Innovative immunotherapies and emerging treatments in type 1 diabetes management by Malek Zarei, Mohammad Abbas Sheikholeslami, Masoud Mozaffari, Yassar Mortada

“…., Abatacept and Teplizumab) and cytokine inhibitors (e.g., Anakinra and Etanercept), have shown potential in preserving beta cell function by modulating immune responses. …”
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Allergic Contact Dermatitis Is Associated with Significant Oxidative Stress by S. Kaur, K. Zilmer, V. Leping, M. Zilmer

“…In 40 patients, interleukin- (IL-) 6, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), and IL-10 levels were measured in sera with the Evidence Investigator Cytokine & Growth factors High-Sensitivity Array, total peroxide concentration (TPX) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) by means of spectrophotometry, and the plasma concentrations of adiponectin and leptin by the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. …”
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CD4+T and CD8+T Cells in Uterus Exhibit Both Selective Dysfunction and Residency Signatures by Shuangpeng Kang, Shuiping Jin, Xueying Mao, BinSheng He, Changyou Wu

“…In addition, both CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells in uterus highly expressed inhibitory molecular PD-1 and cytokine IFN-γ. Uterine CD4+T cells highly expressed IL-17 and modulated by transcription factor pSTAT3. …”
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Leptin Antagonizes Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Signaling in Growth Plate Chondrocytes by Lai Wang, Yvonne Y. Shao, R. Tracy Ballock

“…Leptin is an obesity-associated cytokine-like hormone encoded by the ob gene. Recent studies reveal that leptin promotes proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes, suggesting a peripheral role of leptin in regulating growth plate function. …”
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Both CD4+ and CD8+ Lymphocytes Participate in the IFN-γ Response to Filamentous Hemagglutinin from Bordetella pertussis in Infants, Children, and Adults by Violette Dirix, Virginie Verscheure, Françoise Vermeulen, Iris De Schutter, Tessa Goetghebuer, Camille Locht, Françoise Mascart

“…Flow cytometry analyses confirmed that both cell types synthesized antigen-specific IFN-γ, although CD4+ lymphocytes were the major source of this cytokine. IFN-γ synthesis by CD8+ cells was CD4+ T cell dependent, as evidenced by selective depletion experiments. …”
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Radioiodine Labeled Anti-MIF McAb: A Potential Agent for Inflammation Imaging by Chao Zhang, Gui-hua Hou, Jian-kui Han, Jing Song, Ting Liang

“…Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine that may play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammation. …”
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Differences in the Antigens of Helicobacter pylori Strains Influence on the Innate Immune Response in the In Vitro Experiments by Miha Skvarc, Andreja Natasa Kopitar, Janko Kos, Natasa Obermajer, Bojan Tepes

“…Cathepsin X expression on THP-1 cells and concentration of cytokines in the supernatant of THP-1 cells were measured with a flow cytometer. …”
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Predictive Role of Interleukin-18 in Liver Steatosis in Obese Children by Marta Flisiak-Jackiewicz, Anna Bobrus-Chociej, Eugeniusz Tarasów, Małgorzata Wojtkowska, Irena Białokoz-Kalinowska, Dariusz Marek Lebensztejn

“…Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine associated with metabolic syndrome (MS). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can be recognized as a feature of MS. …”
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Pituranthos chloranthus Oil as an Antioxidant-Based Adjuvant Therapy against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity by Aida Lahmar, Zaineb Dhaouefi, Rihab Khlifi, Fairouz Sioud, Leila Chekir- Ghedira

“…PC also restored the alterations in oxidative stress markers and proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ level. Overall, this study provides, for the first time, that PC can be applied as an antioxidant-adjuvant treatment to mitigate cisplatin-induced renal failure.…”
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TLR2 Elicits IL-17-Mediated RANKL Expression, IL-17, and OPG Production in Neutrophils from Arthritic Mice by Viktoriya Milanova, Nina Ivanovska, Petya Dimitrova

“…Frequencies of neutrophils in bone marrow (BM), blood and synovial fluid (SF), receptor expression, and cytokine production were evaluated by flow cytometry. 1A8 antibody (1A8 Ab) was used to deplete neutrophils in zymosan-injected SCID mice. …”
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MicroRNAs in Autoimmune Sjögren’s Syndrome by Seunghee Cha, Mahmoud Mona, Kyung Eun Lee, Dong Hee Kim, Kyudong Han

