Serum Level Alteration of IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ in Groups of Healthy Adults with Oxidative DNA Damage in Najaf Governorate by Dhuha S. Saleh, Hayder S. Hussain, Hasan N. Al-Haidari, Samia K. Abbas, Ayaid K. Zgair, Seenaa M. Ali

“…A significant elevation of cytokines levels was reported as compared with the control groups (p≤0.01). …”
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Relationship of Serum Levels of IL-17, IL-18, TNF-α, and Lung Function Parameters in Patients with COPD, Asthma-COPD Overlap, and Bronchial Asthma by Nailya Kubysheva, Marina Boldina, Tatyana Eliseeva, Svetlana Soodaeva, Igor Klimanov, Anastasia Khaletskaya, Venera Bayrasheva, Valery Solovyev, Luis Alfonso Villa-Vargas, Marco Antonio Ramírez-Salinas, Moisés Salinas-Rosales, Dmitry Yu. Ovsyannikov, Ildar Batyrshin

“…The concentrations of these cytokines in the circulation in the studied patients with COPD, ACO, and BA were higher than those in healthy nonsmokers (p≤0.001). …”
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Altered AKT1 and MAPK1 Gene Expression on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Correlation with T-Helper-Transcription Factors in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients by Sonia Garcia-Rodriguez, Jose-Luis Callejas-Rubio, Norberto Ortego-Centeno, Esther Zumaquero, Raquel Ríos-Fernandez, Salvador Arias-Santiago, Pilar Navarro, Jaime Sancho, Mercedes Zubiaur

“…Plasma IL-1β, IL-12(p70), Interferon-(IFN)-γ, and IL-6 cytokines were augmented. Plasma IL-1β, IL-6, IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-13 correlated with C-reactive protein, respectively. …”
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Urinary Levels of IL-1β and GDNF in Preterm Neonates as Potential Biomarkers of Motor Development: A Prospective Study by Rafael Coelho Magalhães, Janaina Matos Moreira, Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira, Natália Pessoa Rocha, Débora Marques Miranda, Ana Cristina Simões e Silva

“…Conclusion. Measurements of cytokines and neurotrophic factors in spot urine may be useful in the follow-up of motor development in preterm neonates.…”
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Proteomic Analysis of Lung Tissue in a Rat Acute Lung Injury Model: Identification of PRDX1 as a Promoter of Inflammation by Dongdong Liu, Pu Mao, Yongbo Huang, Yiting Liu, Xiaoqing Liu, Xiaoqing Pang, Yimin Li

“…Furthermore, overexpression of PRDX1 increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), whereas knockdown of PRDX1 led to downregulated expression of cytokines induced by LPS. …”
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Effect of Antifungal-Treated Host Macrophages on Candida glabrata by Hong-Bin Li, Na Li, Shu-Ran Wen, Ming-Yue Qiang, Zheng-Hui Yang, Tian-Xiang Dong, Yu-Ye Li, Yi-Qun Kuang

“…C. glabrata stimulated macrophages to secrete cytokines. Neither ICZ nor AmB affected the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by C. glabrata-infected macrophages. …”
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Complex Inflammation mRNA-Related Response in ALS Is Region Dependent by Sara Berjaoui, Mónica Povedano, Paula Garcia-Esparcia, Margarita Carmona, Ester Aso, Isidre Ferrer

“…The present observations show a complex participation of cytokines and mediators of the inflammatory response in ALS consistent with increased proinflammatory cytokines and sequestration of anti-inflammatory IL-10 in affected neurons.…”
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Immunological Impacts of Diabetes on the Susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Birhanu Ayelign, Markos Negash, Meaza Genetu, Tadelo Wondmagegn, Tewodros Shibabaw

“…Immune mechanisms contributing to the increased susceptibility of diabetic patients to TB are due to the defects in bacterial recognition, phagocytic activity, and cellular activation which results in impaired production of chemokines and cytokines. The initiation of adaptive immunity is delayed by impaired antigen-presenting cell (APC) recruitment and function in hyperglycemic host, which results in reduced frequencies of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells and its secretion of cytokines having a great role in activation of macrophage and inflammatory response of tuberculosis. …”
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The Role of IL-17 Promotes Spinal Cord Neuroinflammation via Activation of the Transcription Factor STAT3 after Spinal Cord Injury in the Rat by Shaohui Zong, Gaofeng Zeng, Ye Fang, Jinzhen Peng, Yong Tao, Keke Li, Jingmin Zhao

