, Chih-Chen Yeh, Minghao Dang, Guangchun Han, Yanshuo Chu, Max Hallin, Peter Olson, Rui Yang, Daniela Slavin, Hirak Der-Torossian, Curtis D. Chin, Nizar M. Tannir, Linghua Wang, Jianjun Gao

“…Treatment resistance was characterized by a transition from cytotoxic to exhausted T cell state and enrichment for M2-like myeloid cells. …”
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Phase II study of concomitant radiotherapy with atezolizumab in oligometastatic soft tissue sarcomas: STEREOSARC trial protocol by Nicolas Penel, Dominique Vaur, Juliette Thariat, Alexandre Escande, Jennifer le Guevelou, Colin Debaigt, Esma Saada-Bouzid, Julien Viotti, Nazim Khalladi, David Thibouw, Marie Pierre Sunyach, Laurence Moureau-Zabotto, Mohamed Benchalal, Ovidiu Veresezan, Anne Ducassou, Cecile le Pechoux, Maria Jolnerovski, Celine Bazille, Raphael Serre, Christine Lovera

“…Introduction Up to 50% of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) patients develop metastases in the course of their disease. Cytotoxic therapy is a standard treatment in this setting but yields average tumour response rates of 25% at first line and ≤10% at later lines. …”
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Modeling and correction of protein conformational disease in iPSC-derived neurons through personalized base editing by Colin T. Konishi, Nancy Mulaiese, Tanvi Butola, Qinkun Zhang, Dana Kagan, Qiaoyan Yang, Mariel Pressler, Brooke G. Dirvin, Orrin Devinsky, Jayeeta Basu, Chengzu Long

“…Mutations in SERPINI1, the gene encoding neuroserpin, can alter protein conformation resulting in cytotoxic aggregation leading to neuronal death. Familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies (FENIB) is a rare autosomal dominant progressive myoclonic epilepsy that progresses to dementia and premature death. …”
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Phase I study of pembrolizumab in combination with ibrutinib for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma by Yuan Yao, Yiyi Yan, Vera J. Suman, Allan B. Dietz, Courtney L. Erskine, Anastasios Dimou, Svetomir N. Markovic, Svetomir N. Markovic, Robert R. McWilliams, Heather N. Montane, Matthew S. Block, Matthew S. Block

“…One key mechanism for ICI resistance is the skewing of the immune response from a cytotoxic (Th1) to a chronic inflammatory (Th2) profile. …”
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Green and Innovative Extraction: Phenolic Profiles and Biological Activities of Underutilized Plant Extracts Using Pulsed Electric Fields and Maceration by Noelia Pallarés, Houda Berrada, Emilia Ferrer, Wahiba Rached, José Pinela, Filipa Mandim, Tania C. S. P. Pires, Tiane C. Finimundy, Francisco J. Barba, Lillian Barros

“…Phenolic compound profiles and biological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects, were evaluated. The results demonstrated that for <i>R. chalepensis</i>, PEF extraction achieved comparable phenolic content (58 mg/g) to MAC (72 mg/g). …”
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Vectorized Treg-depleting αCTLA-4 elicits antigen cross-presentation and CD8+ T cell immunity to reject ‘cold’ tumors by Laetitia Fend, Eric Quemeneur, Monika Semmrich, Jean-Baptiste Marchand, Matilda Rehn, Nathalie Silvestre, Linda Mårtensson, Johann Foloppe, Ingrid Teige, Björn Frendeus, Petra Holmkvist, Carolin Svensson, Christelle Remy, Patricia Kleinpeter, Jules Deforges, Fred Junghus, Kirstie L Cleary, Mimoza Bodén

“…Still, a majority of patients with cancer including those with poorly immune infiltrated ‘cold’ tumors are resistant to currently available ICB therapies. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is one of few clinically validated targets for ICB, but toxicities linked to efficacy in approved αCTLA-4 regimens have restricted their use and precluded full therapeutic dosing. …”
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NALCN expression is down-regulated and associated with immune infiltration in gastric cancer by Xuewei Li, Xuewei Li, Na Wu, Chen Wang, Beibei Pei, Xiaoyan Ma, Jun Xie, Jun Xie, Wenhui Yang

