The Vertebral Column, Ribs, and Sternum of the African Giant Rat (Cricetomys gambianus Waterhouse) by Matthew Ayokunle Olude, Oluwaseun Ahmed Mustapha, Temitope Kehinde Ogunbunmi, James Olukayode Olopade

“…The lowest and highest points of the cervicothoracic curvature were at C5 and T2, respectively. The spinous process of the axis was the largest in the cervical group while others were sharp and pointed. …”
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A Novel Cellular Handset Design for an Enhanced Antenna Performance and a Reduced SAR in the Human Head by Salah I. Al-Mously, Marai M. Abousetta

“…The proposed handset is based on a current commercially available bar-phone type with a curvature shape, keypad positioned above the screen, and top-mounted antenna. …”
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Research on Ground Settlement Regularity of Soft Rock Tunnel under Ultrasmall Distance by Chunwu Zhang, Wei Hou, Zongjun Sun, Li Gu

“…After the reinforcement measures, the variation of the settlement groove width was not obvious but the curvature and peak value of the settlement groove is reduced significantly.…”
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Afocal Mirror Systems with Small Axial Dimensions by N. K. Artioukhina, L. Peroza

“…A study was made of systems in which the diameter of the aperture diaphragm in the primary mirror is modified, which leads to a more compact system.A calculation algorithm of new the systems is proposed, with correction of the image curvature. A summary of formulas of the main parameters of the system is given, and various design solutions are calculated for angular field of view 2ω = 20ˈ and diameter of the entrance pupil D = 35 and D = 70 mm.Computer simulations were performed in the Opal, Zemax, and Code V software. …”
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GIS-Based Identification and Analysis of Optimal Evacuation Areas and Routes in Flood-Prone Zones of Swabi District, Pakistan by Sareer Ahmad, Muhammad Waseem, Sadaquat Hussain, Mudassar Munir Shah, Fouzia Perveen Malik, Salman Masood, Megersa Kebede Leta

“…Additional factors such as curvature, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), topographic wetness index (TWI), land use and land cover (LULC), and soil type exhibit comparatively less impact on flooding. …”
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Entropy optimized nanomaterial flow with Soret and Dufour impacts by Tasawar Hayat, Aimen Tahir, Aneeta Razaq, Sohail A. Khan

“…An opposite behaviors for entropy and Bejan number against curvature variable are witnessed. Thermal distribution increased for higher Eckert number.…”
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Robotic Ultrasonic Measurement of Residual Stress in Complex Curved Surface Components by Qinxue Pan, Chang Shao, Dingguo Xiao, Ruipeng Pan, Xiaohao Liu, Wei Song

“…Considering the effect of curvature, the principle model of residual stress measuring by the critical refraction longitudinal wave is established. …”
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Comparison of canal transportation and centering ability of three different endodontic rotary systems (an invitro study) by Shakhawan Kadir Kadir

“…Methods: Thirty simulated curved canals of 35° curvature manufactured in clear resin blocks were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n = 10) according to the system used for canal instrumentation: ProTaper next, two Shape and Pro Taper gold systems groups, Centering ability was evaluated; Pre‐and postoperative images of the canals were taken at a standardized position by a digital camera with a resolution of 25 mega pixel. …”
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Site Selection of Landfill with emphasis on Hydrogeomorphological – environmental parameters Shahrood-Bastam watershed by Ahmad Reza Arabameri, Mohammad Hossein Ramesht

“…For this purpose, 12 data layers including Elevation, Stream density, Fault density, Habituate density, distance to road, plan curvature, lithology, slope, Temperature, soil, land use and distance to protected area extracted with Arc GIS 10.1 are prepared and one of MCDM methods which is Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is implemented. …”
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Integrating spatial clustering and multi-source geospatial data for comprehensive geological hazard modeling in Hunan Province by Weifeng Xiao, Ziyuan Zhou, Bozhi Ren, Xinping Deng

“…The key findings reveal that annual average precipitation (Pre), profile curvature (Pro_cur), and slope (Slo) are the primary factors influencing the composite geological hazard index (GI) across the province. …”
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An Infrared and Visible Image Alignment Method Based on Gradient Distribution Properties and Scale-Invariant Features in Electric Power Scenes by Lin Zhu, Yuxing Mao, Chunxu Chen, Lanjia Ning

