C-Arm Image-Based Surgical Path Planning Method for Distal Locking of Intramedullary Nails by Wei-En Hsu, Ching-Hsiao Yu, Chih-Ju Chang, Hung-Kang Wu, Tsong-Han Yu, Ching-Shiow Tseng

“…Due to the curvature of the bone marrow cavity, the intramedullary nail used in long bone fracture fixation can be deformed, causing displacement of the locking holes. …”
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Numerical Investigation of Water Film Evaporation with the Countercurrent Air in the Asymmetric Heating Rectangular Channel for Passive Containment Cooling System by Kashuai Du, Po Hu, Zhen Hu

“…Using the physical laws, such as gravity and buoyancy, the water film/air countercurrent flow is formed in the external annular channel to keep inside temperature and pressure below the maximum design values. Due to the large curvature radius of the annular channel, one of the short arc segments is taken out, as a rectangular channel, to analyze the main water film evaporation heat transfer characteristics. …”
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Analyzing the hydro-morphological indicators of the Balharoud river with the aim of determining the trend and causes of riverbed change by Tayebeh Kiani, Mohsen Pourbashir Hir

“…As for the Sinuosity coefficient, the number of curves of river increase to 857 in year 2016 than 591 bends in year 1955 which indicates a significant change in river morphology. The values of curvature radius in the whole range confirm the existence of approximately the same arch along the river's path. …”
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Electronic Structure of Single-Wall Silicon Nanotubes and Silicon Nanoribbons: Helical Symmetry Treatment and Effect of Dimensionality by Pavol Baňacký, Jozef Noga, Vojtech Szöcs

“…The results obtained for nanotubes in wide diameter range of different helicity types have shown that metallics are only SWSiNTs with diameter up to <6.3 Å due to the effect of curvature, which induces coupling of σ and π orbitals. …”
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Motion Measurement and Analysis of Different Instruments for Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery by Kunyong Lyu, Lixiao Yang, Chengli Song

“…Working with precurved instruments seems like a compromise to traditional laparoscopic surgery if the transmission property, and shaft curvature of the instruments could be improved. An integrated mechanical platform or robotic system might be the ultimate solution for single-incision laparoscopic surgery to pursue even less trauma.…”
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Cost-Effective Drone Survey of Areas with Elevated Background Radiation by Hédi Katreiner, Béla Kovács, Ákos Horváth, Szabolcs Tóth, Fanni Vörös

“…We convert these data into GIS-compatible formats and produce accurate isoline maps using the Minimum Curvature interpolation technique. The results show that while the radiation intensity decreases with height, the anomaly was visible but less detailed at all heights investigated. …”
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A Star‐Nose‐Inspired Bionic Soft Robot for Nonvisual Spatial Detection and Reconstruction by Qiwei Shan, Yunqi Cao, Haozhen Chi, Shuyu Fan, Ziying Zhu, Dibo Hou

“…By implementing a constant curvature model for robot motion control, positional information is provided for the contact points between the cylindrical sensor array and the external environment. …”
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Anterior Chamber Angle Shape Analysis and Classification of Glaucoma in SS-OCT Images by Soe Ni Ni, J. Tian, Pina Marziliano, Hong-Tym Wong

“…The angle structure configuration is quantified by the following six features: (1) mean of the continuous measurement of the angle opening distance; (2) area of the trapezoidal profile of the iridocorneal angle centered at Schwalbe's line; (3) mean of the iris curvature from the extracted iris image; (4) complex shape descriptor, fractal dimension, to quantify the complexity, or changes of iridocorneal angle; (5) ellipticity moment shape descriptor; and (6) triangularity moment shape descriptor. …”
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Proximal Hypospadias Repair Outcomes in Patients with a Specific Disorder of Sexual Development Diagnosis by Blake W. Palmer, William Reiner, Brad P. Kropp

“…Such procedures are done to correct ventral curvature of the phallus, reposition a proximally located urethral meatus, and cosmetically correct the appearance of labioscrotal folds. …”
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Engineering Characteristics and Reinforcement Approaches of Organic Sandy Soil by Jun Hu, Liang Jia, Wei Wang, Hong Wei, Juan Du

