How does the medicines retail sector ensure continued access to medicines during public health emergencies? Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda by Eleanor Hutchinson, Sunday Mundua, Jessica Myers, Sian E. Clarke, Kristian Schultz Hansen, Chrispus Mayora, Freddie Ssengooba, Freddy Eric Kitutu

“…They adapted, finding new ways to purchase medicines but overall sales of medicines fell.Conclusions The MRS is critical to the distribution of medicines in many countries. …”
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Verbal fluency and semantic association deficits in children with in birth nonprogressive neuromuscular diseases by Maria Koriakina, Maria Koriakina, Olga E. Agranovich, Ioannis Ntoumanis, Maxim Ulanov, Isak B. Blank, Anna Shestakova, Evgeny Blagovechtchenski

“…This relevance is particularly noted in children with severe motor disorders (MD) from birth, highlighting a need to explore how these disorders may impede cognitive functions.MethodsIn this study, we assessed verbal fluency, a critical component of speech function, in 68 children aged 7 to 15. …”
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NKp46 enhances type 1 innate lymphoid cell proliferation and function and anti-acute myeloid leukemia activity by Rui Ma, Zhenlong Li, Hejun Tang, Xiaojin Wu, Lei Tian, Zahir Shah, Ningyuan Liu, Tasha Barr, Jianying Zhang, Sean Wang, Srividya Swaminathan, Guido Marcucci, Yong Peng, Michael A. Caligiuri, Jianhua Yu

“…Abstract NKp46 is a critical regulator of natural killer (NK) cell immunity, but its function in non-NK innate immune cells remains unclear. …”
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Integrative genomic analyses combined with molecular dynamics simulations reveal the impact of deleterious mutations of Bcl-2 gene on the apoptotic machinery and implications in ca... by Ghazi Elamin, Ghazi Elamin, Zhichao Zhang, Depika Dwarka, Kabange Kasumbwe, John Mellem, Nompumelelo P. Mkhwanazi, Paradise Madlala, Paradise Madlala, Mahmoud E. S. Soliman

“…Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2), encoded by the human Bcl-2 gene, is a critical anti-apoptotic protein that regulates cell death pathways, primarily by inhibiting apoptosis. …”
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The cancer-associated fibroblasts interact with malignant T cells in mycosis fungoides and promote the disease progression by Yige Zhao, Yong Li, Yong Li, Panpan Wang, Mengyan Zhu, Jiaqi Wang, Bo Xie, Chenyu Tang, Yangyang Ma, Shiwen Wang, Sha Jin, Jinhui Xu, Zhao Li, Xiaoyan Zhang, Liuyu Li, Xiuzu Song, Ping Wang

“…Tumor cells promote CAF generation, and the CAFs, in turn, improve the invasiveness and metastasis of the malignant T cells through the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3/SOX4 or IL-6/HIF-1α/SOX4 pathway. SOX4 may be a critical regulatory gene of this positive feedback loop. …”
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Osteoclastogenesis markers in craniofacial bone defects after demineralized dentin material membrane implantation as guided bone regeneration by Dedy Agoes Mahendra, Anita Yuliati, Masfueh Razali, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim, Muhammad Alwino Bayu Firdauzy, Retno Indrawati Roestamadji, Pratiwi Soesilawati

“…The osteoclast cells count generally showed a critical period with the highest increase in the K(−) group on day 14 of 73.00±0.00. …”
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ROS anchor PAMPs-mediated extracellular HMGB1 self-association and its dimerization enhances pro-inflammatory signaling by Man Sup Kwak, Myeonggil Han, Yong Joon Lee, Seoyeon Choi, Jeonghwa Kim, In Ho Park, Jeon-Soo Shin

“…Intermolecular disulfide bond formation is critical for protein oligomerization that regulates biological functions. …”
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High Frequency Vibration Fatigue Behavior of Ti6Al4V Fabricated by Wire-Fed Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing Technology by P. Wanjara, J. Gholipour, E. Watanabe, K. Watanabe, T. Sugino, P. Patnaik, F. Sikan, M. Brochu

“…In this study, the vibratory fatigue behavior of Ti6Al4V deposited using wire-fed electron beam additive manufacturing (EBAM) was examined with the motivation of developing an advanced repair solution for fatigue critical cold-section parts, such as blades and vanes, in gas turbine engine applications. …”
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Facilitators and barriers to parental involvement in neonatal pain management in the NICU: a scoping review by Min Shi, Jie Jing, Binzhi Tang, Lu Feng, Linli Xie

“…Of the 10 facilitator themes, the most critical theme was informational and emotional support. …”
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Analysis of tumoral, stromal and glycolitic markers in the response basal cell carcinoma and Bowen disease to photodynamic therapy in real life by L Bernal-Masferrer, T Gracia-Cazaña, L Najera-Botello, MC Gomez-Mateo, P Cerro, MC Matei, M Gallego-Rentero, S González, A Juarranz, Y Gilaberte

“…Results: Tumor thickness was found to be a critical determinant of MAL-PDT response, with thicker nodular BCCs showing reduced response rates compared to thinner, superficial BCCs and BD lesions. …”
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CADD-based discovery of novel oligomeric modulators of PKM2 with antitumor activity in aggressive human glioblastoma models by Maia Cabrera, Romina Armando, Ian Czarnowski, Patricio Chinestrad, Ramiro Blanco, Alejandra Zinni, Daniel Gómez, Diego L. Mengual Gómez, Pablo Lorenzano Menna

