YOLOv8-CBAM: a study of sheep head identification in Ujumqin sheep by Qing Qin, Qing Qin, Qing Qin, Xingyu Zhou, Xingyu Zhou, Xingyu Zhou, Jiale Gao, Jiale Gao, Jiale Gao, Zhixin Wang, A. Naer, Long Hai, Suhe Alatan, Haijun Zhang, Zhihong Liu, Zhihong Liu, Zhihong Liu

“…IntroductionThe facial coloration of sheep is not only a critical characteristic for breed and individual identification but also serves as a significant indicator for assessing genetic diversity and guiding selective breeding efforts.MethodsIn this study, 201 Ujumqin sheep were used as research objects and 1713 head image data were collected. …”
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Comparative Analysis of Edge Detection Operators Using a Threshold Estimation Approach on Medical Noisy Images with Different Complexities by Vladimir Maksimovic, Branimir Jaksic, Mirko Milosevic, Jelena Todorovic, Lazar Mosurovic

“…The importance of noise analysis is heightened in medical imaging, as noise can significantly obscure the critical features and potentially lead to misdiagnoses. …”
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Applying Focal Therapy to Lesions Detected via Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Delivering Cancer Ablation Beyond the Visibility Phenomenon by Clement Orczyk, Teresa Marsden, Francesco Giganti, Joseph M. Norris, Santosh Waigankar, Louise Dickinson, Shonit Punwani, Alex Kirkham, Alex Freeman, Aiman Haider, Caroline M. Moore, Arnauld Villers, Clare Allen, Mark Emberton

“…We propose a 10-step framework that incorporates the contribution of all MRI sequences, the cancer growth pattern within the zonal anatomy to establish a margin around the MRI-visible lesion, safeguards for critical anatomic structures, and guidance for energy selection on the basis of specific properties. …”
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Linking Endotoxins, African Dust PM10 and Asthma in an Urban and Rural Environment of Puerto Rico by Mario G. Ortiz-Martínez, Rosa I. Rodríguez-Cotto, Mónica A. Ortiz-Rivera, Cedric W. Pluguez-Turull, Braulio D. Jiménez-Vélez

“…Increases in PM10 concentration and the effects of biological endotoxins (ENX) are critical factors to consider during these storms. ENX promote proinflammatory responses in lungs of susceptible individuals through activation of the Toll-like receptors (TLR2/4) signaling pathways. …”
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The oral microbiota: new insight into intracranial aneurysms by Wentao Gong, Hairong Yu, Wei You, Zhen Chen, Yu Wang, Chao Liu, Youxiang Li, Sheng Guan

“…Recent evidence suggests a pivotal role of oral microbiota dysbiosis, particularly periodontal pathogens, in systemic inflammation that may contribute to IA development and rupture.Objective This review aims to critically evaluate the association between oral microbiota dysbiosis and the pathogenesis of IAs, with a focus on the molecular and immunological mechanisms by which oral pathogens influence vascular pathology.Methods We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the literature regarding the impact of oral microbial dysbiosis on IA pathophysiology, emphasizing the role of specific pathogenic species, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis. …”
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Anti-Inflammatory Functions of Protein C Require RAGE and ICAM-1 in a Stimulus-Dependent Manner by Natascha Braach, Kirsten Buschmann, Johanna Pflaum, Hannes Hudalla, Lutz Koch, Eduard Ryschich, Johannes Poeschl, David Frommhold

“…In contrast to WT and Icam-1−/− mice, PC had no effect on bronchoalveolar neutrophil emigration in RAGE−/− mice during LPS-induced acute lung injury, suggesting that RAGE critically mediates PC effects during acute lung inflammation. …”
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Chemotherapeutic hormesis induced by the tumor microenvironment in refractory ovarian cancer by Xuboya Chang, Satoshi Tamauchi, Atsushi Nakagawa, Wang Xinyuan, Kosuke Yoshida, Akira Yokoi, Nobuhisa Yoshikawa, Hiroaki Kajiyama

“…Abstract Advanced ovarian cancer often presents with multiple lesions exhibiting varying responses to chemotherapy, highlighting the critical influence of the tumor microenvironment (TME). …”
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Optimization of Urban-Scale Sustainable Energy Strategies to Improve Citizens’ Health by Mohammad Anvar Adibhesami, Hirou Karimi, Ayyoob Sharifi, Borhan Sepehri, Hassan Bazazzadeh, Umberto Berardi

“…Sustainable energy strategies have been a critical subject for sustainable development, especially in cities. …”
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A highly sensitive tapered fiber biosensor modified by PDMS combustion product and graphene oxide for MUC1 detection by Bo Wang, Shanren Liu, Mengmeng Gao, Yuanjun Li, Heer Yang, Cai Sun, Qi Guo, Yongsen Yu

“…It is a critical challenge to develop reliable, stable, and sensitive biosensors for specific detection of mucin 1 (MUC1). …”
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Integrating deformable CNN and attention mechanism into multi-scale graph neural network for few-shot image classification by Yongmin Liu, Fengjiao Xiao, Xinying Zheng, Weihao Deng, Haizhi Ma, Xinyao Su, Lei Wu