“…The increased levels of cytokines were correlated with the SCI disease stages. …”
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Purpurogallin, a Natural Phenol, Attenuates High-Mobility Group Box 1 in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Induced Vasospasm in a Rat Model by Chih-Zen Chang, Chih-Lung Lin, Shu-Chuan Wu, Aij-Lie Kwan

“…This study supports purpurogallin could attenuate both proinflammatory cytokines and late-onset inflammasome in SAH induced vasospasm.…”
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Phenotypical and Functional Analysis of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes from Small Intestine of Mice in Oral Tolerance by Maristela Ruberti, Luis Gustavo Romani Fernandes, Patricia Ucelli Simioni, Dirce Lima Gabriel, Áureo Tatsumi Yamada, Wirla Maria da Silva Cunha Tamashiro

“…IELs from BALB/c tolerant mice had lower expression of all cytokines studied, whereas those from TGN showed high expression of inflammatory cytokines, especially of IFN-γ, TGF-β, and TNF-α. …”
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Sarcoidosis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies by Danfeng Xu, Xiaohua Tao, Yibin Fan, Yan Teng

“…Promising therapeutic agents encompass inhibitors of cytokines, like those targeting tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, as well as inhibitors of signaling pathways, such as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, which exhibit favorable prospects for application. …”
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HMGB1 Promotes Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Enhancing Macrophage Inflammatory Response by Mudan Lu, Shanshan Yu, Wei Xu, Bo Gao, Sidong Xiong

“…The ELISA was also applied to detect proinflammatory cytokines levels. Furthermore, nephritic pathology was evaluated by H&E staining of renal tissues. …”
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ROS-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Is Essential for Burn-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Shichao Han, Weixia Cai, Xuekang Yang, Yanhui Jia, Zhao Zheng, Hongtao Wang, Jun Li, Yan Li, Jianxin Gao, Lei Fan, Dahai Hu

“…We observed that the rat lungs exhibited enhanced inflammasome activity after burn, as evidenced by increased levels of NLRP3 expression and Caspase-1 activity and augmented inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome by BAY11-7082 attenuated burn-induced ALI, as demonstrated by the concomitant remission of histopathologic changes and the reduction of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, inflammatory cytokines in rat lung tissue, and protein concentrations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). …”
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Circulating Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg, and PD-1 Levels in Patients with Brucellosis by Rongjiong Zheng, Songsong Xie, Qiong Zhang, Ling Cao, Shaniya Niyazi, Xiaobo Lu, Lihua Sun, Yan Zhou, Yuexin Zhang, Kai Wang

“…The expression of T lymphocyte cytokines in serum was different in patients at different stages. …”
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IL-17 and IL-22 in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Are Elevated in Guillain-Barré Syndrome by Shujuan Li, Ming Yu, Haifeng Li, Hongliang Zhang, Yanfang Jiang

“…Meanwhile, the elevated levels of these two cytokines in plasma suggest the activation of Th17 and Th22 cells in the systemic immune response of GBS. …”
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The inflammatory profiling in a cohort of older patients suffering from cognitive decline and dementia by Beatrice Arosio, Paolo Dionigi Rossi, Evelyn Ferri, Ernesto Consorti, Simona Ciccone, Tiziano Angelo Lucchi, Nicola Montano

“…Plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines and peripheral markers of neuroinflammation were analysed by next-generation ELISA. …”
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Iron Reduces M1 Macrophage Polarization in RAW264.7 Macrophages Associated with Inhibition of STAT1 by Zhen-Shun Gan, Qian-Qian Wang, Jia-Hui Li, Xu-Liang Wang, Yi-Zhen Wang, Hua-Hua Du

“…Moreover, we demonstrated that STAT1 inhibition was required for reduction of iNOS and M1-related cytokines production by the present of iron. Together, these findings indicated that iron decreased polarization of M1 macrophages and inhibited the production of the proinflammatory cytokines. …”
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ISU201 Enhances the Resolution of Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Model of an Acute Exacerbation of Asthma by Yuka Hiroshima, Linda Garthwaite, Kenneth Hsu, Hyouna Yoo, Sang-Ho Park, Carolyn L. Geczy, Rakesh K. Kumar, Cristan Herbert

“…ISU201 was administered to mice 2 and 8 hours later, while pulmonary inflammation and expression of mRNA for chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines were assessed after 4, 12, and 24 hours. …”
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Arsenic Induces Continuous Inflammation and Regulates Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg Balance in Liver and Kidney In Vivo by Xiaoxu Duan, Guowei Xu, Jinlong Li, Nan Yan, Xin Li, Xuping Liu, Bing Li

“…Besides, a definite tendency toward Th1/Th17 cytokines in the liver while Th2/Th17 cytokines in kidney was also observed by arsenic. …”
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