“…ADMET studies further highlighted their strong potential as lead PKM2 inhibitors for GBM treatment.Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and post-MD analyses, including Dynamic Cross-Correlation Maps (DCCM), Probability Density Function (PDF), and Free Energy Landscape (FEL), confirmed the stability of the protein-ligand interactions and highlighted critical residues at the dimer-dimer interface. The Steered MD simulations demonstrated the high affinity of the compounds for PKM2, as evidenced by the requirement of high rupture forces to induce an unbinding event. …”
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A strategy to increase identification of patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Application of the Simon Broome lipid criteria in a large-scale retrospective analysis by James K. Fleming, Renee M. Sullivan, David Alfego, Natalia T. Leach, Tamara J. Richman, Jill Rafalko

“…Conclusion: A laboratory-developed algorithm using Simon Broome lipid criteria can help identify patients who may benefit from additional FH evaluation. While critical, testing hyperlipidemic children for FH is grossly underutilized, as is genetic testing for FH. …”
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Fetal Cartilage Progenitor Cells in the Repair of Osteochondral Defects by Bruno C. Menarim, DVM, PhD, Chan Hee Mok, PhD, Kirsten E. Scoggin, PhD, Alexis Gornik, DVM, Emma N. Adam, DVM, PhD, Shavahn C. Loux, PhD, James N. MacLeod, VMD, PhD

“…Untreated lesions unexpectedly failed to represent critical-sized defects and at 2 weeks exhibited new subchondral bone covered by a fibrocartilage layer that thinned over time. …”
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Lopinavir and Ritonavir have High Affinity Toward the SARS-CoV-2 S-protein Receptor-binding Domain Sequenced in Brazil by Aline Diogo Marinho, Helyson Lucas Bezerra Braz, João Alison de Moraes Silveira, Danilo Galvão Rocha, Roberta Jeane Bezerra Jorge, Geanne Matos de Andrade

“…Understanding the structural and functional interactions between the virus and host cells is critical for developing therapeutic strategies. Methods: In this study, we employed in silico docking models to investigate the molecular interactions between the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, derived from the Brazilian genome sequence, and seven clinically approved drugs: umifenovir, darunavir, lopinavir, ritonavir, remdesivir, pirfenidone, and oseltamivir. …”
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Development of machine learning models for predicting non-remission in early RA highlights the robust predictive importance of the RAID score-evidence from the ARCTIC study by Gaoyang Li, Shrikant S. Kolan, Franco Grimolizzi, Joseph Sexton, Giulia Malachin, Guro Goll, Tore K. Kvien, Tore K. Kvien, Nina Paulshus Sundlisæter, Manuela Zucknick, Siri Lillegraven, Espen A. Haavardsholm, Espen A. Haavardsholm, Bjørn Steen Skålhegg

“…IntroductionAchieving remission is a critical therapeutic goal in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). …”
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Radiation dose and fraction in immunotherapy: one-size regimen does not fit all settings, so how does one choose? by Marka Crittenden, Sandra Demaria, C Norman Coleman, Jonathan Schoenfeld, Arta Monjazeb, Samir Khleif, Seema Gupta, Andrew Sikora, Zachary Morris, Chandan Guha, Stephen Shiao, Silvia Chiara Formenti, Bhadrasain Vikram, Mansoor M Ahmed

“…Radiation oncologists and immunologists convened a virtual consensus discussion to identify current deficiencies, challenges, pitfalls and critical gaps when combining radiotherapy with immunotherapy and making recommendations to the field and advise National Cancer Institute on new directions and initiatives that will help further development of these two fields.This commentary aims to raise the awareness of this complexity so that the need to study radiation dose, fractionation, type and volume is understood and valued by the immuno-oncology research community. …”
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Best practice mechanisms for biodiversity conservation law and policy by Callum Brockett, Katie Woolaston, Felicity Deane, Fran Humphries, Ethan Kumar, Amanda Kennedy, Justine Bell-James

“…Laws for the conservation of biodiversity form a critical component for minimising the drivers of extinction, with species extinction being an extreme outcome of biodiversity loss. …”
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Tumor aggression-defense index–a novel indicator to predicts recurrence and survival in stage II-III colorectal cancer by Tong Wu, Lin Fang, Yuli Ruan, Mengde Shi, Dan Su, Yue Ma, Ming Ma, Bojun Wang, Yuanyu Liao, Shuling Han, Xiaolin Lu, Chunhui Zhang, Chao Liu, Yanqiao Zhang

“…Abstract Background Although the TNM staging system plays a critical role in guiding adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC), its precision for risk stratification in stage II and III CRC patients with proficient DNA mismatch repair (pMMR) remains limited. …”
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Mapping of Minimal Motifs of B-Cell Epitopes on Human Zona Pellucida Glycoprotein-3 by Wan-Xiang Xu, Ya-Ping He, Jian Wang, Hai-Ping Tang, Hui-Juan Shi, Xiao-Xi Sun, Chao-Neng Ji, Shao-Hua Gu, Yi Xie

“…The human zona pellucida glycoprotein-3 (hZP3) by virtue of its critical role during fertilization has been proposed as a promising candidate antigen to develop a contraceptive vaccine. …”
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Evaluating the Accessibility of Urban Public Open Spaces Based on an Improved 2SFCA Model: A Case Study Within Chengdu’s Second Ring Road by Ling Jian, Xiaojiang Xia, Yinbing Zhao, Yang Zhang, Yuanqiao Wang, Yi Tang, Jie Chang, Changliu Wang

“…The rational allocation of urban public open spaces (UPOS) is critical for creating a livable urban environment. …”
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