Inhibitory Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation by Yue Sun, Dejing Shang

“…On the contrary, AMPs can also inhibit the production of biological inflammatory cytokines to reduce the inflammatory response through neutralizing circulating LPS. …”
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TAFRO Syndrome Mimicking Solid Cancer and Successfully Treated by Tocilizumab: A Case and Literature Review by Pei-An Fu, Chia-Chi Wu, Ya-Ting Hsu

“…Hypersecretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6, plays a critical role in this disease. …”
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Iron-regulatory liver hormone hepcidin and its place in the system of congenital immunity by O. A. Smirnov

“…Expression peptide mRNA in hepatocytes is induced by proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α) similar to acute phase proteins of inflammation, and also by liver iron overload. …”
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Metallothionein-3-mediated intracellular zinc mediates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses in the complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain mouse model by Ngoc Buu Tran, Sook-Jeong Lee

“…Furthermore, intracellular Zn2+ was crucial in regulating oxidative stress markers (glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and malondialdehyde) and inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, in MT3 knockout mice induced with CFA. …”
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TLR Specific Immune Responses against Helminth Infections by Sivaprakasam Rajasekaran, Rajamanickam Anuradha, Ramalingam Bethunaickan

“…Despite infection, an asymptomatic state may be maintained by the host immunoregulatory environment, which involves multiple levels of regulatory cells and cytokines; a breakdown of this regulation is observed in pathological disease. …”
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Relationship between circadian rhythm characteristics and chronotypes with multiple sclerosis: literature review by Ieva Jonušaitė, Eglė Sakalauskaitė-Juodeikienė, Rūta Mameniškienė, R. Kizlaitienė

“…Both circadian rhythm disorders and increased serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines are considered as factors negatively affecting sleep homeostasis among patients with multiple sclerosis. …”
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An orally administered gold nanocluster with ROS scavenging for inflammatory bowel disease treatment by Fei Wang, Qianhui Li, Tingting Xu, Zhu Li, Yongxin Jiang, Yan Ma, Xiaohu Li, Wanni Wang, Haisheng Qian

“…Au25 NCs can eliminate ROS such as ABTS radicals, superoxide free radicals (•O2−), and hydroxyl free radicals (•OH), upregulate the expression level of antioxidant enzymes, inhibit the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and finally interrupt the inflammatory circuit of IBD to achieve the effective prevention and delayed treatment of IBD. …”
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Macrophages, Inflammation, and Tumor Suppressors: ARF, a New Player in the Game by Paqui G. Través, Alfonso Luque, Sonsoles Hortelano

“…In most tumors, TAMs show properties of an alternative polarization phenotype (M2) characterized by the expression of a series of chemokines, cytokines, and proteases that promote immunosuppression, tumor proliferation, and spreading of the cancer cells. …”
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Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products and Its Involvement in Inflammatory Diseases by Yaw Kuang Chuah, Rusliza Basir, Herni Talib, Tung Hing Tie, Norshariza Nordin

“…RAGE-ligands interaction induces a series of signal transduction cascades and lead to the activation of transcription factor NF-κB as well as increased expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. These effects endow RAGE with the role in the signal transduction from pathogen substrates to cell activation during the onset and perpetuation of inflammation. …”
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Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Insights into Inflammatory Genes by Raffaella Cascella, Michele Ragazzo, Claudia Strafella, Filippo Missiroli, Paola Borgiani, Francesco Angelucci, Luigi Tonino Marsella, Andrea Cusumano, Giuseppe Novelli, Federico Ricci, Emiliano Giardina

“…Several genetic and molecular studies have indicated the participation of inflammatory molecules (cytokines and chemokines), immune cells (macrophages), and complement proteins in the development and progression of the disease. …”
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Potential Biomarkers of Fat Loss as a Feature of Cancer Cachexia by Maryam Ebadi, Vera C. Mazurak

“…Several inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in mediating fat loss associated with cachexia; however, plasma levels may not relate to adipose atrophy. …”
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Mini Review: Anticholinergic Activity as a Behavioral Pathology of Lewy Body Disease and Proposal of the Concept of “Anticholinergic Spectrum Disorders” by Koji Hori, Kimiko Konishi, Misa Hosoi, Hiroi Tomioka, Masayuki Tani, Yuka Kitajima, Mitsugu Hachisu

