Euroscepticism in Italy: Evolution of Northern League Political Program by O. N. Barabanov, M. O. Shibkova

“…Being initially a continual supporter of European integration and considering the transition to common currency as an opportunity available only to northern regions, which could secede and form an independent state, Northern League after losing the main point of its political agenda when the whole Italy joined the Economic and Monetary Union in 1998, became a eurosceptically-oriented party, which it is up to now. …”
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North American Integration after 20 Years by G. M. Kostyunina

“…So, in 2000, there was put forward the concept of creating the North American community as an economic and security community by 2010, and in 2005 proposed the idea of a common currency called the Amero. But these proposals did not come true. …”
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Monetary Policy for the Real Economic Sector in Muslim Majority Countries: A Transitional Solution by Ildus Rafikov

“…The paper will argue that central banks are the main institutions that have the power and responsibility to maintain the country’s economic stability and the value of a local currency, as well as to affect the inflation and unemployment rates. …”
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Misbehavior or misalignment? Examining the drift towards bureaucratic box-ticking in Competency-Based Medical Education. by Alicia C Strand, Andrea Gingerich, Vijay John Daniels

“…The requirement to accrue EPA assessments turned them into currency exchanged by preceptors and residents to acknowledge clinical work. …”
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Survey on Ethereum phishing detection technology by Zhao CAI, Tao JING, Shuang REN

“…With the widespread application of blockchain technology, phishing scams have become a major threat to blockchain platforms.Due to the irreversibility, anonymity, and tamper-proof nature of blockchain transactions, phishing attacks often have a high degree of deception and concealment, causing significant losses to both users and businesses.Ethereum platform, with its smart contract functionality, has attracted many crypto currency investors.However, this widespread popularity has also attracted an influx of criminals, leading to the rise of cybercrime activities.Among them, phishing scams are one of the main forms of fraud on the Ethereum platform.To tackle this issue, researchers have developed Ethereum network phishing identification technology, achieving significant progress in this field.However, there has been relatively little systematic analysis and summary of these research results.The current state of phishing fraud on the Ethereum network was analyzed.Moreover, a comprehensive summary of existing phishing detection datasets and evaluation metrics were provided.On this basis, methods for detecting phishing on Ethereum were reviewed, including those based on transaction information, graph embedding and graph neural networks.Transaction information-based methods are the most common, analyzing information such as input and output addresses and amounts in transaction data to determine whether a transaction is abnormal.Methods based on graph embedding and graph neural networks place more emphasis on analyzing the entire transaction network, constructing a graph structure to analyze the relationships between nodes, and more accurately identifying phishing attacks.In addition, a comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of various methods was conducted, explaining the applicability and limitations of each method.Finally, the challenges facing Ethereum phishing detection were pointed out, and the future research trends for Ethereum phishing detection were predicted.…”
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FISCAL BALANCE AND SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA by ODILI OKWUCHUKWU, OKORO KELECHI OKORO, NWANNEDIYA FAITH OTI-IBIAM

“…Government should take proactive measures to ensure that public debt is employed in key productive sectors of the economy to boost domestic production and enhance export receipts in foreign currency capable of repaying the externally borrowed funds. …”
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Chatbot Programmes’ ‘Arms Race’: Africa and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethics by Tapiwa Chagonda

“…This framework should be largely anchored in the African philosophy of Ubuntu, but also pragmatic enough to include positive facets of global-North philosophical strands such as deontology, which largely places currency on ethical principles and rules above the outcomes they produce. …”
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THE PHENOMENON OF CRYPTOCURRENCY FROM DIVERSE PERSPECTIVES by Živilė Nemickienė

“…People are ready to battle for the currency, which does not require the owner’s identity or a central server and overt control of banks and governments over the monetary transactions. …”
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Designing an entrepreneurial model in the banking network with a digital technology approach by Afshin Nobakht, majid nasiri, parviz Saeedi

“…The results showed that the fields of creation and expansion of digital entrepreneurship by banks with dimensions of development of financial technologies, creation of electronic business models, development of electronic entrepreneurship facilities, management of e-commerce infrastructure, development of digital currency and blockchain, the absorption of digital entrepreneurship ideas, and the development of e-banking play a key role in creating a digital banking entrepreneurship network. …”
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Prioritizing Available Islamic Finance Ways, Policies and Strategies in Iranian Commercial Banks (Case Study of Ayandeh Bank) by Seyed Safdar Hosseini, Hassan Mafee, Seyed Fakhreddin Fakhrhosseini