“…Analysis of the TCGA database indicated a positive correlation between NALCN expression and the infiltration of B cells, cytotoxic cells, immature dendritic cells (iDC) cells, CD8+ T cells, and others in GC tissue. …”
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Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the immune microenvironment in gastric cancer as determined by multiplex immunofluorescence and T cell receptor repertoire analysis by Jian Zhang, Xiaomei Li, Ying Hu, Bin Dong, Yongning Jia, Ziyu Li, Xiaojing Cheng, Jinyao Shi, Jiafu Ji, Zhongwu Li, Hong Du, Ting Guo, Shuqin Jia, Xiaofang Xing, Yunsheng Dou

“…Pre-NAC FOXP3+ T reg cells level was much richer in the response group and decreased more significantly in the stromal compartment. CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes levels were elevated after chemotherapy, which was more significant in the group treated with XELOX regimen and in patients with better response, consistent with the TCR diversity elevation.Conclusions These findings have deepened our understanding of the immune modulating effect of chemotherapy and suggest that the immune profile of specimens after standard chemotherapy should be considered for the personalized immunotherapy to ultimately improve clinical outcome in patients with GC.…”
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The expression of BHLHE22 in endometrial carcinoma: Associations with mismatch repair protein expression status, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, programmed death-ligand 1 and clin... by Lin-Yu Chen, Hsing-Yu Chen, Hung-Cheng Lai, Shiou-Fu Lin, Kuo-Chang Wen, Darmawi, Phui-Ly Liew

“…Conclusion: Increased numbers of CD8-positive cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CD68-positive macrophages, and PD-L1-positive tumor/immune cells were observed in MMR-deficient EC. …”
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IL-23 tunes inflammatory functions of human mucosal-associated invariant T cells by Laetitia Camard, Tharshana Stephen, Hanane Yahia-Cherbal, Vincent Guillemot, Sébastien Mella, Victoire Baillet, Hélène Lopez-Maestre, Daniele Capocefalo, Laura Cantini, Claire Leloup, Julie Marsande, Katherine Garro, Juan Sienes Bailo, Ambre Dangien, Natalia Pietrosemoli, Milena Hasan, Huimeng Wang, Sidonia B.G. Eckle, Anne M. Fourie, Carrie Greving, Barbara Joyce-Shaikh, Raphaelle Parker, Daniel J. Cua, Elisabetta Bianchi, Lars Rogge

“…IL-23, in particular, affects key molecules and pathways related to autoimmunity and cytotoxic functions. Integrated analysis of transcriptomes and chromatin accessibility, supported by CRISPR-Cas9 mediated deletion, shows that AP-1 transcription factors constitute a key regulatory node of the IL-23 pathway in MAIT cells. …”
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A pan-immune panorama of bacterial pneumonia revealed by a large-scale single-cell transcriptome atlas by Kun Xiao, Yan Cao, Zhihai Han, Yuxiang Zhang, Laurence Don Wai Luu, Liang Chen, Peng Yan, Wei Chen, Jiaxing Wang, Ying Liang, Xin Shi, Xiuli Wang, Fan Wang, Ye Hu, Zhengjun Wen, Yong Chen, Yuwei Yang, Haotian Yu, Lixin Xie, Yi Wang

“…Although both disease groups display T cell exhaustion, mild cases maintained robust cytotoxic CD8+T cell function, potentially reflecting a compensatory mechanism. …”
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PPARα suppresses growth of hepatocellular carcinoma in a high-fat diet context by reducing neutrophil extracellular trap release by Banglun Pan, Zhu Zhang, Dongjie Ye, Xiaoxia Zhang, Yuxin Yao, Yue Luo, Haijie Hong, Xinran Cai, Yanling Chen, Nanhong Tang

“…Moreover, the release of NETs within HCC tissues effectively isolated cytotoxic leukocytes in the outer regions of HCC. Conclusions: Our study not only provides insight into the relationship between lipid metabolism disorders and NETs’ tumor-promoting function, but also provides an important strategic reference for multi-target or combined immunotherapy of HCC. …”
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L-glutaminase synthesis by Klebsiella pneumoniae (AS KP 23) isolated from clinical strain, and its efficacy against human hepatocellular and breast cancer cell lines by Lina J. Abdel-Hafez, Eman Y. T. Elariny, Asmaa E. Ibrahim, Mahmoud E. F. Abdel-Haliem

“…L-glutaminase was purified 1.33-fold with a final specific activity of 799.9 U/mg protein using gel filtration chromatography. The enzyme´s cytotoxic activity showed severe toxicity against the HepG-2 human hepatocellular and breast cancer cell lines. …”
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The Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Antimelanoma Immunity Depend on the Timing of Their Administration by Dragana Miloradovic, Dragica Miloradovic, Bojana Simovic Markovic, Aleksandar Acovic, Carl Randall Harrell, Valentin Djonov, Nebojsa Arsenijevic, Vladislav Volarevic