“…Briefly, because acetylcholine (ACh) regulates not only cognitive function but also the inflammatory system, when ACh downregulation reaches a critical level, inflammation increases, triggering the appearance of cytokines with AA. Moreover, based on a case report of a patient with mild AD and slightly deteriorated ACh, we also speculate that AA can appear endogenously in Lewy body disease due to the dual action of the downregulation of ACh and hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. …”
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Beneficial effects of baicalein on a model of allergic rhinitis by Liu Tao, Xu Jing, Wu Yungang, Li Xiaoxia, Ding Detao, Ma Dengdian, Yao Mengwei, Wei Wenzhong, Zhang Wei, Wang Shaohua, Yao Jing, Li Xiaoyu

“…Baicalein reduced the frequency of nasal/ear rubs and sneezes in rats, and inhibited generation of several inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in both blood and nasal lavage of rats. …”
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Blocking Type I Interferon Production: A New Therapeutic Option to Reduce the HIV-1-Induced Immune Activation by Moritz Ries, Kathrin Pritschet, Barbara Schmidt

“…An important cause appears to be the HIV-1-induced chronic immune activation, propagated by inappropriate release of proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferons. This immune dysregulation can be reduced in vitro by inhibitors blocking the endosomal acidification. …”
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Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) as an Uncommon Extraintestinal Complication of Crohn’s Disease: Case Vignette and Systematic Literature Review by Raisa Epistola, Tiffanie Do, Ritika Vankina, Daniel Wu, James Yeh, Michael W. Fleischman, Jennifer M. Lee

“…Previous reports postulated that the mechanism of ITP in CD was through the presence of circulating immune complexes in the serum and antigenic mimicry due to increased mucosal permeability in active colitis, versus increased mucosal production of TH1-type proinflammatory cytokines during CD flares, which may account for remission of ITP with surgery for CD. …”
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Therapeutic Mechanism and Effect of Camptothecin on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Yizhuo Wang, Kunjian Liu, Zhiyong Qi, Tong Chen, Wei Yu, Yang Jiang, Guofeng Li, Huijie Xiao

“…In addition, the administration prominently reduced the disease activity index as well as colon length of the model rats and remarkably reduced the inflammatory cytokines. Further, CPT significantly reduced several vital proinflammatory proteins in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. …”
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Use of miRNAs as Biomarkers in Sepsis by Raluca Dumache, Alexandru Florin Rogobete, Ovidiu Horea Bedreag, Mirela Sarandan, Alina Carmen Cradigati, Marius Papurica, Corina Maria Dumbuleu, Radu Nartita, Dorel Sandesc

“…Current methods of diagnosing sepsis vary based especially on the determination of biochemical-humoral markers, such as cytokines, components of the complement, and proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory compounds. …”
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Multifunctional Thioredoxin-Like Protein from the Gastrointestinal Parasitic Nematodes Strongyloides ratti and Trichuris suis Affects Mucosal Homeostasis by Dana Ditgen, Emmanuela M. Anandarajah, Jan Hansmann, Dominic Winter, Guido Schramm, Klaus D. Erttmann, Eva Liebau, Norbert W. Brattig

“…Further analysis applying an in vitro mucosal 3D-cell culture model revealed that the secreted Trx-lps were able to bind to monocytic and intestinal epithelial cells and induce the time-dependent release of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-22, and TSLP. In addition, the redox proteins also possessed chemotactic activity for monocytic THP-1 cells and fostered epithelial wound healing activity. …”
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of By-Products from Haliotis discus hannai in RAW 264.7 Cells by Ho-Seok Rho, Hyang Kim, Jung-Ae Kim, Fatih Karadeniz, Byul-Nim Ahn, Ki-Ho Nam, Youngwan Seo, Chang-Suk Kong

“…Results indicated that presence of H. discus hannai mucosubstance by-products (AM) significantly lowered the nitric oxide (NO) production along the expressional suppression of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and enzymes iNOS and COX-2. …”
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Asparagus officinalis polysaccharide-loaded liposomal gels alleviate skin inflammation via inhibiting the NF-κB/MAPK pathways by Rongrui Zhang, Yu Xiong, Yujin Ma, Yafei Ma, Nuo Li, Yan Ren, Lili He, Lu Han, Jun Ni, Zhi-xiang Yuan

“…Cellular experiments indicated that WAPS attenuated the expression of inflammatory cytokines and enhanced macrophage viability. Skin inflammation was ameliorated with WAPS liposomal-loaded gel; the mechanism regulating NF-κB/MAPK signal pathways was further explored. …”
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