“…In order to extract comprehensive and critical feature information, a new CA-MFE algorithm is proposed. …”
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Mechanical Properties of Microsteel Fiber Reinforced Concrete and Its Gradient Design in the Partially Reinforced RC Beam by Xiaobing He, Yakun Fang, Qi Luo, Yong Cao, Han Lu, Runping Ma

“…Based on the traditional strength theory, the critical MSFRC layer depth of in the partially reinforced RC beam was about 0.3 times of the beam depth, which possessed the same crack resistance ability with the beam composed of MSFRC in the whole section. …”
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Spireoside Controls Blast Disease by Disrupting Membrane Integrity of Magnaporthe oryzae by Xu Liting, He Kaiwei, Guo Chunyu, Quan Cantao, Ma Yahuan, Zhang Wei, Ren Lifen, Wang Long, Song Li, Ouyang Qing, Yin Junjie, Zhu Xiaobo, Tang Yongyan, He Min, Chen Xuewei, Li Weitao

“…We found that 24 and 48 h post-inoculation with Magnaporthe oryzae were critical time points for metabolomic profiling, based on the infected status of M. oryzae in rice and the observed differences in shikimate accumulation between the two varieties. …”
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Creep Characteristics of Different Saturated States of Red Sandstone after Freeze-Thaw Cycles by Yongxin Che, Yongjun Song, Jianxi Ren, Jiaxing Chen, Xixi Guo, Hao Tan, Mengling Hu

“…The spectrum area gradually increases as the porosity increases. The critical saturation of freeze-thaw damage occurs when the saturation increases from 70% to 90%. …”
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Flexibility in PAM recognition expands DNA targeting in xCas9 by Kazi A Hossain, Lukasz Nierzwicki, Modesto Orozco, Jacek Czub, Giulia Palermo

“…Here, we elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying xCas9’s expanded PAM recognition and provide critical insights for expanding DNA targeting. We demonstrate that while wild-type Cas9 enforces stringent guanine selection through the rigidity of its interacting arginine dyad, xCas9 introduces flexibility in R1335, enabling selective recognition of specific PAM sequences. …”
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Spontaneous tumor regression following COVID-19 vaccination by Hui Dai, Renata Ferrarotto, Myrna Godoy, Diana Bell, Shiaw-Yih Lin, Daniel J McGrail, Luana Guimaraes de Sousa, Kaiyi Li, Mario L Marques-Piubelli, Cipriano Gonzalez, Sammy Ferri-Borgogno, Jared Burks

“…Vaccination against COVID-19 is critical for immuno-compromised individuals, including patients with cancer. …”
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Maternal Infections, Antibiotics, Steroid Use, and Diabetes Mellitus Increase Risk of Early-Onset Sepsis in Preterm Neonates: A Nationwide Population-Based Study by Hao-Yuan Lee, Yu-Lung Hsu, Wen-Yuan Lee, Kuang-Hua Huang, Ming-Luen Tsai, Chyi-Liang Chen, Yu-Chia Chang, Hung-Chih Lin

“…The global evolution of pathogens causing early-onset sepsis (EOS), a critical condition in preterm infants, necessitates a re-evaluation of risk factors to develop updated prevention and treatment strategies. …”
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GUARDIAN'S RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE WELFARE OF CHILDREN IN MARRIAGE: A STUDY ACCORDING TO ISLAMIC LAW by Redwan Yasin, Nurul Hidayat Abdul Rahman, Sayuti Ab. Ghani, Mohamed Belal

“… In Islam, guardianship is a fundamental pillar of marriage, particularly in cases involving children, highlighting the guardian's critical role in ensuring the child's welfare is fully protected before the marriage is solemnised. …”
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Laryngeal cancer diagnosis based on improved YOLOv8 algorithm by Xin Nie, Xueyan Zhang, Di Wang, Yuankun Liu, Lumin Xing, Wenjian Liu

“…The experiments utilized a real-world endoscopic image dataset from the hospital, and the results indicated that MSEC-YOLO outperformed the original YOLOv8 model and its multi-kernel versions across multiple evaluation metrics, especially in critical categories such as malignant tumors, polyps, and papillomas, demonstrating extremely high precision and recall rates.…”
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Synoptic and Mesoscale Atmospheric Patterns That Triggered the Natural Disasters in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, in January 2020 by Thaís Aparecida Cortez Pinto, Enrique Vieira Mattos, Michelle Simões Reboita, Diego Oliveira de Souza, Paula S. S. Oda, Fabrina Bolzan Martins, Thiago Souza Biscaro, Glauber Willian de Souza Ferreira

“…Prolonged rainfall, with a maximum of 240 mm day⁻¹ and 48 mm h⁻¹, combined with the region’s soil characteristics, enhanced water infiltration and was critical in triggering and intensifying natural disasters. …”
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A novel virtual inductor optimization methodology of virtual synchronous generators for enhanced power decoupling by Xin Zhang, Lijiao Gong, Yanjun Zhang, Xiaolei Ma, Lianshan Han, Santao Jiang, Weiji Zhou

“…The integration of increasing amounts of inverter-interfaced generation units into power network presents critical challenges regarding the dynamic behavior and stability of grid-connected power electronic systems. …”
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