“…These findings clearly indicate potential clinical implications of miRNAs, such as autoantigen expression and autoantibody production, viral miRNAs regulating the calcium signaling pathway, and aberrant immune cell regulation and cytokine production. Research endeavors in the field are currently underway to select disease-specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers by utilizing different types of tissues or biological specimens of SjS patients. …”
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Cellular and metabolic impacts of repeated sub-acute exposures to biomass-burning extracts in vitro by Michal Pardo, Chunlin Li, Amani Jabali, Yinon Rudich

“…Our findings indicate that repeated sub-acute exposures to water-soluble WT extracts significantly enhance the inflammatory response, evidenced by increased IL6, IL8, and TNFa cytokine levels, compared to a single exposure. Additionally, oxidative stress responses were more pronounced with increased lipid peroxidation and HMOX1, GCLC and CYP1A1 gene expression following repeated exposures. …”
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Follicular Helper CD4+ T Cells in Human Neuroautoimmune Diseases and Their Animal Models by Xueli Fan, Chenhong Lin, Jinming Han, Xinmei Jiang, Jie Zhu, Tao Jin

“…TFH cells can be identified by a combination of markers, including the chemokine receptor CXCR5, costimulatory molecules ICOS and PD-1, transcription repressor Bcl-6, and cytokine IL-21. It is difficult and impossible to get access to secondary lymphoid tissues in humans, so studies are usually performed with human peripheral blood samples as circulating counterparts of tissue TFH cells. …”
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Extracellular Vesicles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are More Effectively Accessed through Polyethylene Glycol-Based Precipitation than by Ultracentrifugation by Lei Jia, Bo Li, Cong Fang, Xiaoyan Liang, Yingjun Xie, Xiaofang Sun, Wen Wang, Lei Zheng, Ding Wang

“…In our THP-1 model of LPS induction, MSC-EVs did not lead to a change in protein expression but inhibited the LPS-induced increase in cytokine secretion. UC-EVs were more effective for TNF-α inhibition, and PEG-EVs were more effective for IL10 inhibition. …”
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Possible Roles of IL-33 in the Innate-Adaptive Immune Crosstalk of Psoriasis Pathogenesis by Serafinella Patrizia Cannavò, Lucrezia Bertino, Eleonora Di Salvo, Valeria Papaianni, Elvira Ventura-Spagnolo, Sebastiano Gangemi

“…The core of the future research on psoriasis could be to fully understand the role of this complex cytokine, in order also to find a new therapeutic approach.…”
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A Comparative Study of Interleukin 6, Inflammatory Markers, Ferritin, and Hematological Profile in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Anemia of Chronic Disease and Iron Deficiency... by Eman Tariq Ali, Azza Sajed Jabbar, Ali Nazar Mohammed

“…Interleukin-6 (IL-6) proinflammatory cytokine is associated with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and development of anemia in it. …”
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Exploring potential biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction by combining circadian rhythm gene expression and immune cell infiltration by Xiao Yu, Xiaopeng Zhang, Hazrat Bilal, Chang Shi, Lei Sun

“…Functional enrichment analyses suggest these genes significantly influence cytokine and chemokine production in immune responses. …”
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Role of CD117 and mast cells in periodontal diseases: Histological and immunohistochemical study by Fatin L. Khaphi, Hanaa Ali Hussein, Oula Fouad Hameed, Huda Jassem Jebur, Zahra Kadhum Saeed

“…Mast cells are mobile secretory cells with a variety of biological tasks such as phagocytosis, processing of antigens, cytokine production, and the release of both newly formed and preexisting physiological mediators. …”
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T Cell Histiocyte Rich Large B Cell Lymphoma Presenting as Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: An Uncommon Presentation of a Rare Disease by Uroosa Ibrahim, Gwenalyn Garcia, Amina Saqib, Shafinaz Hussein, Qun Dai

“…The pathophysiology is thought to involve cytokine-mediated evasion of T cell immune response by malignant B cells. …”
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Negative Effects of SIGIRR on TRAF6 Ubiquitination in Acute Lung Injury In Vitro by Feng Tian, Qiang Lu, Jie Lei, Yunfeng Ni, Nianlin Xie, Daixing Zhong, Guang Yang, Shaokui Si, Tao Jiang

“…Such modulation between TRAF6 and SIGIRR could affect cytokine secretion and exacerbate the immune response; the IL-8, NFKB1, and NFKBIA mRNA levels were reduced after SIGIRR overexpression. …”
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