Natural Killer Cells from Malignant Pleural Effusion Are Endowed with a Decidual-Like Proangiogenic Polarization by Annalisa Bosi, Silvia Zanellato, Barbara Bassani, Adriana Albini, Alessandra Musco, Maria Cattoni, Matteo Desio, Elisa Nardecchia, Davide Giuseppe D’Urso, Andrea Imperatori, Lorenzo Dominioni, Douglas M. Noonan, Lorenzo Mortara, Antonino Bruno

“…Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial in tumor recognition and eradication, but their activity is impaired in cancer patients, becoming poorly cytotoxic. A particular type of NK cells, from the decidua, has low cytotoxicity and shows proangiogenic functions. …”
Get full text

Landscape of the Peripheral Immune Response Induced by Intraoperative Radiotherapy Combined with Surgery in Early Breast Cancer Patients by Danian Dai, Xuerui Li, Hongkai Zhuang, Yun Ling, Lezi Chen, Cheng Long, Jinhui Zhang, Yunjie Wang, Yuehua Li, Hailin Tang, Bo Chen

“…IORT+Surgery significantly enhanced T cell cytotoxic activity. Blockade of PD‐1 of post‐IORT PBMCs shows higher T‐cell activity than that of pre‐IORT PBMCs. …”
Get full text

Electroporation assisted delivery of Roussin salt porphyrin-based conjugated carbon nanoparticles for sono–X-ray–photodynamic prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo treatment by Samir Ali Abd El-Kaream, Abed Elrahman Ahmad Mohamad, Sohier Mahmoud El-Kholey, Samia Abd El-Moniem Ebied

“…Rapid advancements in material science have prompted the creation of several SXPs that create cytotoxic species with great selectivity, safety, and noninvasiveness for the treatment of tumors. …”
Get full text

Human Primary Monocytes as a Model for in vitro Immunotoxicity Testing: Evaluation of the Regulatory Properties of TiO2 Nanoparticles by Svadlakova T, Kolackova M, Kulich P, Kotoucek J, Rosecka M, Krejsek J, Fiala Z, Andrýs C

“…The differentiation of TiO2-treated monocytes into macrophages and their polarization were also assessed.Results: The selected TiO2 concentration range (30– 120 μg/mL) did not induce any significant cytotoxic effects. The highest dose of TiO2 promoted monocyte survival and differentiation into macrophages, with the M2 subset being the most prevalent. …”
Get full text

Polystyrene nanoparticles induce DNA damage and apoptosis in HeLa cells by Antonia Feola, Manoj Madheswaran, Grazia Romano, Awet Ghebretinsae Tewelde, Eunice Wairimu Maina, Gianluca D'Abrosca, Maria della Valle, Mariacristina Cocca, Maria Emanuela Errico, Carla Isernia, Roberto Fattorusso, MariaTeresa Gentile, Gaetano Malgieri

“…Through different and complementary experimental approaches, we investigated the potential genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of PS-NPs exposure on HeLa cell lines. …”
Get full text

Gold Nanorods Targeted to Delta Opioid Receptor: Plasmon-Resonant Contrast and Photothermal Agents by Kvar C. Black, Nathaniel D. Kirkpatrick, Timothy S. Troutman, Liping Xu, Josef Vagner, Robert J. Gillies, Jennifer K. Barton, Urs Utzinger, Marek Romanowski

“…The molecularly targeted nanorods can be used as an in vitro ligand-binding and cytotoxic treatment assay platform and could potentially be applied in vivo for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes with endoscopic technology.…”
Get full text

Comparison of immune response in broiler chickens after experimental inoculation with isolates of avian metapneumovirus subtypes A and B by P. S. Yaroslavtseva, M. A. Volkova, Z. B. Nikonova, N. S. Mudrak, Ir. A. Chvala

“…The increase of relative number of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in blood and in spleen, specific antibody response in 50-70% of chickens and activation of local immune response in 50% of chickens were observed in inoculated chickens.…”
Get full text

Interface Molecules of Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Their Role in Parasite Survival and Modulation of Host Defenses by Alessandra L. Morassutti, Carlos Graeff-Teixeira

“…Disease presents following the ingestion of third-stage larvae residing in the intermediate mollusk host and disease manifests as an acute inflammation of the meninges characterized by eosinophil infiltrates which release a battery of proinflammatory and cytotoxic agents in response to the pathogen. As a mechanism of neutralizing these host defenses, A. cantonensis expresses different molecules with immunomodulatory properties that are excreted or secreted (ES). …”
Get full text

Targeted Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Clarinda W. L. Chua, Su Pin Choo

“…Together with a poor functional status, this often precludes the use of systemic therapy, especially conventional cytotoxic drugs. Moreover, HCC is known to be a relatively chemo-refractory tumor. …”
Get full text

