Critical Optical Depth Hypothesis for Phytoplankton Growth and Bloom. A New Graphical Approach to the Classic Sverdrup Critical Depth Model by Wojciech Szeligiewicz

“…A modification to the classic Sverdrup Critical Depth Model relating phytoplankton light-limited net growth in a mixed water column to its depth is presented by introducing optical depth in place of the physical depth of the column, as well as by the inclusion of self-shading and competition among phytoplankton species for light. …”
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Influence of Infill Wall Configuration on Failure Modes of RC Frames by Xiaojie Zhou, Xiaoyuan Kou, Quanmin Peng, Jintao Cui

“…An improper configuration of masonry infill walls in RC frame may lead to short column effect on the columns, which is harmful to the seismic behavior of the structure. …”
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Study on the Influence of Initiation Model on the Forming Characteristics of MEFP Warhead by Guangsong Ma, Guanglin He, Zenghui Qiao, Yulong Zhang

“…The numerical simulation results showed that the number of EFPs was the least by double-column multipoint synchronous initiation, the number of EFPs was the largest by the central single-point (multipoint) initiation, and single-column single-point (multipoint synchronous) detonation forms the number of EFPs between central single-point (multipoint synchronous) detonation and double-column multipoint synchronous detonation. …”
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The Effect Analysis of Carrier Gas Flow Rate on the Rapid Gas Chromatographic Separation System by Xu Zhang, Sixiang Zhang, Wei Zhou, Yang Qi

“…On this basis, the self-developed microfluidic chip capillary column is used in our odor detecting system. In this paper, lead the chip column into the chromatography separation system, with its small size, high efficiency, easy integration, and other characteristics to replace the original traditional column. …”
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Effect of Intermediate Stiffeners on the Behaviors of Partially Concrete Encased Steel Beams by Cheng-Cheng Chen, Teguh Sudibyo

“…The ductility performance of PE beams using strengthened beam-to-column connection and weakened beam-to-column connection was also investigated. …”
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Study on the Method of Automatically Drawing Multiscale Engineering Geotechnical (Geological) Sections Step by Step of Engineering Layers including Lenses by Guangjun Ji, Nannan Zhao, Xiaoyuan Zhou, Qian Wang, Yan Lu, Zizhao Cai

“…Firstly, the spatial information of the top and bottom boundaries of any borehole layer were extracted, and then based on the stratigraphical column, the borehole layer was studied by a step-by-step coarsen from the finest stratigraphical column to the coarsest stratigraphical column, and the occupation relationship among layers was distinguished; secondly, from the coarsest stratigraphical column to the finest level stratigraphical column step-by-step and taking the radial basis function (RBF) interpolation as an example, top and bottom boundaries were interpolated, respectively, by following the order of current stratigraphical column; next, topological relationship among engineering layers was processed according to contact relationship of strata, and strata boundaries with 0 thickness were deleted; and finally, auxiliary information such as scaler and legend were added in section to complete the drawing of multiscale sections. …”
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Seismic Strength and Stiffness for Recycled Aggregate Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Frame by Xianggang Zhang, Jianhui Yang, Yaozong Zhang, Xiang Gao

“…It is possible that the methods including elastic bending moment at the column end, plastic hinge at the column end, and plastic hinge at the column bottom can all be applied to the design calculation of the story shear bearing capacity for the single-layer single-span RACFST frame. …”
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Experimental Study on Two-Step Concrete Corbels with Several Interface Conditions by Mohamed A. Hassan, M. Nasser Darwish, Said M. Allam, Muhammad A. Diab

“…To overcome the difficulty of casting columns with corbels, especially in precast concrete industry, columns are sometimes cast without their corbels, and then corbels are cast in a following step. …”
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Satellite Observations of the Seasonal Evolution of Total Precipitable Water Vapour over the Mediterranean Sea by J. L. Palau, F. Rovira, M. J. Sales