“…The experimental results showed that the coefficient of uniformity and coefficient of curvature were 2.07 and 1.25, respectively. The maximum dry density and optimum water content were 1.723 g/cm3 and 12.23%, respectively. …”
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Motion Control of a 4WS4WD Path-Following Vehicle: Dynamics-Based Steering and Driving Models by Zhonghua Zhang, Caijin Yang, Weihua Zhang, Yanhai Xu, Yiqiang Peng, Maoru Chi

“…The vehicle path-following control is exhibited by dynamic simulation in CarSim with consideration of a complex vehicle model and a variable-curvature planned path. Numerical results obtained are analyzed and show control models have capable of dealing with a complex path-following problem. …”
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Deficits in reaching movements under visual interference as a novel diagnostic marker for mild cognitive impairment by Ciro Rosario Ilardi, Giovanni Federico, Marco La Marra, Raffaella Amato, Alessandro Iavarone, Andrea Soricelli, Gabriella Santangelo, Sergio Chieffi

“…Also, our results suggest that trajectory curvature may discriminate between patients with MCI and healthy older adults. …”
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Dynamic Response and Lubrication Performance of Spur Gear Pair Under Time-Varying Rotation Speeds by Jiaxing Pei, Yuanyuan Tian, Hongjuan Hou, Yourui Tao, Miaojie Wu, Zhigang Guan

“…The results reveal that the time-varying rotation speed induces chaotic motion of the gear system, resulting in significant changes in the dynamic meshing force, entrainment velocity, and curvature radius of the gear pair compared to those in constant-speed scenarios. …”
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Significance of Nonsimilar Numerical Simulations in Forced Convection from Stretching Cylinder Subjected to External Magnetized Flow of Sisko Fluid by Jifeng Cui, Umer Farooq, Ahmed Jan, Murtada K. Elbashir, Waseem Asghar Khan, Mogtaba Mohammed, Ziyad Ali Alhussain, Jamshaid Ul Rahman

“…Fluid velocity is increased as the material and curvature parameters are increased, resulting in improved heat transfer. …”
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Denoising of Tourist Street Scene Image Based on ROF Model of Second-Order Partial Differential Equation by Xiaofeng Yang

“…By improving the diffusion coefficient and introducing a curvature operator that can distinguish details such as edges, it can effectively denoise the tourist street scene image, and it also has a good effect on avoiding the step effect. …”
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A New Approach for Estimating Rock Discontinuity Trace Intensity Based on Rectangular Sampling Windows by Xiaoxue Huo, Qiong Wu, Huiming Tang, Zhen Meng, Di Wang, Yuxin Liu, Shiyu Li

“…Results indicate that the proposed new method based on rectangular windows shows close accuracy and less variability than that of the method based on circular windows due to the influence of finite sample size and the variability of location of the window and has advantage in application to sampling surfaces longer in one direction than in the other such as tunnel cross sections and curved sampling surfaces such as outcrops that show some curvature.…”
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Total Pancreatectomy for Malignant Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN) Complicated by Gastropancreatic Fistulae by Oshan Basnayake, Pradeep Wijerathne, Umesh Jayarajah, Nilesh Fernandopulle, Sivasuriya Sivaganesh

“…A passage of oral contrast was noted from the greater curvature and pylorus of the stomach into the dilated duct suggestive of fistulae formation. …”
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Fast Load Distribution Calculation for Cylindrical Gears with Non-Involute Tooth Profiles by Karsten Fetzer, Stefan Landler, Jonas-Frederick Berger, Michael Otto, Karsten Stahl

“…Special gearings with customized non-involute tooth profile geometries offer a promising alternative to conventional involute gears, addressing limitations, such as undercutting and small radii of curvature near the tooth root. However, the absence of standardized design procedures for non-involute gears, such as ISO 6336 for involute gears, often necessitates reliance on numerical simulations and methodologies using approximations. …”
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Analytical forecasting of the optimal trajectory of mobile robot by A. A. Lobaty, D. V. Kapskiy, A. K. Ibrahim, I. A. Shishkovets

“…In this case, at each given point in space, the trajectory direction to the next point is taken into account, which ensures the optimal curvature of the trajectory at a given flight speed of the aircraft. …”
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Taper Preparation Variability Compared to Current Taper Standards Using Computed Tomography by Richard Gergi, Joe Abou Rjeily, Nada Osta, Joseph Sader, Alfred Naaman

“…Methods. 60 root canals with severe angle of curvature (between 25∘ and 35∘) and short radius (𝑟<10 mm) were selected. …”
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