“…Second, the feature points in the edges are recognised by a curvature scale space (CSS) corner detector. Third, the Histogram of Orientation Gradients (HOG) is extracted as the gradient distribution characteristics of the feature points, which are normalised with the Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm to form feature descriptors. …”
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Quasinormal modes of three $$(2+1)$$ ( 2 + 1 ) -dimensional black holes in string theory, conformal gravity, and Hu–Sawicki F(R) theory via the Heun function by F. Naderi, A. Rezaei-Aghdam

“…The main properties of the selected black hole solutions is that their line elements are Weyl related to that of a homogeneous spacetime, whose spatial part possesses Lie symmetry, described by Lobachevsky-type geometry with arbitrary negative Gaussian curvature. Using the Weyl symmetry of massless Dirac action, we consider the perturbation equations of fermionic fields in relation to those of the homogeneous background, which having definite singularities, are transformed into Heun’s equation. …”
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Assessment of the Symmetry and Deformation of a Submarine Hull Using the PCSE Method by Dąbrowski Paweł, Marchel Łukasz, Kiciński Radosław, Lindenbergh Roderik

“…The assessment of similar deformations is not possible in the original point cloud method, due to the unknown parameters of the orientation and curvature of the convex cylindrical hull surface. The PCSE-based parameterisation presented here enables the creation of alternative quasi-planar point cloud projections to extract new spatial information on the object. …”
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Widefield Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Diabetic Retinopathy by Alessia Amato, Francesco Nadin, Federico Borghesan, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli, Irini Chatziralli, Saena Sadiq, Rukhsana Mirza, Francesco Bandello

“…Quantitative estimates and topographic distribution of NPA and NV are useful for treatment monitoring and artificial intelligence-based approaches. Curvature, segmentation, and motion artifacts should be assessed when using WF-OCTA. …”
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Surgical Repair of Late Complications in Patients Having Undergone Primary Hypospadias Repair during Childhood: A New Perspective by Guido Barbagli, Salvatore Sansalone, Rados Djinovic, Massimo Lazzeri

“…Success was defined as a normal functional urethra, with apical meatus, no residual penile curvature or esthetic deformity of the genitalia. Results. …”
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Modeling, Assessment, and Design of Porous Cells Based on Schwartz Primitive Surface for Bone Scaffolds by Rita Ambu, Anna Eva Morabito

“…Due to the important biofunctional role that the surface curvature plays in mechanisms of cellular proliferation and differentiation, in this paper, in addition to properties considering the cell geometry in its whole (such as volume fraction or pore size), new properties were proposed. …”
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Load Deflection Analysis of Beam-Column using Total Potential Energy (TPE) Principle by Manar A. Al-Fadul, Haider H. Darwash, Furat Y. Al-Ghalibi

“…The derived formulation of displacement of the beam-column under axial compressive load with single curvature bowing is presented with initial imperfection and different end eccentricities. …”
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Numerical Study on Zonal Disintegration of Deep Rock Mass Using Three-Dimensional Bonded Block Model by Qingteng Tang, Wenbing Xie, Xingkai Wang, Zhili Su, Jinhai Xu

“…Effects of roadway shape on zonal disintegration were also studied, and the results indicated that the curvature of the fracture track line tends to be equal to the roadway boundary in shallow surrounding rock of the roadway, while the fractures in deep surrounding rock seems unaffected by the roadway shape. …”
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Coupling Interaction of Surrounding Soil-Buried Pipeline and Additional Stress in Subsidence Soil by Yahong Ding, Heng Yang, Ping Xu, Minxia Zhang, Zhenguo Hou

“…Areas of maximum additional tensile and compressive stresses occur in the area of maximum curvature and the central position. In addition, the smaller the burial depth, the earlier the unloading phenomenon occurs; and the additional stress in buried pipe in cohesion-less soil is significantly less than that in cohesive soil, and the unloading phenomenon occurs earlier. …”
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Structural Health Monitoring of Precast Concrete Box Girders Using Selected Vibration-Based Damage Detection Methods by Zhengjie Zhou, Leon D. Wegner, Bruce F. Sparling

“…Strain gauges configured to measure curvature were also effective, but tended to be susceptible to large errors in near support damage cases. …”
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