“…This study shows satellite observations and new findings on the time and spatial distribution of the Total Precipitable Water (TPW) column over the Mediterranean Sea throughout the year. …”
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Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Frames to Progressive Collapse at Catenary Action of Beams by V. I. Kolchunov, S. Yu. Savin

“…It was found that at the failure of the column of the second row the beam of the frame above the point of column removal transform to catenary structure, as evidenced by the relative deflection 1/29.8 (179 mm). …”
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Investigation on Seismic Performance of Bidirectional Self-Centering Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures by Shaking Table Tests by Zhenying Wang, Chenxi Mao, Lili Xie

“…In the structure, the column-base joints, which were installed with external mild steel (MS) dampers, could uplift freely and the beam-column joints could open effectively under earthquake excitations. …”
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Some further results on Legendre numbers by Paul W. Haggard

“…The Legendre numbers, Pnm, are expressed in terms of those numbers, Pkm−1, in the previous column down to Pnm and in terms of those, Pkm, above but in the same column. …”
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Experiment and Simulation on the Anticollision Performance of a New Corrugated Steel Protection System for Bridge Piers by Guicheng Chen, Haidong Huang, Zhongfu Xiang

“…When the impact energy is low, the peak values of the lateral impact force and lateral displacement of the column equipped with OSP are all smaller than those of the column equipped with CSP. …”
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On the r-Shifted Central Coefficients of Riordan Matrices by Sai-nan Zheng, Sheng-liang Yang

“…By presenting Riordan matrix as a triangle, the central coefficients are entries in the central column. Starting at the central column, the r-shifted central coefficients are entries in column r of the right part of the triangle. …”
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CFD Simulation for Separation of Carbon Dioxide-Methane Mixture by Pressure Swing Adsorption by K. Rambabu, L. Muruganandam, S. Velu

“…A pressure swing adsorption (PSA) column, with carbon dioxide-methane as feed mixture and 6-FDA based polyimides as the adsorbent, was modeled and simulated in this work. …”
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Collapse-Pounding Dynamic Responses of Adjacent Frame Structures under Earthquake Action by Wei Jing, Shangshang Xing, Yu Song

“…The structure will collapse and impact the adjacent structures once the weak column is destroyed under seismic action, and, finally, the earthquake damage is aggravated. …”
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Analysis of the Thermal Effects on the Behaviour of Steel Connection Beam Section by Seelam Srikanth, Sai Nitesh KJN, Chunchu Bala Rama Krishna, Vasugi K, Cheerla Prabhu Teja, Sesha Rao Y, Sanjeev Kumar, Dumesa Gudissa Lemu

“…Steel connection is utilized to link the beam and column. It moves the plastic hinge structure away at a predetermined distance from the face of the column. …”
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Cyclic Behavior of Confined Cement-Stabilized Rammed Earth Walls by Xinlei Yang, Hailiang Wang, Ziliang Zhao

“…This paper presents the test results of four cement-stabilized rammed earth walls with confining tie-column elements under cyclic loading, aiming at assessing the cyclic behavior of proposed rammed earth walls with confining tie-column elements. …”
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Experimental Study on the Coupled Heat-Moisture-Heavy Metal Pollutant Transfer Process in Soils by Qingke Nie, Wei Wang, Wenkai Guo, Huawei Li

“…The coupled physical mechanism of heat conduction, moisture migration, and heavy metal transfer in a kaolin soil was studied by one-dimensional column tests. Two cyclic temperature tests show that, during the second cycle, the temperature close to the heat source of the soil column is lower than that during the first cycle and the temperature far away from the heat source is low, which reflects the influence of heating path. …”
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Application of Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography for the Quantification of Flavonoids in Genista tinctoria Extract by Aleksandra Sentkowska, Magdalena Biesaga, Krystyna Pyrzynska

“…Chromatographic measurements were performed on two different HILIC columns: unmodified silica (Atlantis-HILIC) and zwitterionic sulfoalkylbetaine (SeQuant ZIC-HILIC). …”
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