Genetic Variations Affect Chemotherapy Outcomes: A Role of the Spindle-assembly Checkpoint by Sinjini Sarkar, Ranita Pal, Trisha Choudhury, Manisha Vernekar, Partha Nath, Vilas D. Nasare

“…The spindle-assembly checkpoint (SAC) is an important pathway that is activated by platinum and taxane compounds and plays a crucial role in their cytotoxic activity. This study investigated a SAC component, Budding Uninhibited by Benzimidazoles 3 (BUB3), its expression, and genetic variants in advanced ovarian cancer patients treated with paclitaxel–carboplatin chemotherapy. …”
Get full text

Subpial hemorrhage: A rare and underrecognized site of intracranial hemorrhage in neonates by Anass El M Aary

“…MRI revealed an acute hemorrhagic collection in the left temporal region, accompanied by cortical cytotoxic edema. The diagnosis of SPH was established based on characteristic imaging findings. …”
Get full text

On the MTD paradigm and optimal control for multi-drug cancer chemotherapy by Urszula Ledzewicz, Heinz Schättler, Mostafa Reisi Gahrooi, Siamak Mahmoudian Dehkordi

“…In this paper, we briefly discuss therationale behind this therapy approach and, using as examplemulti-drug cancer chemotherapy with a cytotoxic and cytostatic agent, show thatthese types of protocols are optimal in the sense of minimizing a weightedaverage of the number of tumor cells (taken both at the end of therapy and atintermediate times) and the total dose given if it is assumed that the tumorconsists of a homogeneous population of chemotherapeutically sensitive cells.A $2$-compartment linear model is used to model the pharmacokinetic equations for the drugs.…”
Get full text

Ipilimumab: A First-in-Class  T-Cell Potentiator for Metastatic Melanoma by Bartosz Chmielowski

“…Ipilimumab, a fully human anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 monoclonal antibody that potentiates antitumor T-cell responses, has demonstrated improved survival in previously treated and treatment-naïve patients with unresectable stage III/IV melanoma. …”
Get full text

Local controllability and optimal control for\newline a model of combined anticancer therapy with control delays by Jerzy Klamka, Helmut Maurer, Andrzej Swierniak

“…We study some control properties of a class of two-compartmental models of response to anticancer treatment which combines anti-angiogenic and cytotoxic drugs and take into account multiple control delays. …”
Get full text

Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin, oxaliplatin, or cisplatin in mouse tumor models, from tumor ablation to in situ vaccination by Katja Uršič Valentinuzzi, Katja Uršič Valentinuzzi, Urška Kamenšek, Urška Kamenšek, Simona Kranjc Brezar, Chloe Heranney, Chloe Heranney, Tilen Komel, Tilen Komel, Simon Buček, Simon Buček, Maja Čemažar, Maja Čemažar, Gregor Serša, Gregor Serša

“…IntroductionIn addition to its direct cytotoxic effects, ablative therapies as electrochemotherapy (ECT) can elicit indirect antitumor effects by triggering immune system responses. …”
Get full text

Preparation of Nutmeg Gel and Evaluation of its Efficacy as Local Drug Delivery in Stage II Grade A Periodontitis Patients: A Prospective Interventional Study by Vazeeha Afrin Syed, AS Pavithra, Arvina Rajasekar, Rajeshkumar Shanmugam

“…Aim: To prepare nutmeg gel and to assess its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities, and its effectiveness as a locally delivered drug in the management of stage II grade A periodontitis. …”
Get full text

A Case Report on Kimura Disease by Biswajit Adhikari, Sarmila Sen, Somnath Saha

“…Treatment modalities include surgical resection, cytotoxic and radiation therapy, as well as regional or systemic steroid therapy. …”
Get full text

Trastuzumab Resistance: Role for Notch Signaling by Kinnari Mehta, Clodia Osipo

“…Overexpression of ErbB-2 predicts for aggressive tumor behavior, resistance to some cytotoxic and antihormonal therapies, and poor overall survival. …”
Get full text

Tau-Reactive Endogenous Antibodies: Origin, Functionality, and Implications for the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s Disease by Lenka Hromadkova, Saak Victor Ovsepian

“…Multiple anti-tau antibodies inhibiting the formation and propagation of cytotoxic tau or promoting its clearance and degradation have been tested in clinical trials, albeit with the inconclusive outcome. …”
Get full text

Anti-CD20 Treatment of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Refractory to Corticosteroids and Azathioprine: A Pediatric Case Report and Mini Review by Alexandros Makis, Zoi Kanta, Dimitrios Kalogeropoulos, Nikoloaos Chaliasos

“…Refractory cases are treated with immunosuppressive drugs, cytotoxic agents, androgens, or splenectomy, with various side effects and questionable efficacy. …”
Get full text