“…Significantly higher plasma levels of antitumorigenic cytokines (TNF-α and IFN-γ), remarkably lower plasma levels of immunosuppressive cytokines (TGF-β and IL-10), and a significantly higher number of tumor-infiltrating, IFN-γ-producing, FasL- and granzyme B-expressing NK cells, IL-17-producing CD4+Th17 cells, IFN-γ- and TNF-α-producing CD4+Th1 cells, and CD8+cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were observed in B16F10+MSC1d-treated mice. …”
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Bioactive Molecules from the Invasive Blue Crab <i>Callinectes sapidus</i> Exoskeleton: Evaluation of Reducing, Radical Scavenging, and Antitumor Activities by Francesco Longo, Alessandro Attanzio, Laura Marretta, Claudio Luparello, Serena Indelicato, David Bongiorno, Giampaolo Barone, Luisa Tesoriere, Ilenia Concetta Giardina, Giulia Abruscato, Manuela Perlotti, Lucie Branwen Hornsby, Vincenzo Arizza, Mirella Vazzana, Aiti Vizzini, Chiara Martino, Angelica Listro, Vinicius Queiroz, Antonio Fabbrizio, Paolo Salvatore Francesco Ciaccio, Stella Maria Cascioferro, Francesca Di Gaudio, Manuela Mauro

“…Both bio-phenolic compounds and astaxanthin exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity on CaCo-2 (IC₅₀ = 12.47 and 18 µg/mL) and HepG2 (IC₅₀ = 10.25 and 1.26 µg/mL) cell lines, while only bio-phenols showed no cytotoxic effect on differentiated CaCo-2 cells up to 20 µg/mL. …”
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Enhancing immunotherapy through PD‐L1 upregulation: the promising combination of anti‐PD‐L1 plus mTOR inhibitors by Anna Hernández‐Prat, Alejo Rodriguez‐Vida, Laura Cardona, Mengjuan Qin, Oriol Arpí‐Llucià, Luis Soria‐Jiménez, Sílvia Menendez, Fabricio Gerel Quimis, Miguel Galindo, Edurne Arriola, Marta Salido, Nuria Juanpere‐Rodero, Federico Rojo, Aura Muntasell, Joan Albanell, Ana Rovira, Joaquim Bellmunt

“…TAK‐228‐treated bladder cancer cells exhibited resistance to the cytotoxic effects of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8)+ T cells. …”
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Two Novel Compounds Isolated from the Marine Fungal Symbiont of Aspergillus unguis Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Breast Cancer Cells: In vitro Study by Bashari MH, Agung MUK, Ariyanto EF, Al Muqarrabun LMR, Salsabila S, Chahyadi A, Rosandy AR, Afifah E, Afni M, Atmaja HE, Putri T, Utami F, Subhan B, Syafrizayanti, Andriani Y, Elfahmi

“…Not only viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle analyses were conducted, but also the mRNA expression of MCL1, BCL2L1, AKT1 and CDK2 were evaluated.Results: The extract showed cytotoxic activity in breast cancer cells. Two novel compounds were successfully isolated and identified, ie, Unguisol A (15.1 mg) and Unguisol B (97.9 mg). …”
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Lethal clinical outcome and chemotherapy and immunotherapy resistance in patients with urothelial carcinoma with MDM2 amplification or overexpression by Weijuan Zhang, Jiejie Xu, Hailong Liu, Yu Zhu, Zewei Wang, Han Zeng, Zhaopei Liu, Yuan Chang, Le Xu, Kaifeng Jin, Jingtong Xu, Xiaohe Su, Yawei Ding, Lingkai Zhang, Jiaxing Sun, Yuzhen Wu

“…In addition, UC with MDM2 amplification or overexpression was associated with an immuno-evasive contexture characterized by lower proportion of tertiary lymphoid structure infiltration, lower abundance of CD8+ T cells, IFN-γ+ cells, GZMB+ cells, and decreased expression of immune checkpoint molecules including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), programmed death-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4).Conclusions MDM2 amplification or overexpression defines a lethal subset of patients with UC with inferior prognosis and resistance to both platinum-based chemotherapy and immunotherapy irrespective of TP53/p53 status. …”
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