“…The study also uses the AHP approach.Findings: The results show that foreign currency and Rial deposits have the highest priority, and buying and selling debts, securities, guarantees, and agencies have the lowest priority. …”
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Innovative Application of Nano-Organic Photochromic New Materials in Hakka Traditional Decorative Pattern Design by HuiJuan Lai

“…They have relevant applications in many fields, such as architecture, currency anti-counterfeiting, clothing decoration and so on. …”
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The Big Mac Index: A comprehensive bibliometric and systematic review by Haitham Nobanee, Diem Thi Hong Vo, Hai Hong Trinh, Saif Ullah

“…The BMI, an informal measure of purchasing power parity, has garnered scholarly interest in discussions about currency valuations, trade imbalances, and cross-country cost of living. …”
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Managerial analysis of instruments for raising international financing by A. A. Tarasov

“…In this article the following types of financial instruments available to Russian corporate borrowers in the syndicated loans and eurobonds markets are considered: bridge loans, revolving credit facilities, terms and pre-export loans, project finance; bonds with one/several tranches, ruble-denominated eurobonds, benchmark and long-term bonds.Syndicated loans and eurobonds are complex financial instruments available for corporations with the following profiles: (1) leading 1st and 2nd tier and companies with a track-record of raising international financing; (2) industry leaders (top-5 by market share) with annual revenue exceeding USD 500 mln; (3) companies with a significant share of export operations and foreign currency revenue that is required for the payment of interest and principal amounts of the loans and bonds; (4) borrowers and issuers with credit ratings from the international rating agencies; (5) companies with audited accounts prepared in accordance with IFRS. …”
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The logic of the nation: Nationalism, formal logic, and interwar Poland by David E. Dunning

“…RPN attained a measure of international currency that Polish notation in logic never had, enjoying a global career in a different discipline outside its namesake country. …”
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Drivers of foreign direct investment: new evidence from West African regions by Emmanuel Korsah, Richmell Baaba Amanamah, Prince Gyimah

“…Findings – The critical drivers of FDI inflows into WACs are the richness of natural resources, market size or gross domestic product (GDP), imports and exports of goods and services, trade openness and the currency's strength as measured by the exchange rate. …”
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DYNAMIC INTERACTIONS AMONG EXCHANGE RATE, PERFORMANCE OF MANUFACTURING SECTOR AND INFLATION IN NIGERIA: AN ARDL APPROACH by Adedayo O. ADEDEJI, Oyeyemi O. ADEBIYI, Barakat I. SHOBANDE

“…This study recommends that both exchange rate and inflation should be regulated by the monetary authority through appropriate monetary policies like low rate of interest and rejection of further currency devaluation measures to promote the performance of the MS without jeopardizing the welfare of the citizenry in Nigeria, since both high exchange and inflation rates are characterized by adverse welfare effects. …”
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Using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) for Evaluating the Factors Affecting Building Rehabilitation Cost Management in Iraq by Ayad Abbas Obaid Al-Shiblawi, Hatem Khaleefah Breesam

“…Building characteristics prioritize the number of floors in the building and its location, economic and financial factors emphasize fluctuations in currency exchange rates and labor costs, and safety and environmental concerns are anchored by health, safety, awareness and training. …”
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Object of violation of financial control requirements by R. D. Troychuk

“…Given that the provisions of Article 172 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of Ukraine contain various forms of acts for which liability is provided, the composition of violations of financial control contains a specific object, which is proposed to admit a group of homogeneous social relations, allocated within the framework of a generic object related to the procedure for submitting a declaration of a person authorized to perform the functions of the state or local government, opening a foreign currency account in a non-resident bank institution and notification of significant changes in property status, as well as submitting knowingly false information in the declaration of a person authorized to to perform the functions of the state or local self-government. …”
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Fine as a type of disciplinary penalty against prisoners of war by Yu. V. Orel

“…It has been established that the fine for prisoners of war, in contrast to convicts, is assigned according to the system of penalty days, and consists in assigning to the prisoner of war the daily amount of the fine, determined in accordance with the legislation in the national currency of Ukraine. A clearly defined number of days (term), during which he or she is obliged to pay the corresponding amount of money has been set. …”
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Cycles of History: China, North Korea and the End of the Korean War by Sheila Miyoshi Jager

“…As Beijing and Moscow sharply cut their aid and shunned Pyongyang for better relations with Seoul, the North Korean economy went into precipitous decline.4 Russia's abandonment of the "friendship price" system and its demand for hard currency for exports was a major factor in the collapse of the North Korean economy and starvation on a massive scale.This article assesses the China-North Korean relationship from the outbreak of the Korean War to the present.…”
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